Numbering plan. Allocation and use of numbering resources. Mobile phone numbers
Telephone numbering plan- a system that allows telephone users to make and receive long-distance and international calls. Area code (or city code) is that part of the telephone number that indicates the long-distance communication center. Telephone numbering plans assign area codes to long-distance exchanges so that callers can reach telephones outside their local exchange. Typically, the area code before the number corresponds to a specific geographic location.
Subscribers making calls within their own zone (for example, subscribers in their own city) usually do not need to dial the area code. In international telephone numbers, the area code immediately follows the international dialing country code.
For example, when calling Oslo before 1992, you had to dial like this:
Xxx xxx (within Oslo - no code required)
(02) xxx xxx (within Norway, except Oslo)
+47 2 xxx xxx (from outside Norway)
After 1992, when the numbering plan was changed:
22xx xxxx (within Norway, including Oslo)
+47 22xx xxxx (from outside Norway)
In other countries (for example France, Belgium, Switzerland and South Africa), an exit code is also required for internal calls, both local within the zone and within the country:
Paris 01 xxxx xxxx (from outside France +33 1 xxxx xxxx)
Brussels 02 xxx xxxx (from outside Belgium +32 2 xxx xxxx)
Geneva 022 xxx xxxx (from outside Switzerland +41 22 xxx xxxx)
Cape Town 021 xxx xxxx (from outside South Africa +27 21 xxx xxxx)
For now, using full national numbers for dialing is less attractive than using a local number without regional code, increased use mobile phones, which require full number dialing and can set numbers so that no area code is required. Therefore, the number in Prague can be displayed like this:
420 2 xxxx xxxx before:
02 xxxx xxxx (within the Czech Republic)
+420 2 xxxx xxxx (outside the Czech Republic)
Numbering plans in different countries
Argentina Country dialing code: 54
Australia
Country dialing code: 61
International access code: 0011
Austria
Country dialing code: 43
Brazil
Country dialing code: 55
International connection: 00 xx
In Brazil, long-distance and international calls are made using an operator selection code; after the long-distance or international calling code, you need to dial two digits of the operator code through which the call is made:
15 Telefónica
21 Embratel
23 Intelig
31 Oi
Great Britain
Country dialing code: 44
Since 28 April 2001, all landline and non-landline telephone numbers in the UK have a length of 10 characters (not including the leading 0 area code). Distribution of codes in the UK numbering plan:
01 Geographic area codes
02 Geographic area codes (new, since 2000)
03 Reserved for new area codes
04 Reserved
05 Corporate numbering, as well as IP telephony services (some VoIP services use codes 0845, 0870, or geographically referenced numbers)
06 Reserved
07 Find Me Anywhere - mobile phones and personal phone numbers
08 Toll Free, Local & National Rate numbers
09 Premium services
Locality codes are formed as follows:
(029) xxxx xxxx: Cardiff
(0131) xxx xxxx: Edinburgh
(01382) xxx xxx: Dundee
(015396) xxxxx: Sedber
UK telephone area codes (excluding 0, which must be dropped for calls from outside the country) can be 2, 3, 4 or 5 digits, depending on the length of the telephone number within the area, settlement, while the total length of the number is 10 digits (not including the leading 0).
East Timor
Country dialing code: 670
Until September 1999, East Timor was part of Indonesia's numbering plan, using the country code +62 and the two largest city codes, Dili (390) and Bakau (399). In the conflict with Indonesia, much of the communications infrastructure was destroyed and Telkom Indonesia ceased operations in East Timor.
Was accepted new code countries +670, but international access is still somewhat limited. The situation is complicated by the fact that the 670 code was previously used by the Northern Mariana Islands, and many networks are not yet set up to use the code again. (The Northern Mariana Islands, now part of the North American Numbering Plan, uses Country code 1 and local code 670.)
East Timor has a closed numbering plan, all subscribers have seven-digit numbers. The plan is as follows:
Mobile phones: 72X-YYYY
Service numbers: 721-XXXX
Fixed line: 32X-YYYY (numbers in Dili)
Government departments: 333-YYYY
Ambulance: 110
Fire department: 115
Emergency service:
International calls: 00
China (PRC)
Hong Kong and Macau have their own international dialing codes and telephone numbering plans.
Country dialing code: 86
International connection: 00
Colombia
Country dialing code: 57
Germany
Country dialing code: 49
210 xxx xxxx (from Greece, including Athens itself)
+30 210 xxx xxxx (from abroad)
Similarly, the number 6 was added to mobile phone numbers.
Hong Kong
Hong Kong is a special administrative region of the People's Republic of China.
Country dialing code: 852
Hungary
Country dialing code: 36
The standard area code length is 1 (Budapest only) or 2 digits. The number has 8 or 9 (mobile phones with 20, 30 and 70, corporate network numbers with 71) digits.
1 Budapest
104 Ambulance
105 Fire protection
107 Police
112 General emergency telephone
20 Pannon mobile network
22 Szekesfehervar
23 area code for Biatorbágy
24 area code for Szigetszentmiklós
25 area code for Dunaújváros
26 area code for Szentendre
27 area code for Vác
28 area code for Gödöllo
29 area code for Monor
30 T-Mobile mobile network
32 Shalgotarjan
33 Esztergom
34 Tatabanya
35 area code for Balassagyarmat
36 Eger
37 area code for Gyöngyös
40 Shared-cost service (national)
42 Nyiregyhaza
44 area code for Máteszalka
45 area code for Kisvárda
46 Miskolc
47 area code for Szerencs
48 area code for Ozd
49 area code for Mezokövesd
52 Debrecen
53 area code for Cegled
54 area code for Berettyóújfalu
55 Test number
56 Szolnok
57 area code for Jászberény
59 area code for Karcag
62 Szeged
63 area code for Szentes
66 Bekescsaba
68 area code for Orosháza
69 area code for Mohács
70 cell phone network of Vodafone
71 Corporate networks
72 Pecs
73 area code for Szigetvár
74 Szekszard
75 area code for Paks
76 Kecskemet
77 area code for Kiskunhalas
78 area code for Kiskorös
79 Baia
80 freephone service (national)
81 IN
82 Kaposvár
83 area code for Keszthely
84 area code for Siófok
85 area code for Marcali
87 area code for Tapolca
88 Veszprem
89 area code for Papa
90 Premium-rate service (national)
91 IP VPN
92 Zalaegerszeg
93 area code for Nagykanizsa
94 Szombathely
95 Szombathely
96 Gyor
99 Sopron
Iceland
Country dialing code: 354
India
Country dialing code: 91
Standard Trunk Dialing (STD) codes are assigned to each city/town/village, with the largest cities having shorter codes, down to 2 digits. To dial such numbers, the prefix 0 is used. For example:
011 - New Delhi
022 - Mumbai
033 - Kolkata
044 - Chennai
020 - Pune
Additionally, due to the possibility of the existence of operators fixed line(wired or wireless), for each telephone number an operator code is allocated, namely:
2 - BSNL
3 - Reliance
4 - Airtel (formerly Touchtel)
5 - Tata Indicom
So 020-30303030 is the fixed number of Reliance in Pune, 011-20000198 is the fixed number of BSNL in Delhi, and 033-55269320 is the fixed number of Tata Indicom in Kolkata.
