The best computer programs for high school. Curricula in primary school

Dedicated to the parents of future first-graders...

You often hear: “We study according to Vinogradova...”, “But in our class they teach according to Zankov.” Unfortunately, most parents can only name the author of the curriculum, others will say “we were praised for it”, others, perhaps, will talk about specific advantages and cons. But in general, the average parent has difficulty understanding how all these programs differ. And no wonder. It is really difficult to get through the scientific style and terminology of pedagogical texts.

So let's figure it out together and try to understand.

First, there is a pedagogical system and a pedagogical program.

There are only three systems: Zankov system(developmental), Elkonin-Davydov system(developmental) and traditional(see Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation dated October 21, 2004 N 93).

There are much more programs. In addition to the officially recognized ones, there are many experimental systems, as well as proprietary, in-school ones, which we will not consider in this article.

Schematically it will look something like this:

All systems and programs approved by the Ministry of Education meet the main requirement: they allow the student to acquire the required minimum knowledge. Authorship is manifested in the way the material is presented, additional information, organizations educational activities.

Each system and program has its own author, so to speak, an ideological inspirer. But this does not mean that all textbooks in all subjects were written by him alone. Of course, a whole team worked on compiling the educational and methodological kit! Therefore, the names on your children’s textbooks will naturally be different. But, despite the “collective creativity”, all textbooks within one program have the same:

• Goal (i.e. the result that should be obtained, the qualities that graduates who have studied in a particular program should ultimately have)
• Objectives (i.e. those steps by which the goal is achieved)
• Principles (i.e., features of the organization of training, presentation of material, choice of methods that distinguish one program from another).
• Contents (essentially the same educational material, which the child will learn during the learning process. For example, the content of education in philology, mathematics, social studies and natural science. In this part of the program, they differ in that some are limited to the state standard minimum, others include various additional knowledge, concepts, literature, as well as the order of presentation of educational material, which is inextricably linked with the principles.)

There are no bad or good programs. All programs discussed in the article are approved by the Ministry of Education. And the developmental system is no better or worse than the traditional one. In fact, each system is designed for a certain mindset, or, in other words, a way of perceiving and mentally processing information. And these processes are individual for each child. Like metabolism, or say, hair color. Therefore, in the description of each program, we have introduced a section “Features that will allow a child to study successfully in this program,” where we will describe those qualities that it is desirable for a child to have in order to show good results without overexerting himself.

Below we will sometimes give examples of schools teaching a particular program, but in fact, different classes One and the same student can study in different programs, especially where the choice of program is made by the teachers themselves. And that's even good. Various programs and systems require different basic knowledge and skills, and even the personal qualities of the teacher largely determine whether he will be able to implement the program in full. Therefore, the teacher chooses a program that will allow him to work in the current situation with this particular team.

Zankov's education system

In 1995 - 1996 L.V. Zankov’s system is recognized as a parallel state system of primary education.

Target: the general development of students, which is understood as the development of mind, will, schoolchildren and as a reliable basis for their acquisition of knowledge, skills, and abilities.

Tasks: One of the most important tasks is to instill in a primary school student an attitude towards himself as a value. Training should be focused not so much on the entire class as a whole, but on each individual student. In this case, the goal is not to “bring up” weak students to the level of strong ones, but to reveal the individuality and optimally develop each student, regardless of whether he is considered “strong” or “weak” in the class.

Principles: student independence, creative comprehension of the material. The teacher does not give schoolchildren the truth, but forces them to “get to the bottom” themselves. The scheme is the opposite of the traditional one: first examples are given, and students themselves must draw theoretical conclusions. The learned material is also consolidated practical tasks. The new didactic principles of this system are quick learning material, high level of difficulty, leading role of theoretical knowledge. Comprehension of concepts must occur in the understanding of systemic relationships.

Systematic work is being carried out on general development all students, including both strong and weak. It is important for schoolchildren to become aware of their learning process.

