What is 1 pound of length? Learn more about length and distance. What is "centimeter"

Foot/ … Morphemic-spelling dictionary

- (English foot, from German Fuss leg) a measure of length of various sizes in different countries. In Russia, 1 foot is 1/7 of a fathom, divided into 12 inches; The English foot is equal to the Russian foot. Dictionary of foreign words included in the Russian language. Chudinov A... Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language

A; pl. genus. ov, dat. am; m. [English] foot] 1. In the English system of measures and in Russia before the introduction of the metric system of measures: a measure of length equal to 12 inches (30.48 centimeters); length equal to this measure. Seven thousand feet above sea level. At a depth of a hundred... ... encyclopedic Dictionary

- “Fut N” Basic information Type of air target detection radar Country ... Wikipedia

- (Foot) measure of length. Foot = 12 in. or 30.48 cm, the same in 7 and 6 foot fathoms. In maritime affairs, F. is used to measure mainly small lengths, for example. shallow depths, short distances, dimensions and draft of ships, boats, spars, etc. With ... Marine Dictionary

- (English foot lit. foot),..1) A unit of length in the system of English measures, designated ft. 1 foot = 12 inches = 0.3048 m2)] Unit of length in the Russian system of measures. 1 foot = 1/7 fathom = 12 inches = 0.3048 m... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

FOOT, futa, rod. pl. feet and (obsolete) foot, man. (English foot leg, foot). English and Russian (before the introduction of the metric system of measures) measure of length, 1/7 fathom, equal to 30.5 cm. Dictionary Ushakova. D.N. Ushakov. 1935 1940 ... Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary

German length measure: 12 inches, seventh of a fathom. He's still two feet over the rogue. | Marine mortar machine. Futik, futik husband. folding, pocket foot, wooden folding measure divided into feet and inches. Foot, measuring one foot. Men's footstock... ... Dahl's Explanatory Dictionary

- (abbreviated ft), an outdated standard unit of measurement (0.3048 m), previously widely accepted in English-speaking countries. There are 12 inches in one foot. Currently, the foot and inch are almost out of use, replaced by metric systems, but still... ... Scientific and technical encyclopedic dictionary

FOOT, ah, gen. pl. ov, husband English and old Russian measure of length equal to 30.48 cm. Ozhegov’s explanatory dictionary. S.I. Ozhegov, N.Yu. Shvedova. 1949 1992 … Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary

Books

• Introduction to HR management. textbook. (translated from English), Foot M.. ...
• Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles. The Secret History of the Foot Clan, Eric Burnham, Santolouco Mateus. Demons, ninjas and the struggle for power in feudal Japan - why not the theme for a new comic book about the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles? Mateus Santoloco and Eric Burnham reveal for the first time the secrets of the ancient Foot clan and its...

The International System of Units (SI) was developed to make it easier to translate various measures and quantities into values ​​that everyone can understand. The meter was recognized as the standard of length. But in some countries, distances are still measured in miles, yards, feet and inches. Is it convenient? And how, for example, can you find out how many meters there are in a foot?

Length measure

People's lives are a series of changing time periods in which it is impossible to remain constantly in one place. To account for work, time, distances, it is required comparative system units. In each country it was invented based on the traditions, characteristics and realities of the area. When the need arose to develop foreign trade relations, they thought about introducing common standards for measuring quantities.

Length is one of the most important physical quantities. In the old days in Rus' it was customary to measure height in elbows and spans, in arshins and tops, and since the time of Peter I - in feet and inches. For most of us, these quantities are unfamiliar. Not everyone knows how many meters there are in a foot. Let's try to figure out why the metric system was not introduced in some countries?

Foot and meter: history

It is now difficult to say where these names came from. With foot (English foot) it is clearer: the word is translated as foot. According to one version, this measure arose in ancient times when measuring the feet. They say that once sixteen people leaving the temple in the morning after service were measured in this way. By adding up the total length of their left feet and dividing by 16, they found out the average value, which was recognized at that time as the standard of distance. It remains to be seen how they now determine how many meters there are in a foot.