Mobile Phone Numbers Telecom Regulator TRAI has divided the country into zones such that a call within a zone is considered local and between zones it becomes a long-distance call. Cellular zone(or cellular round) is usually one state, with a few exceptions, such as the city of Mumbai, which is a separate zone, the state of Goa - part of the Maharashtra zone, or Uttar Pradesh (which is so large that it is divided into several zones).
Since May 20, 2005, calls between the zones of Mumbai and Maharashtra, Chennai and Tamil Nadu, Kolkata and West Bengal and Uttar Pradesh (west) and Uttar Pradesh (east) have been combined into Inter service area connectivity. In this regard, an intrastate call in these four states would be treated as intra-service area call for the purposes of routing as well as Access Deficit Charges (ADC). The dialling procedure for calls within a State for these States would also be simplified, that is, for calls from both a fixed and mobile phone to a mobile phone, you will not need to dial 0 at the beginning. Ref:DoT Notice
Macau
Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China
Country dialing code: 853
Malaysia
Country dialing code: 60
Mexico
Country dialing code: 52
Moldova
Country dialing code: 373
On February 1, 2004, a new National Numbering Plan came into force in Moldova and the old one came to an end. According to this plan, some changes were made in regional telephone codes, and the codes of two mobile operators were changed: Orange and Moldcell.
Area code
(since February 1, 2004)
Chisinau 22
Balti 231
Brichany 247
Glodeni 249
Donduseni 251
Drochia 252
Edinet 246
Cantemir 273
Causeni 243
Criuleni 248
Kainar 277
Calarasi 244
Leova 263
Nisporeni 264
New Aneny 265
Ocnita 271
Orhei 235
Rubber 254
Riscani 256
Magpies 230
Scared 237
Singera 262
Telenesti 258
Ungheni 236
Falesti 259
Floresti 250
Cimislia 241
Soldanesti 272
Stefan Voda 242
Ialoveni 268
Bessarabka 297
Bendery 552
Grigoriopol 210
Dubossary 215
Kamenka 216
Cahul 299
Comrat 298
Rybnitsa 555
Slobodzeya 557
Tiraspol 533
Hincesti 269
Vulcanesti 293
Taraclia 294
Ceadir-Lunga 291
Romtelecom fixed-line numbers started with a two- or three-digit geographical code: 21 for Bucharest (for example 021-xxx-xxxx) and 2pp for other counties (for example 0233-xxx-xxxx for Neamt county)
new fixed line operators were allocated new geographic codes that started with 3, for example Astral Telecom fixed line numbers are 03pp-xxx-xx, using the same two digits (or 1 for Bucharest, e.g. 031-xx-xxxx) for counties that and Romtelecom
operator codes mobile communications started from 7: 72 for Vodafone România (example 072p-xxx-xxx), 74 for Orange România, etc.
non-tariffable numbers have a code 800 (for example 0-800-xxx-xxx)
Overcharged numbers start with 021-89-xxxxx, as part of the numbers owned by Romtelecom in Bucharest.
Calls within Romania usually require a 10-digit number, while Romtelecom subscribers can call within a region without using a leading 0 and that region code (the number becomes xxx-xxxx for Bucharest and xxx-xxx for the rest of the country). Romtelecom codes for all counties were selected in geographical order starting with northern Moldova (for Suceava county 30), then southwest Wallachia, then southeast Transylvania, in the north, completing the circle, to the largest code 69 (for Sibiu county ).
SMS with increased cost are sent to three- or four-digit numbers. Each operator has its own system.
When calling to Romania from outside the country, the first zero is removed and replaced with an international access code and country code, for example +40-xxx-xxx-xxx.
When calling abroad from Romania, the international access code is 00. From mobile phones, + is also used.
Russia and Kazakhstan
Country dialing code: 7
In terms of Russian numbering, the exit code for long distance communication— “8”, the subscriber number generally consists of 10 digits, for example:
Xxx-xx-xx (in Moscow)
8 495 xxx-xx-xx (to Moscow from Russia)
+7 495 xxx-xx-xx (to Moscow from outside Russia)
For calls within your zone: 8 + 2 + area code within the zone + number.
For example, code Saratov region— 845, Saratov code — 2, Balashov code — 45:
Xx-xx-xx (inside Saratov)
8 22 xx-xx-xx (to Saratov from the Saratov region)
8 8452 xx-xx-xx (to Saratov not from the Saratov region, but from Russia)
+7 8452 xx-xx-xx (to Saratov from outside Russia)
x-xx-xx (inside Balashov)
8 245 x-xx-xx (to Balashov from Saratov region)
8 84545 x-xx-xx (to Balashov not from the Saratov region, but from Russia)
+7 84545 x-xx-xx (to Balashov from outside Russia)
Some examples of writing telephone numbers (usually the last four digits are divided into two groups of two digits by hyphens, and the area code is written without the prefix 8 in brackets):
(495) xxx-xx-xx: Moscow
(496x) xx-xx-xx: Moscow region, big cities
(496xx) x-xx-xx: Moscow region, small towns
(812) xxx-xx-xx: St. Petersburg
(813xx) x-xx-xx: Leningrad region
(8452) xx-xx-xx: Saratov (Saratov region)
(84545) x-xx-xx: Balashov (Saratov region)
Toll free numbers:
8 809 xxx-xx-xx
Historically, "7" was used for the USSR code. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, all former republics except Russia and Kazakhstan received new telephone country codes.
