Where to find the Network and Sharing Center. Network and Sharing Center
We continue to analyze the Windows 10 operating system. Today we will talk about the Network and Sharing Center, where you can configure the Internet, Wi-Fi, or create a new connection. Go to the network control center and shared access possible in two ways. The first method, in the taskbar, in the lower right corner of the screen, click right click mouse over the Internet icon or Wi-Fi indicator. In the window that opens, click on the value – .
The second method is to click on the Start button in the lower left corner of the screen. In the window that opens, click on the tab - Options.
On the Network and Internet page, on the Wi-Fi tab, at the bottom of the page, click on the tab - Network and Sharing Center.
In the Network and Sharing Center, you can:
– Create and configure a new connection or network. Set up a broadband, dial-up, or VPN connection. Setting up a router or access point.
– Troubleshooting. Diagnose and fix network problems or get troubleshooting information.
From the Network and Sharing Center, you can also change the adapter settings. On the left sidebar, click on the tab – Change adapter settings. On the page that opens, right-click on the connection you need. In the window that opens, you can use the following commands:
– Disconnect connection.
– Find out the status connections.
– Set up a bridge.
– Create a shortcut.
– Delete connection.
– Rename the connection.
– View properties connections.
In the Network and Sharing Center, you can - Change Extra options public access, to do this, click on the corresponding tab in the sidebar. Here you can set parameters for private network, guest and public network. For example, if you are using a public network, then it is better to - Disable network discovery And Turn off file and printer sharing. Because enabling these settings on a public network may pose a security threat to your computer and all the files on it.
Nowadays, every user is faced with the question of setting up a network in the Windows 7 operating system. If you home user- someday you will be faced with the task of setting up an Internet connection, synchronizing with game console XBOX, and if you have several units at home computer equipment, then in any case you will have to set up a wired or wireless network, and one computer will have to distribute the Internet to all the others. In case you are working system administrator small office, you will need to set up a network with static or dynamic addresses. Unfortunately, many users usually try to set up a local network without having the skills to work with network technologies, and therefore carry out the settings at random, which causes them to have many problems during subsequent work. This series of articles is dedicated to various configuration methods local network, terminology, as well as connections to the World Wide Web.
Often, setting up a local network in operating systems Windows Vista,Windows 7, Windows Server 2008/2008 R2 starts with this configuration area network properties, as a component. With help of this product network configuration, you can select a network location, view a network map, set up network discovery, file and printer sharing, and configure and view the status of your current network connections. In this article you will learn about managing this component.
Opening the Network and Sharing Center component
In order to use the functionality of the network configuration tool, you first need to open it. To open a window "Network and Sharing Center", do one of next steps:
The following illustration shows the window "Network and Sharing Center":
Rice. 1. “Network and Sharing Center”
Network location concept
Before you start working with this component, you should understand such a concept as network location. This setting is set for computers when they first connect to a network, and during the connection, firewall and security settings are automatically configured for the type of network to which you are connecting. Unlike the Windows Vista operating system, which uses the most restrictive firewall profile for network hosting for all network connections, operating system Windows 7 supports several active profiles, which allows you to most securely use multiple network adapters connected to various networks. There are four types of network location:
home network . This network location is intended for computer use in the home or on networks where users know each other very well. These computers can create and join home groups. For home networks, network discovery is automatically enabled.
Enterprise network. This network location is used in a small office hose (SOHO) network. This network location also has network discovery enabled, but you cannot create or join a computer to home group.
Community Network . This network location is intended for using the computer in public places such as coffee shops or airports. This is the most restrictive placement and has homegroup join and network discovery disabled by default.
Domain network . If the computer is joined to a domain Active Directory, then the existing network will be automatically assigned a network location type "Domain". Domain type network location is similar work network, except that in the domain the configuration Windows Firewall, network discovery, and network card determined group policy.