Features that will allow a child to successfully study in this program: willingness to work at a high pace, ability to reflect, independent search and assimilation of information, willingness to show creativity when solving a given problem.

• http://www.zankov.ru/article.asp?edition=5&heading=26&article=26 - the system is clearly and fully described, you couldn’t say it better

Elkonin-Davydov education system

If Zankov teaches high speed, then Davydov follows the saying “if you drive more quietly, you will go further.”

Educational system D. B. Elkonina-V.V. Davydov has a history of existence of more than 40 years: first in the form of developments and experiments, and in 1996, by the decision of the Board of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation, the Elkonin-Davydov educational system was recognized as one of three government systems, along with the traditional system and the system of developmental education by L.V. Zankova.

Target: formation of a system of scientific concepts, educational independence and initiative. Development in a child of the ability to think unusually and deeply

Tasks:

1. to form in primary school graduates the ability to reflect, which at primary school age reveals itself through:

• knowledge of one's ignorance, the ability to distinguish the known from the unknown;
• the ability, in an underdetermined situation, to indicate what knowledge and skills are missing for successful action;
• the ability to consider and evaluate one’s own thoughts and actions “from the outside,” without considering one’s point of view to be the only possible one;
• the ability to critically, but not categorically, evaluate the thoughts and actions of other people, turning to their reasons.

The maturity of these abilities is revealed if:

• students can identify a system of problems of the same class that have a single principle of their construction, but differ external features conditions (content analysis);
• Students can mentally construct a chain of actions, and then carry them out smoothly and without error.
• develop creative potential, student's imagination.

Principles:

1. The main principle of this system is to teach children to obtain knowledge, to seek it on their own, and not to memorize school truths.
2. The subject of assimilation is general methods of action - ways of solving a class of problems. Development begins with them academic subject. In the future, the general method of action is specified in relation to particular cases. The program is designed in such a way that in each subsequent section the already mastered method of action is concretized and developed.
3. Mastering the general method begins with objective-practical action.
4. Student work is structured as a search and testing of means to solve a problem. Therefore, a student’s judgment, which differs from the generally accepted one, is considered not as an error, but as a test of thought.

The features that will allow a child to successfully study in this program are the same as those described for the Zankov program. Exception: it is unlikely that you will have to work at a fast pace. Rather, thoroughness, attention to detail, and the ability to generalize will come in handy.

School 2100 (School 2000, Peterson program)

The program is aimed primarily at developing and improving the traditional content of education.

Target: ensure natural and effective integration of the child into society.

Tasks:

• develop readiness for productive work
• to form readiness for further education and, more broadly, for lifelong education in general.
• to develop a natural-scientific and general humanitarian worldview.
• ensure a certain level of general cultural development. An example would be the formation (cultivation) of a student’s skills of adequate artistic perception of at least literature
• to form certain personal properties that ensure his successful socio-psychological adaptation in society, successful social activity and successful social and personal development
• provide maximum opportunities for developing in the student an attitude towards creative activity and creative activity skills
• to form knowledge, attitudes and basic skills of pedagogical activity.

Principles.

The principle of adaptability. The school strives, on the one hand, to adapt as much as possible to students with their individual characteristics, and on the other hand, to respond as flexibly as possible to socio-cultural changes in the environment.

The principle of development. The main task of the school is the development of the student, and first of all, the holistic development of his personality and the readiness of the individual for further development.

The principle of psychological comfort. This includes, firstly, the removal of all stress-forming factors of the educational process. Secondly, this principle involves the creation of educational process relaxed, stimulating the creative activity of the student.

The principle of the image of the world. The student’s idea of ​​the subject and social world must be unified and complete. As a result of the teaching, he should develop a kind of scheme of the world order, the universe, in which specific, subject knowledge takes its specific place.

The principle of integrity of educational content. In other words, all “objects” are interconnected.

The principle of systematicity. Education must be systematic, consistent with the laws of personal and intellectual development child and teenager and enter into common system continuing education.