The international line access code is 8~10 - subscribers dial "8", wait for the dial tone, and then dial "10", the country code, the area code in the country and the desired number.
Due to the use of 8 both for dialing a long-distance line and as the first digit of some area codes, sometimes foreigners get confused when dialing. In addition, sometimes in foreign press, instead of the correct (previously) code 095, one could often see code 95, since in Europe 0 is used to access a long-distance line.
On December 1, 2005, the codes 095 etc. were replaced by 495 etc. (that is, the first digit of area codes was replaced by 4) to make it possible in the future to introduce the ITU convention of prefixes 0 and 00 for long-distance and international calls respectively. Codes 095 and 495 (as well as other codes where 0 was replaced by 4) were valid until January 31, 2006 inclusive.
Historical|overview of telephone numbering plans in the Soviet Union and Russia: "History of telephone numbers".
Singapore
Country code: 65
Spain
Country dialing code: 34
Sweden
Country dialing code: 46
Switzerland
Country dialing code: 41
Türkiye
Country dialing code: 90
Ukraine
Country dialing code: 380
Ukraine (as well as most countries of the former USSR) uses a four-tier (local, zonal, national and international level) open numbering plan. For all non-local calls you need to dial 8, wait for a dial tone (the exception is some digital PBXs), then you need to dial 2 for intra-zonal calls calls, 0 for connections within the country and for calls to mobile phones (with the exception of calls to free phones with code 800, 900, etc.), or 10 for international calls.
Since 2010, changes have appeared. To call within the country you need to dial 0, then the area code and the subscriber number. To call abroad, the code is 00. For example, to call Kiev we dial 0 44 2222222, for a mobile phone - 0 99 9999999.
The area code in Ukraine consists of two characters, followed by the locality code (1, 2 or 3 characters), then the telephone number. In some cities where seven-digit numbering of landline telephones has been introduced, there is no city code (for example, Kyiv: +380 44 xxx-xxxx).
As a rule, the zone coincides geographically with the region, with the exception of Sevastopol, for which a separate zone code is allocated.
A few examples of the set:
Xxx-xx-xx (two landline phones in Kyiv, 7-digit numbering)
x-xx-xx (two landline telephones in Brovary (Kiev region), 5-digit numbering)
8~294 x-xx-xx (from a Kyiv landline phone to a landline phone in Brovary (Kiev region), within the same zone)
Finland
Country dialing code: 358
Country code: 27
Japan
Country dialing code: 81
European Union (plan)
Planned code: 3
USA, Canada and West Indies
In the United States (including its territories), Canada, Bermuda and most Caribbean islands, area codes are governed by the North American Numbering Plan (NANP). Currently, all area codes (officially called numbering plan zones) in NANP must be 3 digits long.
Not all area codes correspond to a geographic area. 8xx codes (except 811 and 899) with the last two matching digits, such as 800, 888, 877, 866, etc., are reserved for toll-free phone calls. Code 900 is reserved for paid telephone services. Area code 710 is reserved for the US government, but there is only one number of numbers in this code (as of 2004), which must be dialed as 7D. The number of digits dialed has no bearing on whether the call is local or toll.
In areas without overlays and with toll alert, local calls in their area code are dialed as 7D, toll calls like 1+10D. In some places local calls to other area codes are dialed as 1+10D, in others they are simply dialed as 10D without the leading 1.
In overlay areas, local calls are dialed as 10D. (In New York City, 1+10D is preferred, but 10D also works.) In areas without toll alert, all calls to numbers within the area code and to overlay codes serving the same area may be dialed either 10D or and as 1+10D, and calls to other area codes should be dialed as 1+10D. In areas with toll call notification, all toll calls are made as 1+10D.
Most zones allow local dialing as 1+10D, except Texas, which requires the caller to know which numbers are local and which are toll; there, 10D is dialed for all local calls, and 1+10D for all toll calls.
In the future, it is planned to change the recruitment type to 1+10D in all zones.
All former republics, with the exception of Russia and Kazakhstan, switched to new country codes. After the separation of Abkhazia from Georgia, Abkhazia switched to new telephone codes +7 840 (landline communications) and +7 940 (mobile communications). After the annexation of Crimea to Russia, Crimea also switched to Russian codes+7 869 (landline communications in the territory of Sevastopol), +7 365 (landline communications in the territory of the Republic of Crimea), +7 978 (mobile communications in Crimea).
Currently, Russia uses a four-level open numbering plan. The Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications planned to abandon the open plan by 2009, but since then the closed numbering plan exists only in Moscow (codes 495, 498 and 499). National subscriber numbers (that is, without prefixes such as +7 or 8) consist of 10 digits, which include the area code (3 digits) and the subscriber number (7 digits). On April 25, 2017, the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications issued a new order that shifted the deadline for the adoption of a new numbering plan in Russia. During the first stage (until 2020), it is planned to switch to new prefixes - “0” instead of “8” for making long-distance calls, “00” instead of “8~10” for making international calls. The transition to using a closed numbering plan when establishing a local telephone connection is planned until 2025.
Long distance and international calls[ | ]
The international code is "8~10". The subscriber dials “8”, waits for the dial tone, then dials the number itself, starting with “10” - operator international communications default. The long-distance access code is “8”. However, on modern digital telephone exchanges you can not wait for the dial tone, but immediately dial the number starting with 810. According to the current order, the codes will be changed to “00” and “0”, respectively, until 2020.
Selecting an operator when making long-distance and international calls[ | ]
The table shows full list codes touched this replacement. In the Kaliningrad region, the old code 011 has been replaced by the new code 401.