The network locations available for user selection can be seen in the following illustration:
Rice. 2. Select a network location
Network map
Network map is graphical representation location of computers and devices, which allows you to see all the devices on your local network, as well as how they are connected to each other. In the window "Network and Sharing Center" Only the local part of the network card is displayed, the layout of which depends on the existing network connections. The computer on which the map is being created is displayed in the left top corner. Other computers on the subnet appear on the left. Infrastructure devices such as switches, hubs, and gateways to other networks appear on the right. You can see an example of a network map in the following illustration:
Rice. 3. Example of a network map
Two components are responsible for the operation of the network map in operating systems:
Link Layer Topology Discover Mapper (LLTD Mapper) - a component that requests devices on the network to include them in the map;
The LLTD (Link Layer Topology Discover Responder - LLTD Responder) responder is a component that is responsible for requests from the LLTD Mapper component.
By default, the network map can only be viewed for locations "Home network" or "Enterprise network". When trying to view the network map for locations "Domain network" or "Public Network" you will see the following message:
Rice. 4. Trying to view the network map for the location of the domain network
To enable network mapping on a domain network, you need to do the following on your domain controller:
Rice. 5. Modify Group Policies to Enable Network Mapping
Rice. 6. Network map for domain network location
- Open the snap "Group Policy Management";
- Select a GPO (for example, Default Domain Policy, scope - the entire domain) that will apply to a computer located in the domain network, right-click on it and select the command from the context menu "Change";
- In snap "Control Editor" group policies» unfold the knot Computer Configuration/Policies/Administrative Templates/Network/Link Layer Discovery and select a policy "Enables the I/O mapping driver (LLTDIO)";
- In the properties of the policy setting, set the radio button to the option "Turn on" and check the box "Allow operation for domain";
- Repeat similar actions for policy setting "Enable Responder Driver (RSPNDR)";
- Update your policy settings to client machine using the command gpupdate /force /boot;
- Update your network map. The result is shown in the following illustration:
Network connections
After installing the driver for each network adapter, operating room Windows system attempts to automatically configure network connections on local computer. All available network connections are displayed in the window "Network connections". A network connection is a set of data required to connect a computer to the Internet, local network, or any other computer.
Open window "Network connections" you can in any of the following ways:
Window "Network connections" are shown in the following illustration:
Rice. 7. “Network connections” window
When you select any network connection, you can do the following with it:
In the dialog box that opens "Windows Network Diagnostics" To troubleshoot problems, follow the steps in the wizard.
Checkboxes next to components indicate that these components are associated with the connection. The Network Connection Properties dialog box is shown below:
Rice. 11. Network connection properties dialog box
Conclusion
This article briefly introduces the components of the Network Properties Configurator for Windows operating systems - "Network and Sharing Center". The concepts of network location and network cards are considered, with the help of which the local part of the network card is displayed, the layout of which depends on the existing network connections. You've also seen the Network Connections window, which allows you to configure network connections on your local computer. In the next article, you will learn how you can configure clients, services, and network connection protocols using a graphical user interface.
One of the most important abilities of computers is transfer of information from one car to another. Thanks to this, almost endless possibilities open up for users, which everyone has long known about - entertainment, work, communication, and so on.
Many people are well aware of the existence of global and local networks. If we use the first one mainly for transmitting information over vast distances, then the second one is used for transmitting data among a small number of users. In this article we will take a detailed look at the local network, and also describe its creation and configuration in Windows 7.
General concepts
Local is the network to which merged 2 or more computers, usually located within an apartment or, say, a building. The machines can be connected to each other via network cables or wireless channel communications (usually WiFi).
In order for everyone separate computer could “see” anyone else, also connected to the local network, two rules must be observed. Firstly, all cars must be connected to one general device communications - router(you can do it without it - more on that a little later), which receives information from one computer and transmits it to another. Secondly, each of the machines must have unique network address . Compliance with these conditions is sufficient to connect many PCs into a simple local network.
It is also worth knowing that there are two ways (or types) of connecting computers - star And ring.
The first involves using a router (router, switch, hub - whatever is more convenient for you) as a communication device (the principle of operation was described above).
Network type " ring» does not require the use of such devices, however, for its operation, each computer must have at least two network cards. Roughly speaking, one of them will play the role of a receiver of information, the other - a sender.
This data will be enough for you to move on to the next part of the article.
Preparatory work
Before setting up a home or office local network, you must first prepare all computers and the communication line for work. If you are using wired router as a communication device, you will need connect to it network cables from each computer. If you are creating a home network using wireless router Wi-Fi, then just connect each machine to it.