The principle of a semantic relationship to the world. The image of the world for a child is not abstract, cold knowledge about it. This is not knowledge for me, but this is my knowledge. This is not the world around me: this is the world of which I am a part and which I somehow experience and comprehend for myself.

The principle of the orienting function of knowledge. The task of general education is to help the student develop an indicative basis that he can and should use in various types their cognitive and productive activities.

Features that will allow a child to successfully study in this program: Since the program, as conceived by the authors, has something in common with the Elkonin-Davydov system, all the qualities that were described above will be useful. But since this is still a traditional program designed for the “average student,” almost any child can study successfully using it.

“School of Russia” (Pleshakov)

This is the elementary school kit we all learned from, with a few modifications.

Target: education of schoolchildren as citizens of Russia. The Russian school should become a school of spiritual and moral development.

Tasks. The main purpose of elementary school, according to the authors, is educational. Hence the tasks:

• development in a child of human qualities that correspond to ideas about true humanity: kindness, tolerance, responsibility, the ability to empathize, readiness to help others
• teaching the child conscious reading, writing and arithmetic, correct speech, instilling certain work and health-saving skills, teaching the basics of safe life
• formation of natural learning motivation

Principles: fundamentality, reliability, stability, openness to new things.

Problem-search approach. It involves creating problem situations, making assumptions, searching for evidence, formulating conclusions, and comparing results with a standard.

Features that will allow a child to successfully study in this program: No special qualities are required from the child. Of course than more abilities developed in a child, the better. For example, the ability to self-esteem, willingness to work in problematic situations. But even the most unprepared children for school learn well in this program.

“Harmony” edited by N. B. Istomina

This system correlates with the basic ideas of developmental education and, in particular, with the Zankov system, in which Natalya Borisovna Istomina herself worked for a very long time.

Target: multilateral development of the child, comfortable learning, prepares the child’s thinking apparatus for further learning. Overcoming the differences between traditional and developmental training schemes.

Tasks: ensure the child’s understanding of the issues being studied, create conditions for harmonious relations teachers with students and children with each other, create for each student a situation of success in cognitive activity.

Principles: organization of students' educational activities related to the formulation of an educational task, its solution, self-control and self-esteem; organizing productive communication, which is a necessary condition formation of educational activities; the formation of concepts that provide, at a level accessible to primary school age, an awareness of cause-and-effect relationships, patterns and dependencies.

Features that will allow a child to successfully study in this program: the requirements for the features of the child’s thought process arise from the connection with the Zankov system stated by the author. But like any traditional system, this program softens the requirements imposed on the student by the Zankov program.

“Elementary school of the 21st century” (Vinogradova)

Target: organization of educational activities junior schoolchildren in such a way as to provide comfortable conditions for the development of the child in the process of acquiring knowledge, skills and abilities.

Tasks:

• the formation of the main components of educational activity (if we discuss the student’s position, then this is the answer to the questions “why am I studying”, “what should I do to solve this educational task”, “in what way do I carry out the educational task and how do I do it”, “ what are my successes and what am I failing at?
• organizing the educational process in such a way as to ensure a situation of success for each student and the opportunity to learn at an individual pace.

Principles: The main principle of education is that primary school should be nature-appropriate, that is, meet the needs of children of this age (in cognition, communication, various productive activities), take into account the typological and individual characteristics of their cognitive activity and level of socialization. The student is not just a “spectator”, “listener”, but a “researcher”.

Content: in accordance with the main principle (conformity to nature) Special attention The authors paid attention to the implementation of the function of “soft” adaptation of children to new activities. A system of use has been developed role playing game in learning, which makes it possible to develop various facets of role behavior, and therefore the imagination and creativity of the student. All textbooks provide additional educational content, giving everyone the opportunity to work in accordance with their abilities (for example, introducing interesting texts from the very beginning of training in the textbook on the material of the complete alphabet for children who read well).