Until January 31, 2006, both codes were valid - old and new. After turning off the old codes, the answering machine worked for some time, informing about the code change. Some operators cellular communications during the transition period were allowed receiving SMS to “direct” numbers with both old and new codes.
| Old code | New code | Region |
|---|---|---|
| 011 | 401 | Kaliningrad region |
| 071 | 471 | Kursk region |
| 072 | 472 | Belgorod region |
| 073 | 473 | Voronezh region |
| 074 | 474 | Lipetsk region |
| 075 | 475 | Tambov Region |
| 081 | 481 | Smolensk region |
| 082 | 482 | Tver region |
| 083 | 483 | Bryansk region |
| 084 | 484 | Kaluga region |
| 085 | 485 | Yaroslavl region |
| 086 | 486 | Oryol Region |
| 087 | 487 | Tula region |
| 091 | 491 | Ryazan Oblast |
| 092 | 492 | Vladimir region |
| 093 | 493 | Ivanovo region |
| 094 | 494 | Kostroma region |
| 095 | 495, 499 | Moscow |
| 096 | 496, 498 | Moscow region |
| 097 | 997 | "ASVT" (Iskra-2 network in the Moscow region) |
Seven-digit numbers[ | ]
For more than 30 years, only two cities in Russia had seven-digit numbers - Moscow and St. Petersburg. Due to the rapid development of the industry, other cities also felt the need to expand their number capacity.
The following cities in Russia currently have seven-digit telephone numbering:
Transition planned:
Region codes [ | ]
| First digit of the code | Usage |
|---|---|
| 0 | Not used (reserved) |
| 1 | Not used (reserved for special service numbers) |
| 2 | Reserved for general use with Kazakhstan |
| 3 | Geographic codes |
| 4 | Geographic codes |
| 5 | Reserved |
| 6 | Used for numbers in Kazakhstan |
| 7 | Used for numbers in Kazakhstan |
| 8 | Geographic codes, demon paid numbers, paid numbers ( general use with Kazakhstan and Abkhazia) |
| 9 | Non-geographic codes |
List of geographic codes[ | ]
| Region | Code | Note |
|---|---|---|
| Republic of Adygea | 877 | |
| Altai region | 385 | |
| Altai Republic | 388 | |
| Amur region | 416 | |
| Arkhangelsk region and Nenets Autonomous Okrug | 818 | |
| Astrakhan region | 851 | |
| Belgorod region | 472 | Until 2005 - 072 |
| Bryansk region | 483 | Before 2005 - 083 |
| The Republic of Buryatia | 301 | |
| Vladimir region | 492 | Until 2005 - 092 |
| Volgograd region | 844 | |
| Vologda Region | 817, 820 | 820 - Cherepovets and Cherepovets district |
| Voronezh region | 473 | Before 2005 - 073 |
| The Republic of Dagestan | 872 | |
| Jewish Autonomous Region | 426 | |
| Sverdlovsk region | 343 | |
| Ivanovo region | 493 | Before 2005 - 093 |
| The Republic of Ingushetia | 873 | |
| Irkutsk region | 395 | |
| Kabardino-Balkaria | 866 | |
| Kaliningrad region | 401 | Until 2005 - 011 |
| Republic of Kalmykia | 847 | |
| Kaluga region | 484 | Until 2005 - 084 |
| Kamchatka Krai | 415 | |
| Karachay-Cherkessia | 878 | |
| Republic of Karelia | 814 | |
| Kemerovo region | 384 | |
| Kirov region | 833 | |
| Komi Republic | 821 | |
| Kostroma region | 494 | Until 2005 - 094 |
| Krasnodar region | 861, 862 | 862 - Sochi |
| Krasnoyarsk region | 391 | |
| Republic of Crimea | 365 | Until 1995 - 065, until 2015 - +380 65 |
| Kurgan region | 352 | |
| Kursk region | 471 | Before 2005 - 071 |
| Leningrad region | 813 | |
| Lipetsk region | 474 | Before 2005 - 074 |
| Magadan Region | 413 | |
| Mari El Republic | 836 | |
| The Republic of Mordovia | 834 | |
| Moscow | 495, 498, 499 | Until 2005 - 095. Code 498 in New Moscow. |
| Moscow region | 495, 496, 498 | Until 2005 - 096. Codes 495 and 498 in cities and areas adjacent to the Moscow Ring Road. |
| Murmansk region | 815 | |
| Nizhny Novgorod Region | 831 | |
| Novgorod region | 816 | |
| Novosibirsk region | 383 | |
| Omsk region | 381 | |
| Orenburg region | 353 | |
| Oryol Region | 486 | Until 2005 - 086 |
| Penza region | 841 | |
| Perm region | 342 | |
| Primorsky Krai | 423 | |
| Pskov region | 811 | |
| Rostov region | 863 | |
| Ryazan Oblast | 491 | Until 2005 - 091 |
| Samara Region | 846, 848 | 848 - Tolyatti, Zhigulevsk and Stavropol region |
| Saint Petersburg | 812 | |
| Saratov region | 845 | |
| Sakhalin region | 424 | |
| North Ossetia-Alania | 867 | |
| Sevastopol | 869 | Until 1995 - 069, until 2014 - +380 69 |
| Smolensk region | 481 | Before 2005 - 081 |
| Stavropol region | 865, 879 | 879 - Caucasian Mineral Waters |
| Tambov Region | 475 | Until 2005 - 075 |
| Republic of Tatarstan | 843, 855 | 855 - Naberezhnye Chelny and eastern regions of the republic |
| Tver region | 482 | Until 2005 - 082 |
| Tomsk region | 382 | |
| Tula region | 487 | Until 2005 - 087 |
| Tyva Republic | 394 | |
| Tyumen region | 345 | |
| Udmurtia | 341 | |
| Ulyanovsk region | 842 | |
| Republic of Bashkortostan | 347 | |
| Khabarovsk region | 421 | |
| Khakassia | 390 | |
| Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug | 346 | |
| Chelyabinsk region | 351 | |
| Chechen Republic | 871 | |
| Transbaikal region | 302 | |
| Chuvash Republic | 835 | |
| Chukotka Autonomous Okrug | 427 | |
| The Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) | 411 | |
| Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug | 349 | |
| Yaroslavl region | 485 | Until 2005 - 085 |
Non-geographic codes[ | ]
Telecommunication service access codes[ | ]
| Code | Purpose |
|---|---|
| 800 | Free calls |
| 801 | Call with automatic alternative payment |
| 802 | Call by credit card |
| 803 | Televoting |
| 804 | Universal access number |
| 805 | Calling with a prepaid card |
| 806 | Call by payment card |
| 807 | Virtual private network |
| 808 | Universal Personal Area Network |
| 809 | Service at additional cost |
| 881–899 | Reserve |
| 970 | Access to data communication services |
| 971 | Access to telematic communication services |
Numbering in non-geographical codes[ | ]
On March 28, 2005, new Rules for connecting telecommunication networks and their interaction came into force. One of the requirements of the rules was the need for mobile operators to use numbering in non-geographical codes (). Thus, all operators that served mobile phones with numbers in geographic codes (so-called “direct” numbers) were forced to convert them to non-geographical codes (9xx). For example, Moscow numbers of MTS were transferred from code 495 to code 985, and MegaFon - from code 495 to 925. Direct city numbers remained as a means of forwarding to main numbers with DEF type codes. The transition mainly affected Moscow and St. Petersburg, where there was a practice of pure direct numbers that never had a non-geographic synonym. Also, Voronezh “Kodotel” (now part of Tele2) replaced the code 473 with the federal 952.