Building a home local network like " Ring» will require cable routing according to the following diagram (using the example of 4 computers):
- Connect two cables to computer No. 1 into different network card sockets;
- Extend one of the cables to PC No. 2, the second - to PC No. 3;
- Connect the second cable in PC No. 2 to another free socket network card and throw it to computer No. 4;
- Do the same for PC No. 3, connecting it to a free board slot from PC No. 4.
You may notice that when connecting like " Ring“Each computer is connected by wires to only two neighboring ones. In our case, PC No. 1 does not have cable connection from PC No. 4.
By the way, setting up a network like “ Ring" May be done without wires, that is, via Wi-Fi. However, this will require that each computer not only be able to connect to Wi-Fi, but also have possibility of creating virtual point access so that other machines can connect to it. But we will not consider this option.
Setting up Windows
After connecting computers into a network using wires or Wi-Fi, you need to perform certain tasks on each of them settings, otherwise such a home network simply will not function normally. The whole point of customization is just to give each PC its own unique network address(connection settings on Windows example 7).
Start with any one computer:
Now almost the same thing needs to be done for each computer connected to your home network. There is one difference - in the IP address field the last number must be unique. Set, for example, on PC No. 2 the address - 192.168.0.2, on PC No. 3 enter 3 as the last digit, etc. right up to last computer on your home network.
By the way, if you want all computers on the network to be able to access the Internet, then you additionally need to fill in the fields “ Main gate" And " DNS server». The gateway and DNS can simultaneously be, for example, the address of your Wi-Fi router in case the latter is configured to work in global network. You can also enter the address of a computer connected to the Internet in these fields. In this case, the network settings of the latter must indicate that it allows other machines on the local network to use the Internet connection. But that is another topic.
Something else. When your computer connects to your local network, Windows 7 automatically asks where you would like it to be located. There are 3 options available - “ home network», « Enterprise network" or " Community Network" This choice depends on some network settings Windows - restrictions or permissions on the actions of other machines on the network in relation to yours. We won’t describe everything - just choose the first option “ home network».
How to check the connection
You can check whether computers “see” each other on the network using standard Windows tools, namely, with the help command line. To open it:
Do the same on all computers.
Video on the topic
This article will help you quickly answer any questions you may have. You can also study the entire material to get a complete understanding of network setup in Windows 7.
Introduction.
Purchasing an operating system Windows 7, the user must be prepared for the fact that sooner or later he will be faced with the task of setting up a network in the operating system. For some, this task is not difficult at all. Typically, installing and configuring a network in Windows 7 is next step immediately after installing Windows 7 ( If you have not yet installed Windows 7 and are not entirely sure of the necessary steps, then you should read this section: Installing Windows 7).
The network setup phase is required for the following steps after installation:
- downloading current antivirus software distributions from the Internet;
- loading latest versions video player, web browser;
- if necessary, download drivers from the network for some devices on your computer (if they were not downloaded and installed automatically, or if installation disks absent);
- use of an XBOX console;
- exchange of documents and fast access To shared resources several computers or laptops. In this case, to use the Internet, you need to set up a wired or wireless network. As a rule, one computer or laptop serves as a kind of Internet distributor for all other pieces of computer equipment.
The same is true with MAC addresses and subnet masks. All these settings remain the same, they have long been familiar to users. Some changes only affected the interface of the Control Panel and its items through which network parameters are accessed. Everything else is without significant changes. This is another undoubted advantage of Windows 7. Users who previously used Windows XP will be able to understand the new operating system quite easily. As a rule, setting up a local network in such popular operating systems as Windows Vista, Windows 7, Windows Server 2008/2008 R2 begins with a component for configuring network properties such as “”.
This properties configuration tool allows the user to select a network location, set up printer and file sharing, and view a network map. You can also monitor the status of all your network connections. It is very convenient and practical.
How and where to open the Network and Sharing Center component.