There have been many attempts to tie meaning to some meaningful and constant value. Meter (metre from French and metrum from Latin) is defined as a measure. It was once calculated as one forty millionth of the meridian at the longitude of Paris. Now this value has been standardized and is defined as the distance traveled by a particle of light in a vacuum in a period of time that is a multiple of 1/299,792,458 of a second.

At one time, Napoleon conquered almost all of Europe, with the exception of Great Britain. In France, the meter was already in use at that time. With his arrival, new standards and rules spread across the occupied territories. England at that time did not support such innovations, did not submit to Napoleon, and therefore left the traditional number system on its territory (1 yard = 3 feet = 36 inches).

Almost all non-system units of distance measurement are tied to international system. But there are times when you have to convert one meaning to another. Such situations arise when we're talking about about quantities used in English-speaking countries, mainly the USA and Great Britain. In Canada, too, although the metric system is in effect, golf courses, football courses, swimming pool paths and pieces of fabric are still measured in yards the old-fashioned way.

The length of a foot in meters (in international units) is determined as the derivatives of X and the coefficient. For example, what needs to be done to determine how many meters there are in 1000" (a foot is indicated by a dash). This number must be multiplied by the specified coefficient: 1000 × 0.3048 = 304.8 m. Accordingly, 1 meter is equal to 0.3048 m.

The reverse conversion of feet to meters is carried out using the coefficient 3.2808 (for more accurate calculations 3.28083989501312). We divide the desired value of X in feet by this number and get the value in meters. For example, 1′ / 3.2808 = 0.3048 m.

Convenient measurements

Now there are problems with precise measurement there are no distances. But if you don’t have a ruler or tape measure at hand, knowledge of individual “live measurements” can be useful. What is meant? Even without knowing how many meters there are in a foot, you can easily calculate the distance using measurements of your body parts. If you measure the length of your arm from the tips of your fingers to the elbow in advance and remember the value, you can, if necessary, operate with a primitive half-meter measure.

The maximum distance between arms extended to the sides (machine fathom) is almost always the height of a person. There are a number of other divisors: the width of the palm, the greatest length of the segment between the thumb and middle finger, between the index and middle fingers when spread apart. You can choose any other landmark and use it with confidence if necessary. For reference: inch - 2.54 cm, foot - 30.48 cm, yard - 91.44 cm.

Often, both in fiction and in some specialized publications, you can find the length measurement value - feet. How many meters and centimeters are we used to? It is difficult to give a definite answer to this question. The thing is that it (the answer) depends on what kind of foot is meant - English, Roman, Russian or Hamburg.

You see how many of these quantities there are. In general, every more or less advanced country had its own foot.

In order to understand why such confusion occurs, let's just try to figure out what this word means, and then we will find out how many centimeters are in a foot.

So, in English this word is translated as foot, everyone knows this. What is your foot length? You will say that everyone's legs are different, and you will be right. But in ancient times people did not have anything specific to measure at hand. So they had to use their own body. They measured length in inches (thumbs), feet (feet), and yards.

I left with the last one interesting story. It was introduced into use by the English king Edgar, who reigned in 959-975. Without further ado, this monarch decided that one yard was equal to the distance from the tip of the royal nose to the middle finger of His Royal Majesty's outstretched hand. The will of the king is the law, so the whole country switched to new standard. But Edgar was not eternal, and the next monarch had different proportions. I had to change the length measure. Why are we talking about yards now, if before this we were talking about how many meters there are in a foot? So they are very closely related to each other. There are exactly 3 feet in one yard. In turn, the latter contains 12 inches.

Why exactly 12, and not the usual 10? After all, counting in tens is much easier. We have exactly 10 fingers on our hands, not twelve.

This, of course, is a completely different story, but it is also not without its originality. The fact is that 10 is divisible without a remainder only by 2 and 5, not counting one and itself, of course. But you can divide 12 by 2, and by 3, and by 4, and by 6. Do you feel the difference? That’s why when asked how many inches a foot is, you can confidently answer: “12.” And all these divisions and bindings were needed for only one thing - for international trade. If merchants brought it to London, they sold it in English feet. And when they brought English cloth to Russia, they were forced to carry out calculations in Russian measures of length.

And a foot is how many arshins or even fathoms? But we need to measure.