Abkhazia switched to new telephone codes +7 840 (landline communications) and +7 940 (mobile communications). After the annexation of Crimea to Russia, Crimea also switched to Russian codes +7 869 (landline communications in the territory of Sevastopol), +7 365 (landline communications in the territory of the Republic of Crimea), +7 978 (mobile communications in Crimea).
Currently, Russia uses a four-level open numbering plan. The Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications planned to abandon the open plan by 2009, but since then the closed numbering plan exists only in Moscow and its nearby suburbs (codes 495, 498 and 499). National subscriber numbers (that is, without prefixes such as +7 or 8) consist of 10 digits, which include the area code (3 digits) and the subscriber number (7 digits). On April 25, 2017, the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications issued a new order that shifted the deadline for the adoption of a new numbering plan in Russia. During the first stage (until 2020), it is planned to switch to new prefixes - “0” instead of “8” for making long-distance calls, “00” instead of “8~10” for making international calls. The transition to using a closed numbering plan when establishing a local telephone connection is planned until 2025.
Long distance and international calls
The international code is "8~10". The subscriber dials “8”, waits for the dial tone, then dials the number itself, starting with “10” - the default international operator. The long-distance access code is “8”. However, on modern digital telephone exchanges you can not wait for the dial tone, but immediately dial the number starting with 810. According to the current order, the codes will be changed to “00” and “0”, respectively, until 2020.
Selecting an operator when making long-distance and international calls
The table provides a complete list of codes affected by this replacement. In the Kaliningrad region, the old code 011 has been replaced by the new code 401.
Until January 31, 2006, both codes were valid - old and new. After turning off the old codes, the answering machine worked for some time, informing about the code change. During the transition period, some cellular operators allowed the reception of SMS to “direct” numbers with both the old and new codes.
| Old code | New code | Region |
|---|---|---|
| 011 | 401 | Kaliningrad region |
| 071 | 471 | Kursk region |
| 072 | 472 | Belgorod region |
| 073 | 473 | Voronezh region |
| 074 | 474 | Lipetsk region |
| 075 | 475 | Tambov Region |
| 081 | 481 | Smolensk region |
| 082 | 482 | Tver region |
| 083 | 483 | Bryansk region |
| 084 | 484 | Kaluga region |
| 085 | 485 | Yaroslavl region |
| 086 | 486 | Oryol Region |
| 087 | 487 | Tula region |
| 091 | 491 | Ryazan Oblast |
| 092 | 492 | Vladimir region |
| 093 | 493 | Ivanovo region |
| 094 | 494 | Kostroma region |
| 095 | 495, 499 | Moscow |
| 096 | 496, 498 | Moscow region |
| 097 | 997 | "ASVT" (Iskra-2 network in the Moscow region) |
Seven-digit numbers
For more than 30 years, only two cities in Russia had seven-digit numbers - Moscow and St. Petersburg. Due to the rapid development of the industry, other cities also felt the need to expand their number capacity.
The following cities in Russia currently have seven-digit telephone numbering:
Transition planned:
Region codes
| First digit of the code | Usage |
|---|---|
| 0 | Not used (reserved) |
| 1 | Not used (reserved for special service numbers) |
| 2 | Reserved for general use with Kazakhstan |
| 3 | Geographic codes |
| 4 | Geographic codes |
| 5 | Reserved |
| 6 | Used for numbers in Kazakhstan |
| 7 | Used for numbers in Kazakhstan |
| 8 | Geographic codes, toll-free numbers, toll numbers (shared with Kazakhstan and Abkhazia) |
| 9 | Non-geographic codes |
List of geographic codes
| Region | Code | Note |
|---|---|---|
| Republic of Adygea | 877 | |
| Altai region | 385 | |
| Altai Republic | 388 | |
| Amur region | 416 | |
| Arkhangelsk region and Nenets Autonomous Okrug | 818 | |
| Astrakhan region | 851 | |
| Belgorod region | 472 | Until 2005 - 072 |
| Bryansk region | 483 | Before 2005 - 083 |
| The Republic of Buryatia | 301 | |
| Vladimir region | 492 | Until 2005 - 092 |
| Volgograd region | 844 | |
| Vologda Region | 817, 820 | 820 - Cherepovets and Cherepovets district |
| Voronezh region | 473 | Before 2005 - 073 |
| The Republic of Dagestan | 872 | |
| Jewish Autonomous Region | 426 | |
| Sverdlovsk region | 343 | |
| Ivanovo region | 493 | Before 2005 - 093 |
| The Republic of Ingushetia | 873 | |
| Irkutsk region | 395 | |
| Kabardino-Balkaria | 866 | |
| Kaliningrad region | 401 | Until 2005 - 011 |
| Republic of Kalmykia | 847 | |
| Kaluga region | 484 | Until 2005 - 084 |
| Kamchatka Krai | 415 | |
| Karachay-Cherkessia | 878 | |
| Republic of Karelia | 814 | |
| Kemerovo region | 384 | |
| Kirov region | 833 | |
| Komi Republic | 821 | |
| Kostroma region | 494 | Until 2005 - 094 |
| Krasnodar region | 861, 862 | 862 - Sochi |
| Krasnoyarsk region | 391 | |
| Republic of Crimea | 365 | Until 1995 - 065, until 2015 - +380 65 |
| Kurgan region | 352 | |
| Kursk region | 471 | Before 2005 - 071 |
| Leningrad region | 813 | |
| Lipetsk region | 474 | Before 2005 - 074 |
| Magadan Region | 413 | |
| Mari El Republic | 836 | |
| The Republic of Mordovia | 834 | |
| Moscow | 495, 498, 499 | Until 2005 - 095. Code 498 in New Moscow. |
| Moscow region | 495, 496, 498 | Until 2005 - 096. Codes 495 and 498 in cities and areas adjacent to the Moscow Ring Road. |
| Murmansk region | 815 | |
| Nizhny Novgorod Region | 831 | |
| Novgorod region | 816 | |
| Novosibirsk region | 383 | |
| Omsk region | 381 | |
| Orenburg region | 353 | |