Before you can use the full functionality to create network parameters, you need to find and open it. One of the following actions of your choice will help you open correctly active window « Network and Sharing Center»:
As you can see, if you are careful and read everything, then you should not have any problems finding the “Network and Sharing Center” component. It should be noted that to expand the ranges of used IP addresses in Windows 7, in addition to the previously existing IPv4 protocol, a new one was added - IPv6. True, providers have not yet enabled it, and when will this happen on this moment unknown. More likely, creators of windows 7 played ahead. 
Figure 1. The illustration shows the Network and Sharing Center window.
What does the network location of a computer mean?
Understand what " Network location", you need before you start working with this important component. For all computers, this setting is set automatically the first time they connect to the selected network. This also applies to the firewall and security settings of the network selected for connection. All of them are also configured automatically when you first connect your computer or laptop to the network.
The Windows 7 operating system supports several active profiles at the same time. This allows you to greatest security use multiple network adapters that can be connected to different networks.
By the way, Windows Vista uses the strictest firewall profile for all network connections. This may be why Vista is not as popular as Windows 7.
There are four main types of network locations:
| The first type is a home network. From the name itself it is clear that this network location is intended for a computer used at home. It is also used in networks in which all users know each other well. Such computers can not only create, but also join home groups. Typically, for the convenience of users when using home networks, network discovery is automatically enabled. Home networks provide all computers with high-quality network access. | |
| The second type is a network of an enterprise or organization. This type of network location also allows you to find the network automatically. The difference from a home network is that in an enterprise network it is not possible to join or create a computer to a home group. The network is intended exclusively for professional activity in an enterprise, organization or office. This type is called for short (SOHO), that is, it is used in a small office network. | |
| The third type is a public network. Cafes, airports, train stations and others public places- This is where computers use the third type of network location. By default, the ability to join home groups is disabled in this location. Network discovery is also disabled. Without exaggeration, we can say that this is the most strict arrangement. | |
| The fourth type is a domain network. The domain type of network location is almost no different from the work network. Except for the moment that domain type Network Discovery and Windows Firewall configuration are determined by Group Policy. This also applies to the network card. In order to existing network automatically received the “Domain” network location type; the computer just had to be joined to an Active Directory domain. Only in this case can the network become a domain network. |
Figure 2. Selecting the network location of the computer.Network map.
In order to see the location of all devices included in a specific local network, a network map is used. This is a graphical representation of the devices included in the network and the diagram by which they are connected to each other.
The network map can be seen in the same “Network and Sharing Center” window. True, only the local part of the network card is displayed here. Its layout directly depends on the available network connections. In the upper left corner you can see a display of the computer on which the map is being created. On the left you can see a display of the remaining computers included in the subnet.
Figure 3. Example of a network map.
You can view the network map at any time. True, only for locations such as “Home Network” and “Enterprise Network”. If the user gets curious to view the maps for the Domain Network or Public Network locations, he will see a message that the network message is disabled by default by the administrator. Network Administrator can enable mapping using Group Policy.
In Windows 7, not one, but two components are responsible for the operation of the network map. This Link Layer(Link Layer Topology Discover Mapper – LLTD Mapper). This one important component requests devices on the network to be included in the map.
Network connections.
In the window " Network connections"You can see the entire set of data that the user needs to connect the computer to the Internet, local network or any other computer from the home network.
This data is available for viewing only after all installations have been completed. necessary drivers for each network adapter on Windows 7 and after automatic configuration all network connections on a specific local computer or laptop.
There are several simple and available ways, with which you can easily and quickly open the window " Network connections»:
- Open the window " Network and Sharing Center" and follow the link " Change adapter settings"(see Figure 4);
Network and Sharing Center"." href="/upload/nastroika-windows-7/windows-7-nastroika-seti-img-7.png">
Figure 4. Open the window “ Network connections" through " Network and Sharing Center».
- Click the “Start” button and when the menu opens, enter “View network connections” in the search field. In the results found, select the “View network connections” application ( very convenient way);
- You can also use the classic keyboard shortcut Win+R. As a result, the “Run” dialog will open. In the "Open" field, which is located in the "Run" dialog box, you must enter next command: ncpa.cpl or control network connection. Having done this, you need to click the “OK” button.