Features that will allow a child to successfully study in this program: based on the principles, it can be assumed that this program will be comfortable for children who require a gentle adaptation to everything new to them, be it a group or a type of activity. All courses have a long preparatory period.
They study in elementary school for 6 years, in middle school for 3 and in high school for another 3. A total of 12 years.

I'll describe conventional system education - secular and for ordinary children. There are also extensive systems of religious education in different directions, as well as education for children with special needs - also divided into these special needs themselves, the language of instruction (Hebrew or Arabic), and religious/secular schools.

Primary and secondary schools - at the place of residence. In big cities, sometimes there are special classes with one focus or another, and you can go there without registration.

Before moving to high school, a student must choose what exactly he will study. Each subject has its own cost in educational units, which reflect the depth of its study. To obtain a certificate, you must successfully pass exams for at least 22 units. There are 7 compulsory subjects (Sacred texts: Torah, prophets, scriptures, Hebrew, literature, history, social studies, English, mathematics). The first 5 must be studied for at least 2 units, English can be studied for 4 or 5 units, mathematics - for 3, 4 or 5 units. In addition, you must select 2 more subjects for in-depth study worth 5 units. Their list changes from school to school. For example, at my children’s school it’s like this: physics, chemistry, biology, geography, literature, programming (that’s 10 units), computer science, electronics, history, Arabic, Spanish, digital music, journalism, theater, Jewish tradition, management, sports, sociology + psychology, art, cinema, dance, sacred texts, diplomacy). If someone wants, they can also write an academic paper on a chosen topic and receive another 5 units.

All these subjects have independent exams that are not tested at school. The inspector does not know whose work he is checking. For dance exams, etc. The commission comes, their teachers are not present at the exam.

Thus, the child spends almost every lesson with different groups and students. In English and Maths, sometimes students move from group to group (3.4 or 5 units) depending on their performance.

Subsequently, upon admission, the subjects studied, their level and grade, are of considerable importance.

Don't confuse warm with soft!
Yes, freedom is very necessary. And the hair can be green or blue. But what does this have to do with “whichever textbook I want, that’s the one I take”? even in free school there is a certain program for which there is teaching aids. What does "evaluation criteria are different" mean? - different in the same school?? This is somehow strange.
And if “different schools have different requirements, programs and different workloads,” then this is normal. Children/parents can choose what program and load they need! Well, and accordingly, do not be left without the “exact and natural” sciences (if these children/parents need them).
Freedom is useful. Another question is that it is difficult. Freedom comes with responsibility. For your choice, for your behavior, for your words and decisions.
It’s easier to enroll your child in the cadets, and let them build him there!

Conference "School and additional education children" "School and Section: Schools (School curriculum). I am changing the Russian School to School 2100.

This program generates examples from the multiplication table. The solver needs to write down the correct answer in a special field and click the CHECK button. After clicking, the program will display the result.

You can skip tasks by clicking on the example you want to skip, but all gaps will be counted and after clicking on the RESULTS button, the number of correct and incorrect answers, as well as the number of missed tasks, will be shown.

The program will be useful to everyone who wants to repeat and consolidate their knowledge of the multiplication tables.

For the program to work, it must be installed on your computer. virtual machine java(JVM).

Subject: Mathematics

The program generates number series of different lengths (up to 12 characters) and displays them on the screen. The user selects the display time of the series and its length. After pressing START, the series is shown and after specified time disappears, and the user must repeat it. The program is quite easy to use and will be useful for memory development. The program requires java installed on your computer to run.

Subject: Metasubject

Automatic analysis diagnostics The table presents 4 methods: “Questionnaire for assessing the level of school motivation of N. Luskanova”; “Student survey” (according to N.Yu. Yashina); Methodology “What am I?”; “Attention test” (P.Ya. Galperin, S.L. Kabylnitskaya).

For each method, a table has been compiled with automatic output of results. Points must be entered in the cells gray. The findings for each indicator are entered into the Diagnostic Summary Sheet. The archive contains diagnostic materials.