| Oryol Region | 486 | Until 2005 - 086 |
| Penza region | 841 | |
| Perm region | 342 | |
| Primorsky Krai | 423 | |
| Pskov region | 811 | |
| Rostov region | 863 | |
| Ryazan Oblast | 491 | Until 2005 - 091 |
| Samara Region | 846, 848 | 848 - Tolyatti, Zhigulevsk and Stavropol region |
| Saint Petersburg | 812 | |
| Saratov region | 845 | |
| Sakhalin region | 424 | |
| North Ossetia-Alania | 867 | |
| Sevastopol | 869 | Until 1995 - 069, until 2014 - +380 69 |
| Smolensk region | 481 | Before 2005 - 081 |
| Stavropol region | 865, 879 | 879 - Caucasian Mineral Waters |
| Tambov Region | 475 | Until 2005 - 075 |
| Republic of Tatarstan | 843, 855 | 855 - Naberezhnye Chelny and eastern regions of the republic |
| Tver region | 482 | Until 2005 - 082 |
| Tomsk region | 382 | |
| Tula region | 487 | Until 2005 - 087 |
| Tyva Republic | 394 | |
| Tyumen region | 345 | |
| Udmurtia | 341 | |
| Ulyanovsk region | 842 | |
| Republic of Bashkortostan | 347 | |
| Khabarovsk region | 421 | |
| Khakassia | 390 | |
| Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug | 346 | |
| Chelyabinsk region | 351 | |
| Chechen Republic | 871 | |
| Transbaikal region | 302 | |
| Chuvash Republic | 835 | |
| Chukotka Autonomous Okrug | 427 | |
| The Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) | 411 | |
| Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug | 349 | |
| Yaroslavl region | 485 | Until 2005 - 085 |
Non-geographic codes
Telecommunication service access codes
| Code | Purpose |
|---|---|
| 800 | Free calls |
| 801 | Call with automatic alternative payment |
| 802 | Call by credit card |
| 803 | Televoting |
| 804 | Universal access number |
| 805 | Calling with a prepaid card |
| 806 | Call by payment card |
| 807 | Virtual private network |
| 808 | Universal Personal Area Network |
| 809 | Service at additional cost |
| 881–899 | Reserve |
| 970 | Access to data communication services |
| 971 | Access to telematic communication services |
Numbering in non-geographic DEF codes
On March 28, 2005, new Rules for connecting telecommunication networks and their interaction came into force. One of the requirements of the rules was the need for mobile operators to use numbering in non-geographical codes (DEF). Thus, all operators that served mobile phones with numbers in geographic codes (so-called “direct” numbers) were forced to convert them to non-geographical codes (9xx). For example, Moscow numbers of MTS were transferred from code 495 to code 985, and MegaFon - from code 495 to 925. Direct city numbers remained as a means of forwarding to main numbers with DEF type codes. The transition mainly affected Moscow and St. Petersburg, where there was a practice of pure direct numbers that never had a non-geographic synonym. Also, Voronezh “Kodotel” (now part of Tele2) replaced the code 473 with the federal 952.
Mobile codes
Mobile operators have codes in the 9xx zone. The MegaFon group has codes 92x and 93x, MTS - 91x and 98x. In addition, the third digit of MegaFon and MTS is the same in most regions: 911 and 921 in the North-West, 916 and 926 in Moscow, and so on.
Beeline has a less clear structure of the codes allocated to it. Initially, the company tried to refrain from making any changes to subscriber numbers. For this reason, number ranges with the same DEF code can be distributed across many regions. However, a number of codes are allocated exclusively for Beeline. For example, operators who had numbers in code 903, on the instructions of the ministry, released them for Beeline, receiving ranges in code 902. Also, DEF codes 96x were assigned to Beeline.
Communication, communication, radio electronics and digital devices
Long-term numbering plan for the Unified Energy System of the Russian Federation. Differences between numbering in ATP and numbering in GSM. Prospects for the development of the numbering plan. The numbering system is understood as a set of rules that allow one to identify networks, their fragments, as well as calling and called users.
9. Long-term numbering plan for the Unified Energy System of the Russian Federation. Differences in numbering in ATP, numbering in GSM . Prospects for the development of the numbering plan.
Under numbering systemis understood as a set of rules that allow identifying networks, their fragments, as well as calling and called users.
In telephone networks, the term “number” is used to designate that sequence of numbers and symbols that uniquely determines the location of connection to the network of the terminal, PBX, call center and other devices.
Numbering plan defines the format and structure of the number to be dialed caller to establish the required connection.
The decimal digits defined by the numbering plan are usually segmented into groups that allow information to be distinguished pertaining to the country, the network, and the terminal of the subscriber, PBX operator, or call center.
The numbering plan does not include prefixes and other additional information necessary to establish a connection. Prefixes and additional information are defineddialing rules.
Prefix in general case consists of one or more digits. It determines the structure of the further typed set of numbers and symbols. It is customary to distinguish prefixes for long-distance and international communications. In the Russian PSTN, the number “8” and the combination “8-10” are currently used as these prefixes, respectively, the prefix for the emergency call access service is “0” (In Europe, “0”, “00”, “1”, respectively).
The numbering plan for the international telephone network is outlined in the recommendations ITU-T series E. Basic information for PSTN is contained in recommendation E.164.