Figure 5. Network Connections windowWindow " Network and Sharing Center» similar Windows window XP. All detailed information about the network connection can be obtained by selecting the “Properties” option for a specific network adapter (see Figure 6). In Windows 7, to set up a network connection in the Properties window, you need to select Internet Protocol Version 4. In the same window you can also make necessary settings gateways, subnet mask, DNS server, IP addresses, etc. All this information can be obtained from the provider that provides Internet access services.
Figure 6. detailed information about network connection.
Rename the network adapter.
The developers of Windows 7 made sure that by default the operating system itself assigns all network connections the names “Local Area Connection” or another option - “Connect to wireless network" If the user has more than one network connection on the computer, the system also assigns a number to the connection. There are three ways to rename the name of any of the connections you create.
- First way. Select the network connection and click on the “Rename connection” button located on the toolbar. After entering a new name, press the key Enter;
- Second way. Using the key F2: press, enter a new name and save using the same key Enter;
- Third way. To rename a network connection selected from the list, right-click on it, select the “Rename” command from the context menu that appears, rename and save the changes using the familiar key Enter;
Network status.
In addition to the ability to rename the connection, in this window you can also find out about the network status. Using this window, which is called “Network Status,” at any time you can not only view any data about the connection network, but also find out details such as MAC address, IP address and much other useful and interesting information.
There are providers that allow users to access the Internet using the MAC address of the network card. If for some reason the network card is changed or the entire computer is replaced, the MAC address will also change and Internet access will cease. For a new connection to the Internet, you must set the required physical address (MAC address).
How to see the MAC address of a network card in Windows 7?
To view the current MAC address, and full information about connection, you need to click right key mouse to connect to the local network, then select “Status” in the context menu that opens (see Figure 7).
Figure 8. How to change MAC address network card (network adapter).Network diagnostics.
If a situation arises where your network connection is experiencing problems. unexpected errors or failures, they can be eliminated using connection diagnostics. The diagnostic tool can be found in the Network Connections window.
Select the window " Troubleshooting”, which, analyzing the connection status, offers a choice possible malfunctions and troubleshooting methods. To start diagnostics, you need to right-click on the network connection and select the “Diagnostics” command in the context menu.
Figure 9. Opening the Local Area Connection Troubleshooting Wizard.
The second way to start checking your network connection settings is to select the desired network and click on the “Connection diagnostics” button. The button can be seen on the toolbar.
In the dialog box that opens, to diagnose the connection, just follow the steps of the wizard to troubleshoot errors and problems. Nothing complicated.
Disabling a network device (network adapter).
Sometimes situations arise when network connection problems are resolved not with the help of the error resolution wizard, but simple shutdown network adapter from the computer. This can be easily done by doing one of the following:
- Select a network connection and click on the “Disconnect” button network device", located on the toolbar;
- Right-click on the network connection and select “Disconnect” in the context menu that appears;
Conclusion.
The article details how to configure, connect and diagnose network connections.
If you have any doubts about your own network setup and connection capabilities, it is better to seek help from specialists, or carefully read the article again.
The Network and Sharing Center, as the name suggests, is needed to configure the Internet and protect content.
It is located in Windows 7 and Windows 8 (8.1, 10) in the same place, so there is no point in describing it separately.
To find it, just press start and enter the line in the search: “Network and Sharing Center.”
Immediately after this, you will see this section at the very top - after clicking it will open.
There are other ways in Windows 7 and Windows 8 to find it and start managing access and networks.
Find Network and Sharing Center through Control Panel
To use this method first.
Then find the line: “Network and Sharing Center” and click on it.
This is all. There you can, in addition to what the name implies, change the settings of the adapters: bluetooth, Wi-Fi and network cable.
However, this section is most often used for diagnostics - determining why the Internet has disappeared.
Another way to find out where the Network and Sharing Center is located
This is the method I use most often. Right-click on the network icon in the tray and click on the line that appears - Network and Sharing Center.
After this, you will immediately be transferred to this section or you can start diagnosing directly from there.
You can also create a new Internet connection - if you have cable, then you don’t need to create anything, just install the driver.
At the very bottom you can launch the utility for automatic correction problems. It is worth noting that standard means Windows is not very functional.
In general, if you are an administrator, then this is for admin work. Good luck.
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