Today, due to globalization, almost all countries have long switched to SI. Of the major powers, only England is opposed, but it has also slightly unified its favorite foot. How much effort was spent to draw a parallel between the metric system and English measures of length? A lot, but whether it was worth it, or whether it would have been easier for everyone to switch to SI, is a separate question.

As a result of much debate and numerous measurements, it is now generally accepted that one international foot is equal to 0.3048 m. If you need to find out the length of a yard, simply multiply this number by three.

If we take shoe sizes, then a foot length of one foot corresponds to approximately 45.5 Russian size and 47 European size.

Although decimal system notation ( positioning system base 10 integer notation, one of the most common systems; it uses the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0, called Arabic numerals; it is assumed that base 10 is associated with the number of fingers on a person’s hands) is very common in modern life, and it is not uncommon to find English and American measures of calculation... The English system of measures is used in the USA, Myanmar and Liberia. Some of these measures in a number of countries differ somewhat in size, so below are mainly rounded metric equivalents of English measures, convenient for practical calculations.

Length measures

The variety and accuracy of modern measuring instruments is amazing. But what did our ancestors use in the absence of measuring instruments? To measure length, our ancestors used the measurements of their own body - fingers, elbows, steps...

One of the most common measures of length is the mile. The mile is used to measure the distance of air and land routes.

mile(from Latin mille passuum - a thousand double steps of Roman soldiers in full armor on the march) - a travel measure for measuring distance, introduced in Ancient Rome. The mile was used in a number of countries in ancient times, as well as in many modern countries before the introduction of the metric system. In countries with a non-metric system of measures, the mile is still used today. The mileage varies from country to country and ranges from 0.58 km(Egypt) to 11.3 km(old Norwegian mile). Back in the 18th century, Europe had 46 different units of measurement called miles.

British and American (statutory) mile = 8 furlongs = 1760 yards = 5280 feet = 1609.34 meters (160934.4 centimeters).

This unit of length is now commonly used in the United States to measure road length and speed.

Nautical mile- a unit of distance used in navigation and aviation.

According to the modern definition, adopted at the International Hydrographic Conference in Monaco in 1929, the International Nautical Mile is equal to exactly 1852 meters. The nautical mile is not an SI unit, however, according to the decision of the General Conference on Weights and Measures, its use is permitted, although not recommended. There is no generally accepted designation; Sometimes the abbreviations "NM", "nm" or "nmi" are used. nautical mile). It should be noted that the abbreviation “nm” coincides with the officially accepted designation of nanometer.

International nautical mile = 10 cables = 1/3 sea league

UK nautical mile before the transition to the international system (before 1970) = 1853.184 meters.

US nautical mile before the transition to the international system (before 1955) = 1853,248 meters or 6080.20 feet.

Foot(Russian designation: foot; international: ft, as well as ‘ - stroke; from English foot - foot) - a unit of length in the English system of measures. The exact linear value varies from country to country. In 1958, at a conference of English-speaking countries, participating countries unified their units of length and mass. The resulting “international” foot began to equal exactly 0.3048 m. This is what is most often meant by “foot” nowadays.

Inch(Russian designation: inch; international: inch, in or ″ - double stroke; from Dutch duim - thumb) - a non-metric unit of measurement of distance and length in some systems of measures. Currently, the inch usually means the English inch used in the USA, equal to 25.4 mm.

Yard(English yard) - British and American unit of measurement of distance. Nowadays a metric yard is equal to three metric feet ( 36 inches) or 91.44 cm. Not included in the SI system. There are several versions of the origin of the name and size of the yard. A large measure of length, called the yard, was introduced by the English king Edgar (959-975) and was equal to the distance from the tip of His Majesty's nose to the tip of the middle finger of his outstretched hand. As soon as the monarch changed, the yard became different - it lengthened, since the new king was of a larger build than his predecessor. Then, on the next change of king, the yard became shorter again. Such frequent changes in the unit of length created confusion. According to other versions, a yard is the circumference of the monarch's waist or the length of his sword. King Henry I (1100-1135) legalized a permanent yard in 1101 and ordered a standard to be made from elm. This yard is still used in England (its length is 0.9144 m). The yard was divided into 2, 4, 8 and 16 parts, called half-yard, span, finger and nail, respectively.