The numbering plan in telecommunications networks and the frequency spectrum in radio communications have a number of similarities. Both are examples of the use of limited resources. After these resources are exhausted, it is necessary to master new ranges (numbering and spectrum, respectively).
The current numbering plan of the Unified Energy System of the Russian Federation
The numbering plan used in the domestic PSTN is determined by a number of guidelines adopted by the Russian Communications Administration. The main one of these documents is “Numbering system and plan on communication networks of the 7th world numbering zone" This guidance document was approved in 1999. The name includes the words “7th Worldwide Numbering Zone”. This is due to the fact that ITU-T highlighted the number "7" as international code for communication with the telephone network of the former USSR.
Examples of numbers used in the Unified Energy System of the Russian Federation:
National subscriber number in the Russian PSTN: ABC ab xxxxx
Subscriber number for non-geographic numbering plan: DEF de xxxxx
Numbering for access to emergency and information help desks:
0 Y or 0 YZ ; in perspective 1 mn.
The national subscriber number of the Russian PSTN consists of ten digits. It is usually designated as follows: ABC ab xxxxx .
Code ABC “tied” to the territory of the subject of the Federation. For this reason, it is sometimes called a geographic numbering code. Most subjects of the Federation are allocated one code ABC . The numbers “1”, “2” and “0” cannot be used as the values of the letter A; no restrictions are imposed on the values B and C (currently codes are used for Russian zonal networks ABC , starting with numbers 3, 4 and 8).
In the new official documents of the Russian Communications Administration, which relate to changes in the numbering plan in the PSTN, the code ABC refers to a geographically defined numbering area.
The number ab xxxxx is called full local subscriber number. It always consists of seven digits for long-distance and international communications. With local telephone communication a five- or six-digit numbering plan may also be used. In this case, for incoming long-distance and international calls, the digits a or a missing from the number b should be replaced by the numbers "2" or "22", respectively.
Local telephone networks use two types of numbering systems:closed and open.
When closed The numbering system within the local network (with the exception of access to emergency and information services) always dials the same number of digits. Always used in GTS closed system numbering.
Open The numbering system is used in the STS. There are two options for open numbering - with an exit index and without an exit index. The exit index allows you to distinguish a connection within the exchange from a connection established with another station. In a system without an exit index, the difference between calls is determined by analyzing the dialed digits.
Differences in numbering for mobile communications:
- Non-geographic codes are used
- To different operators separate pools of subscriber numbers are allocated
- Need to support terminal mobility features
- Possibility of accessing terminal identification data
- Relevance of a number of new services
Numbering system for mobile communication systems:
At the end of the 20th century, the intensive development of cellular networks and the formation of effective demand for some services supported by the Intelligent Network began. This stimulated the introduction of non-geographical codes, which are usually denoted in Latin letters DEF . This emphasizes their difference from codes ABC , determined taking into account the geographical location of the subject of the Federation (otherwise the numbers are similar).
DEF codes assigned to geographically undefined numbering zones.A closed decimal numbering system has been introduced for subscribers.
Every DEF code , allocated to the Mobile Network Operator (the operator is allocated a pool of numbers), allows - theoretically - to numbereight million users. It is essential that this capacity can be distributed throughout the entire territory, the boundaries of which are determined by the license issued to the Operator. Currently the symbol value is D for cellular networks the number "9" is usually used.
For telecommunications services and some other applications, non-geographic code DEF carries information defining the nature of the call service. Seven digits following the code DEF , are interpreted as a logical number, which usually has nothing to do with the location where any terminal is connected to the PSTN.
IN in this case You need to support mobility (roaming and handover). Restrictions: mobile communications cannot be used in seas, oceans, on airplanes, or in areas where there is no reception.
For ATP services, a group of numbers starting with “1” has been allocated (112 emergency service), additional characters “*”, “#” are also used for short numbers (*100#).
Prospect for the development of the ATP numbering plan:
- Transition to 15-digit numbering
- For 4th and 5th generation networks integration of telephony numbering plan and data transmission.
Numbering in GSM
1) IMSI identifier from recommendation E.212, has the format:
MCC (3) MNC (2 or 3) MSIN (9,10)
MCC country, MNC home network, MSIN subscriber. NMSI combines NMC and MSIN personal number, which is registered in the phone.
Only 12 or 13 digits.
Administration The NMC is responsible for the national communications governors.
The operator is responsible for the MSIN.
2) TMSI: An alias that uses the VLR to protect subscriber privacy. Used as a replacement for IMSI to make it difficult to identify a subscriber in GSM. Has local significance network administrator determines its structure, part of TMSI is tied to the current time.
3) MSISDN number that the caller dials.
Has the structure: CC (N) ND + CSN (15-N)
CC defines the country or geographic region, NDC defines the zone, SN subscriber terminal.
4) MSRN
For incoming call, serves as an identifier for routing the call from the gateway switch to the serving switch.
5) IMEI ID
Serial number, stored in subscriber device, which indicates the manufacturer, country, certificate.
Features of numbering in the Russian telephone network
A number of mistakes were made when developing the Russian PSTN numbering system and plan. Some errors are discussed in this section. First of all, it is advisable to consider the difference in numbering plans in Russia and in other European countries. It should be emphasized that in the coming years it is planned to bring the Russian PSTN numbering plan into full compliance with European standards:
Prefix for accessing the long-distance network: Russia 8, Europe 0
Prefix for accessing the international network: Russia 8-10, Europe 0-0
First digit of access to emergency services: Russia 0, Europe 1
It is obvious that the numbering principles for the three listed positions are different. In fact, the differences are more significant, since the numbering aspects are closely related to the principles of PSTN connection establishment.
The generally accepted approach involves the accumulation of all dialed digits in the RATS.
After analyzing these figures, RATS selects optimal route to establish a connection. RATS in the Russian PSTN - after dialing the prefix for long-distance access telephone network- does not participate in choosing a route to establish a connection.
When establishing a connection through a mobile switching center ( M.S.C. ) using type number 8 - DEFdexxxxx Call routing in the Russian and hypothetical European PSTN is carried out differently.