Subject: Metasubject

The target audience: for 3rd grade

Analysis of dictation and grammar assignments in 1st grade with individual diagnostics for each student.

The teacher marks the work; if the student made a mistake, you need to put + from the drop-down list, if there were no mistakes, leave the cell empty. The upper cells are active - you can enter the classification of errors. In individual sheets the program conducts automatic processing data for each student. The table contains instructions.

Subject: Russian language

The table presents a list of educational achievements that the teacher evaluates in students at the end of the year. A 5-point system is used for evaluation (description attached). A report is displayed for each student after filling out the main table.
The template allows for changes: you can change the class by a quarter, as described in the table. The table was compiled based on the material of L.I. Berdikulova. (the document is included in the archive).

Subject: Metasubject

Target audience: for teachers

Analysis and processing of control cheating in 1st grade with individual diagnosis of each student.

The teacher enters the text of the work in the upper cells; makes a mark for the work; the number of corrections that the student made when cheating; indicates errors and words in which they were made. In individual sheets, the program automatically processes data for each student; if many mistakes are made, recommendations “How to copy the text correctly” are displayed, which can be printed for parents.

The table contains detailed instructions.

Subject: Russian language

Target audience: for 1st grade

Analysis and processing of data on the surrounding world (VPR) in 4th grade. After filling out the table on the achievement sheets for each student, a report appears on the formation of subject and meta-subject results of mastering the main educational program of primary general education.

On the “Analysis” sheet, the mark will be placed only after entering the option number.

Subject: Environment

Target audience: for 4th grade

Analysis and processing of data on the Russian language (RLP) in 4th grade. After filling out the table on the achievement sheets for each student, a report appears on the formation of subject and meta-subject results of mastering the main educational program of primary general education.

After entering the results for each task, the program displays an analysis of the work performed. The number of correctly completed tasks and the names of students who completed each task are displayed. On individual sheets for students, the skills acquired during the course are displayed. high level; skills to look out for.

Subject: Russian language

Target audience: for 4th grade

Varied smart assistants have long penetrated our lives. Today, no one can be surprised by a smartphone or tablet; such technology is accessible and widely available! However, gadgets are associated with entertainment, but with their help you can simplify the process of learning the school curriculum, you just need to use a few special applications. With them, learning will become truly visual and interactive. Electronic gadgets - irreplaceable helpers modern schoolchildren who have broad communication capabilities and make it much easier to carry out daily tasks!

For example, simulator apps teach skills in a playful way that you cannot do without at a school desk!

Quick Brain is a mathematical simulator aimed at training mental arithmetic. the main objective - fast decision math problems involving addition, subtraction, multiplication and division! With each correct answer, the complexity of the tasks increases, which forces you to concentrate and stimulates the speed of solving.

Among the modes: selecting an answer, true/false, entering an answer manually. Separately, you can practice the multiplication tables - useful for elementary school students. There is also a game, the application has a built-in mathematical puzzle 2048. A well-thought-out interface allows you to train literally on the go: in transport, during a break. Application testing was carried out on a smartphone.

Stress and spelling trainers are primarily aimed at those who are preparing for the Unified State Exam. At the same time, the proposed situations are found everywhere in the school curriculum. Interactive Applications will help you effortlessly remember difficult spelling and stress situations.

Those who study foreign languages ​​cannot do without DuoLingo. Interactive simulator develops reading, colloquial speech, writing and listening comprehension. main feature - game uniform and the ability to take testing on the go.

For Russian speaking users Lessons available in English, German, French and Spanish languages. You can go through at the same time unlimited amount courses. First of all, the application determines the current level of training, after which it builds individual program. DuoLingo focuses on conversational vocabulary and is based on short tasks and questions. For greater motivation, you can set the desired amount of time spent on studying per day.

Mathematics is one of the most difficult disciplines; mastering it will require a lot of effort. Luckily, special calculator apps come to the rescue!