Line- a unit of distance measurement in Russian, English (English line) and some other systems of measures. The name came into Russian through Polish. linea or germ. Line from lat. līnea - linen twine; the strip drawn by this string. In the English system of measures, 1 line (“small”) = 1⁄12 inch = 2.11666666…mm. This unit was rarely used, since the technique used tenths, hundredths and thousandths (“mils”) of an inch. Measurements in biology and typography used this unit, abbreviating it as "(outside these areas, the line was designated as "', and " was and is used to denote the inch). The (large) lines measure the caliber of the weapon.

League(English League) - British and American unit of distance measurement.

1 league = 3 miles = 24 furlongs = 4828.032 meters.

The league value has long been used in naval battles to determine the distance of a cannon shot. Later it began to be used for land and postal affairs.

Measures of liquid and granular bodies

Basic measures:

Barrel(English barrel - barrel) - a measure of the volume of bulk substances and liquids, equal to a “barrel”. Used to measure volume in economic calculations and in some countries.

To measure the volume of bulk solids there was a so-called “English barrel”: 1 English barrel = 4.5 bushels = 163.66 liters. IN USA A standard liquid barrel is 31.5 US gallons, that is: 1 US barrel = 31.5 US gallons = 119.2 liters = 1/2 hogshead.

However, when measuring beer volume (due to tax restrictions), the so-called standard beer barrel, which is equal 31 US gallon(117.3 liters).

Also used in the United States is a unit called "dry barrel"(dry barrel), which is equal to 105 dry quarts (115.6 liters).

For the most frequently used concept of a barrel in the world (namely, for oil), there is a special measure that is different from all of those listed (Oil Barrel).

1 Oil barrel = 158.987 liters. International designation: bbls.

Bushel(English bushel) - a unit of volume used in the English system of measures. Used for measuring bulk goods, mainly agricultural, but not liquids. Abbreviated as bsh. or bu.

In the British Imperial System of Measures for bulk solids: 1 bushel = 4 pecks = 8 gallons = 32 dry quarts = 64 dry pints = 1.032 US bushels = 2219.36 cubic inches = 36.36872 l (dm³) = 3 pails.

In the American system of measures for bulk solids: 1 bushel = 0.9689 English bushels = 35.2393 L; according to other sources: 1 bushel = 35.23907017 l = 9.309177489 US gallons.

In addition, a bushel is a container for storing and transporting apples. In international trade, a bushel typically refers to a box weighing 18 kg.

Gallon(English gallon) - a measure of volume in the English system of measures, corresponding to 3.79 to 4.55 liters (depending on the country of use). Typically used for liquids, in rare cases - for solids. Submultiple units gallon - pint and ounce. US gallon is equal to 3.785411784 liters. A gallon was originally defined as the volume of 8 pounds of wheat. Pint is a derivative of gallon - one eighth I'm part of it. Later, other varieties of the gallon were introduced for other products and, accordingly, new varieties of pints appeared. America adopted the British wine gallon, defined in 1707 as 231 cubic inches, as a basic measure of liquid volume. This is where the American liquid pint was developed. The British corn gallon was also adopted ( 268.8 cubic inches) as a measure of the volume of granular bodies. This is where the American dry pint comes from. In 1824, the British Parliament replaced all versions of the gallon with one imperial gallon, defined as 10 pounds of distilled water at 62°F ( 277.42 cubic inches).

The difference between the American gallon and the English gallon is:

• US gallon ≈ 3.785 liters;
• English gallon = 4.5461 liters.

In the US, the standard liquid barrel is 42 US gallons, that is: 1 US barrel = 42 US gallons = 159 liters = 1/2 hogshead. However, when measuring beer volume (due to tax restrictions), the US uses the so-called standard beer barrel, which is equal to 31 US gallons (117.3 liters).

Ounce(lat. uncia) - the name of several units of measurement of mass, as well as two measures of volume of liquid bodies, one unit of measurement of force and several monetary units formed as a twelfth of another unit. The term comes from ancient Rome, where an ounce meant a twelfth of a libra. It was one of the main weight units of medieval Europe. Today it is used when trading precious metals - the troy ounce, as well as in countries where weight is measured in pounds (for example, the USA). Quart(English quart from Latin quartus - quarter) - a unit of volume used in the USA, Great Britain and other countries to measure bulk or liquid volumes, equal to a quarter of a gallon.