In the domestic PSTN, after dialing the prefix “8”, the path to the telephone exchange is connected. Further, it is the intercity station that performs routing functions.
In a hypothetical European PSTN number DEFdexxxxx analyzed in RATS. Next, the connection can be established via a direct trunk beam between the RATS and M.S.C.
The example under consideration is related to another feature of the Russian PSTN, caused by a deviation from international norms. It's about on choosing a long-distance (long-distance and/or international) operator.
By analyzing all the digits of the dialed number in RATS, the implementation of Operator selection functions is simplified. Typically, end device categories are used for this purpose.
In the Russian PSTN, due to previously made decisions on servicing calls starting with the number “8”, this approach is very difficult to implement. At the initial stage of introducing functions relating to the selection of the Operator long distance communication, an additional prefix is used, which is dialed after the number “8”.
As a rule, deviations from international standards lead to an increase in the Operator's costs, which are associated with the reconstruction of the PSTN necessary to support new types of services.
Long-term numbering plan for the Unified Energy System of the Russian Federation
A long-term numbering plan was developed for the PSTN taking into account all the new requirements associated with telephone services. The main reasons for changes in the Russian PSTN numbering plan can be summarized as follows:
- integration with European and global infocommunication systems implies making some changes to the numbering plan;
- The growth in the capacity of some telephone networks stimulates an increase in the number of digits that form a local number, which gives rise to a number of problems for large networks;
- active development mobile communication networks require the allocation of a significant resource of PSTN numbering capacity;
- the need to provide the subscriber with the opportunity to choose an Operator when establishing long-distance and international connections;
- Liberalization of the infocommunications market also requires the allocation of PSTN number capacity resources to new Operators.
- the provision of some types of services is focused on non-geographical codes that were not previously provided for;
- integration processes in telecommunications stimulated the development of a concept known by the acronym ENUM
The Special Commission of the European Community has developed a forward-looking numbering plan that takes into account the requirements characteristic of an infocommunication system at the beginning of the 21st century.
One of important features The long-term numbering plan is that it takes into account the numbering needs of the so-called global services ( GlobalServices ). This new concept was introduced for those types of services that, as a rule, are not related to the geographical location of the subscriber or call center.
A typical example of a global service is mobile satellite communications. All existing networks mobile communications provide service over a relatively small part of the globe's surface. They are not intended for communication in seas and oceans (as well as on some large rivers), as well as on aircraft. Mobile system satellite communications free from these shortcomings.
The long-term numbering plan takes into account the need to expand PSTN capacity, which is characteristic of a number of countries. The problem is solved by increasing the number of digits in the full (international) subscriber number.
Features of the long-term numbering plan:
International number for geographical areas: SS NDC SN
CC country code (N) NDC area code SN subscriber number (last two 15- N). Only 15 digits.
International number for global services: CC GSN
CC country code (3) GSN (12) global subscriber number. Only 15 digits.
For Russia, one digit of the country code is allocated - seven. This means that the national number can be up to fourteen digits long. Let us remind you that previously the length of this number was ten digits.
National area code ( NDC ) is determined by three digits. Therefore, a local subscriber number can contain up to eleven digits.
Let’s assume that seven digits are enough for a local number in the Russian PSTN (this is exactly the number of characters used in large telephone networks). Then you can use up to four digits to select the Long Distance Operator.
The bottom fragment illustrates the structure international number for global services. The country code in this case always consists of three digits. It means that maximum length global subscriber number ( GSN ) is twelve digits.
The functionality of the future numbering plan can be fully realized only in the digital PSTN. However, some new PSTN services may be introduced before the digitalization process is completed.
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- Application. Russian system and numbering plan
Order of the Ministry of Information Technologies and Communications of the Russian Federation dated November 17, 2006 N 142
"On approval and implementation of the Russian numbering system and plan"
With changes and additions from:
December 29, 2008, July 15, 2011, June 15, 2012, November 20, 2013, April 18, 2014, April 5, 2016
5.2. Bring in accordance with the Russian system and numbering plan the Register of operators occupying a significant position in the communication network common use, regarding the names of geographically defined numbering zones.
6. Send this order to state registration to the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation.
7. Control over the implementation of this order is entrusted to the Deputy Minister of Information Technologies and Communications of the Russian Federation B.D. Antonyuk.
|
L.D. Reiman |
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The Russian system and numbering plan have been approved.
The Russian numbering system establishes requirements for the structure of digital, alphabetic, symbolic designations or combinations of such designations, including codes intended to uniquely define (identify) a communication network and (or) its nodes or terminal elements, as well as requirements for the use of such designations in combination with indicators allowing selection various formats numbers, telecom operators or communication services. Requirements for the numbering structure are established for telephone and telegraph communication networks, including the Telex network, included in the public communications network.
Fixed telephone networks in the Russian Federation use two numbering plans - open and closed. With a closed numbering plan, a telephone connection of any type (local, intrazonal, long-distance) is established by dialing a national (significant) number. In the Russian Federation, when establishing an intrazonal telephone connection, a closed numbering plan is used, in which the number of decimal places in the national (significant) number is 10. With an open numbering plan, a local telephone connection is established by dialing a local number, and intrazonal and long-distance telephone connections are established by dialing a national (significant) number. numbers with the prefix Mon.
The Russian numbering plan establishes the assignment of codes and numbering resources to numbering zones, communication networks and telecommunication services. The numbering plan for telephone and telegraph communication networks is formed according to the zonal principle, according to which each numbering zone is assigned a three-digit code.
The introduction of the Russian Federation system and numbering plan is planned to be carried out in stages: Stage I (2007) - transition to the use of a closed numbering plan when establishing intra-zonal telephone connections and exclusion from the numbering plans of local telephone networks telephone numbers with the first digit equal to "1"; Stage II (2008) - transition to using "Pn = 00" when establishing international telephone connections and "Pn = 0" when establishing intra-zonal and long-distance connections, transition to using numbers like "1UV(x_1(x_2)" for access to emergency operational services, reference and information services of telecom operators and special services local telephone networks; Stage III(2009) - transition to the use of a closed numbering plan when establishing local telephone connections.
By January 1, 2007, it is planned to bring it into compliance with Russian system and the numbering plan of previously issued decisions on the allocation and change of numbering resources.