Without exaggeration we can say that Photomath- camera calculator. Instead of traditional data entry, the app uses a camera to recognize mathematical examples. The program can handle: linear, quadratic, trigonometric, logarithmic equations and inequalities, as well as entire systems, factorials and integrals. In addition to the answer, the system demonstrates detailed solution. The application is suitable for students of all grades, as well as for parents who want to control the completion of assignments.

The traditional way of entering examples into a calculator cannot be called visual; additional skills are required. MyScript Calulator works with the most visual - handwritten input. The working screen imitates paper, no keys with mathematical operations. In addition to basic mathematical operations, MyScript Calculator supports fractions, powers, roots, moduli, and trigonometry. Unfortunately, the application does not solve the example step by step, but immediately shows the ready answer.

Parents are concerned about their child - naturally, modern cities are fraught with many dangers. The tracker application allows you to monitor the location of your child and other family members. All you need is a smartphone with GPS connected to the Internet. A smartphone was used for testing. There were no problems with GPS, and the connection via LTE made it possible to quickly receive information about movements. It is worth understanding that control is based on trust; it is necessary to explain that the tracker is driven by care, and not by the desire to completely track every step of the child. Don't forget about your child's personal space!

GeoLoc is an advanced tracker application. Except basic capabilities track the location of devices within one family, the following functions are available: monitoring the battery level, SOS button, family chat, the ability to get directions to any smartphone within the group.

For convenience, you can assign safe zones, for example: school, home, football section, and so on. The service will notify parents if a child enters or leaves the designated area. At the same time, the application supports the right to personal space; if necessary, the parent can temporarily disable tracking of their smartphone.

Another indispensable tool for a student is a tablet with an Internet connection. We had at our disposal - interesting choice for a child. For your little money, the tablet is even equipped with a cover - extremely unusual! After all, no matter how large a smartphone is, it is more convenient to view web pages and documents on a tablet. In the learning process, books and textbooks are increasingly found in electronic format, which have to be downloaded directly during classes. I note that teachers react more calmly to a tablet than to a smartphone - a toy.

Polaris Office- universal mobile office suite with the support Word documents, Power Point, Excel, Google Docs And Adobe PDF. Textbooks, methodological manuals, tests - the program can handle everything! At the same time, the application is lightweight - it takes up about 50 MB, which is why it works quickly on almost any device.

A tablet is a helper not only at school, special services will help you complete all your homework assignments. One of them - Brainly, in Russia also known as the Knowledge portal. It's kind of social network, her the main task- mutual assistance in completing school assignments in any subjects. The service database already contains more than six million solved exercises, and you can always ask your question. Brainly is an indispensable assistant for making homework easier.

During self-study You can't do without theory. Foxford Textbook- an advanced reference book that contains theory from grades 1 to 11. The number of items varies depending on the class. For elementary school, only mathematics is available, then the number of disciplines presented grows, the maximum being collected for high school. The selected material is based on school curriculum, many topics are given in basic and in-depth levels.

In addition to reference books that contain a large number of subjects, it is useful to use specialized applications for subjects of particular interest. One of them - Physics from Study Apps. The appendix contains and sorts out all the theory school course, the material is given briefly but clearly. Study Apps also has reference books for biology, math, chemistry, and social studies.

YouTube is the most popular video hosting site, which is perceived as entertainment resource. Although it publishes video lectures that help you master missed material and prepare for tests and exams.

Today, knowledge is more accessible than ever, heavy textbooks fade into the background, all you need is a few electronic gadgets! An electronic reader will complete the picture. Trashbox editors got acquainted with the reader. In his internal storage 4 GB capacity will fit all the necessary literature. There will even be room to download music that you can listen to while reading. But there is also a slot for cards microSD memory up to 32 GB.

We really made sure that electronic gadgets- irreplaceable assistants of the modern schoolchild who have wide possibilities and make everyday tasks much easier! This type of technology is the future, you just need to change your perception and your attitude towards it. After all, a smartphone, tablet and reader are not just toys, but powerful working tools that increase learning efficiency!