• 1 quart = 2 pints = 1/4 gallon.
• 1 US dry quart = 1.1012209 liters.
• 1 US quart for liquids = 0.9463 liters.
• 1 imperial quart = 1.1365 l.

Area measures

Acre(English acre) - a land measure used in a number of countries with the English system of measures (for example, in the UK, USA, Canada, Australia and others). Originally it denoted the area of ​​land cultivated per day by one peasant with one ox.

1 acre = 4 ore = 4046.86 m² ≈ 0.004 km² (1/250 km²) = 4840 square yards = 888.97 square fathoms = 0.37 dessiatines = 0.405 hectares = 40.46856 ar = 1/30 land yards = 1 /640 square miles

Township(English township - village, town) - an American unit of measurement of land area, which is a plot of land the size 6x6 miles = 36 sq. miles = 93.24 sq. km.

Hyde(English hide - plot, plot of land) - an old English land measure, originally equal to a plot of land that could feed one family, is 80-120 acres or 32.4-48.6 hectares.

Rude(English rood - piece of land) - land measure = 40 sq. gender = 1011.68 sq. m.

Ar(English are from Latin area - area, surface, agricultural land) - a land measure in the Anglo-American and metric system of measures, is a plot of land measuring 10x10 m and equals 100 sq. m or 0.01 hectares, in everyday life it is called “weaving”.

Cubic volume measures

Ton(English ton(ne), ton, tun from French tonne - large wooden barrel) - unit of measurement for various purposes. Before the adoption of the metric system, the ton measure was widely used in Europe and America as a measure of the capacity of bulk and liquids, a measure of weight and a land measure. In the Anglo-American system of measures, a ton is:

1. Measure of cubic volume

• Register ton(register) - unit of measurement of the capacity of merchant ships = 100 cu. ft = 2.83 cu. m.
• Freight ton(freight) - unit of measurement of ship cargo - 40 cu. ft = 1.13 cu. m.

2. Trade weight measure

• Large ton(gross, long) = 2240 lbs = 1016 kg.
• Small ton(net, short) = 2000 lbs = 907.18 kg.
• Ton in metric system defined in 1000 kg or 2204.6 lbs.

3. Old English measure of liquid capacity(tun) (mainly for wine and beer) = 252 gallons = 1145.59 l.

Standard(English standard - norm) - a measure of the volume of lumber = 165 cc ft = 4.672 cu. m.

Cord(English cord from French corde - rope) - a measure of the volume of firewood and round timber. Big(gross) cord is equal to a stack of firewood 4x4x8ft =128 cu.m. ft = 3.624 cu. m. Small cord (short) for round timber = 126 cc ft = 3.568 cu.m. m.

Stack(English stack - heap, pile) - English measure of the volume of coal and firewood = 108 cu. ft = 3.04 cu. m.

Loud(English load - load, heaviness) - a measure of wood volume, equal for round timber 40 cu. feet or 1.12 cu. m; for lumber - 50 cu. feet or 1,416 cu.m. m.

Measures rarely used in everyday life

Barleycorn(English barleycorn - barley grain) length of barley grain = 1/3 inch = 8.47 mm.

Mil(English mil, abbreviated from mille - thousandth) - a unit of measurement of distance in the English system of measures, equal to 1⁄1000 inch. Used in electronics and to measure the diameter of thin wire, gaps or thickness of thin sheets. Also denoted as th.

1 mil = 1⁄1000 inch = 0.0254 mm = 25.4 micrometers

Hand(hand; English hand - “hand”) - a unit of measurement of length in the English system of measures. Used to measure the height of horses in some English-speaking countries, including Australia, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, the United Kingdom and the United States. It was originally based on the breadth of the human hand. In English-speaking countries, abbreviations of this unit of measurement to “h” or “hh” are common.

hand = 4 inches = 10.16 cm.

Cheyne(ch) (English chain - chain) - an outdated British and American unit of distance measurement, equal to 20.1168 meters.