When choosing a school for a child, parents take into account many factors: location, traditions, educational focus of the school, reviews. Now this list has been supplemented with another important item: the training program.

Currently offering a variety of work programs for each level of the school from grades 1-11 . As a rule, general education institutions choose several educational programs, especially in the primary grades, and parallel classes are taught in different teaching materials.

Today it is important for parents to know: how to choose a suitable educational program and how do they differ? This question arises especially relevant in primary school, because it depends on how successfully the child will study.

Let's make a reservation right away: it is incorrect to divide programs into “bad and good”. All elementary school programs according to the Federal State Educational Standard are approved by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation. They're just designed for different ways perception and take into account the peculiarities of the child’s thinking. One thing in common: all programs allow the student to master minimum required knowledge for primary school. The difference is in the presentation of the material, in the organization of educational activities, in the variety of exercises.

Educational programs for primary school

1. Program "School of Russia"(edited by A. Pleshakov) is one of the oldest and time-tested programs. From Soviet times program improved more than once, adapted to the realities of new times.

Designed for all children and allows them to thoroughly develop writing, reading and counting skills.

2. Program "Primary school of the XXI century"(edited by N.F. Vinogradova). The material is complex, designed for erudite children. The program teaches independence, goes big job on cultivating interest in the educational process and the ability to properly organize studies. There are many additional materials and exercises aimed at developing memory, logic, outlook, and imagination. Each student can study at their own pace, as assignments are provided different levels complexity and different directions.

The main goal of the program: to teach the child to learn.

3. Program "Primary Promising School". Features: there is no need to cram rules, theorems and axioms. The emphasis is on the development of logic, intelligence and analytical thinking. Additional hours are provided for drawing, music, and physical education.

Suitable for any child, regardless of his level of readiness for school.

4. Program "School 2100"(edited by A. A. Leontyev). This program is gaining more and more fans. An undoubted advantage of the program: continuity of education, since you can study it from the age of 3 until graduation.

Feature of the program: educational material is given to the maximum, varied, at different levels. The student himself chooses how much knowledge will be sufficient. An individual approach to each child is used.

Suitable for all children.

5. "Harmony"(edited by N. B. Istomin). The program involves close cooperation with parents. Many topics are suggested to be discussed at home first. Much attention is paid to the development of self-education skills.

Priority is given to students' independent work. The techniques of observation, selection, transformation and design are actively involved. All material is presented in a diverse manner, taking into account own experience students, practical orientation of knowledge.

Suitable for children with analytical thinking and a penchant for technical sciences.

6. "Planet of Knowledge"- focused on the development of creative abilities. During the course, schoolchildren compose their own fairy tales, stage plays, complete projects, and make presentations.

Provides the necessary minimum knowledge, skills and abilities. Everything beyond the program is at the request of the students.

Suitable for children with a humanitarian bias.

7. Primary school program "Perspective". Here, much attention is paid to the issues of raising children as citizens of their country and the formation of moral positions.

Many tasks are aimed at developing logic and imagination. Used great amount additional material, for each subject - several manuals. The teaching principle is dialectical. The presentation of the material is accessible, although sometimes boring.

Suitable for all children, regardless of their readiness for school.

8. Program by L. V. Zankov. There is a huge amount of material included in the system. All lessons are equivalent; great attention is paid to the development of logic, analytical thinking, and independent work skills. There are electives in computer science, economics, foreign languages. Training is carried out at a fast pace.

Suitable for children well prepared for school.

9. Elkonin-Davydov program. A rather controversial program, but very interesting for children. Much attention is paid to theoretical thinking, problem solving, problematic issues and seeking their permission. Learning is slow. The only disadvantage we can note is the discrepancy in some of the terms studied. So, for example, the authors of textbooks call verbs action words, and nouns - object words. This creates some difficulties in high school... We hope it helps you in your work!