1 chain = 100 links = 1⁄10 furlong = 4 rods = 66 feet = 20.1168 meters

Furlong(Old English furh - furrow, rut, etc. long - long) - British and American unit of distance measurement.

1 furlong = ⅛ mile = 10 chains = 220 yards = 40 rods = 660 feet = 1000 links = 201.16 m.

5 furlongs are approximately equal to 1.0058 km.

The furlong is currently used as a unit of distance in horse racing in the UK, Ireland and the USA.

Hand(English hand - hand) - a measure of length, initially equal to the width of the palm, is 4 inches or 10.16 cm. Usually the palm of the hand is used to measure the height of horses.

Fathom(fathom) (English fathom from Anglo-Saxon fǽthm from German faden - to grasp) - a measure of length, originally equal to distance between the ends of the fingers of outstretched hands and amounts to 6 feet or 1.83 m. This measure is used mainly in maritime affairs to determine the depth of water and in mountain (mine) measurements.

El(English ell from Swedish aln - elbow) - an old English measure of length, perhaps originally equal to the length of the entire arm, contains 45 inches or 1.14 m, was used to measure fabrics.
Qubit(English cubit from Latin cubitus - elbow) - an old English measure of length, originally equal to the distance from the elbow to the end of the middle finger of the outstretched hand, contains from 18 before 22 inches or 46-56 cm.

Span(English span) - a measure of length, initially equal to the distance between the ends of the thumb and little finger, stretched in the plane of the hand, is 9 inches or 22.86 cm.

Link(English link - chain link) - a measure of length used in geodetic and construction work: 1 geodetic link = 7.92 inches = 20.12 cm; 1 construction link = 1 foot = 30.48 cm.

Finger(English finger - finger) - a measure of length equal to the length of the middle finger, contains 4.5 inches or 11.43 cm. To determine the depth of water, a measure equal to the width of a finger is used, containing 3/4 inch or 1.91 cm.

Neil(English nail - needle) - an ancient measure of length for fabrics, equal to 2 1/4 inches or 5.71 cm.

Cable(English cable’s length from the Gol. kabeltouw - sea rope) - a marine measure of length, initially equal to the length of the anchor rope. In international maritime practice, cable lengths are 0.1 nautical mile and is equal 185.2 m. IN England 1 cable contains 680 feet and equals 183 m. IN USA 1 cable contains 720 feet and equals 219.5 m.

Table of the most common English measurements

For convenience, basic English measures measurements are tabulated.

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1 foot = 0.3048 meter [m]

Initial value

Converted value

meter exameter petameter terameter gigameter megameter kilometer hectometer decameter decimeter centimeter millimeter micrometer micron nanometer picometer femtometer attometer megaparsec kiloparsec parsec light year astronomical unit league naval league (British) maritime league (international) league (statutory) mile nautical mile (British) nautical mile (international) mile (statutory) mile (USA, geodetic) mile (Roman) 1000 yards furlong furlong (USA, geodetic) chain chain (USA, geodetic) rope (English rope) genus genus (USA, geodetic) pepper floor (English) . pole) fathom, fathom fathom (US, geodetic) cubit yard foot foot (US, geodetic) link link (US, geodetic) cubit (UK) hand span finger nail inch (US, geodetic) barley grain (eng. barleycorn) thousandth of a microinch angstrom atomic unit of length x-unit Fermi arpan soldering typographical point twip cubit (Swedish) fathom (Swedish) caliber centiinch ken arshin actus (Ancient Roman) vara de tarea vara conuquera vara castellana cubit (Greek) long reed reed long elbow palm "finger" Planck length classical electron radius Bohr radius equatorial radius of the Earth polar radius of the Earth distance from the Earth to the Sun radius of the Sun light nanosecond light microsecond light millisecond light second light hour light day light week Billion light years Distance from the Earth to the Moon cables (international) cable length (British) cable length (USA) nautical mile (USA) light minute rack unit horizontal pitch cicero pixel line inch (Russian) inch span foot fathom oblique fathom verst boundary verst

Convert feet and inches to meters and vice versa

foot inch

m

More about length and distance

General information

Length is greatest dimension bodies. In three-dimensional space, length is usually measured horizontally.

Distance is a quantity that determines how far two bodies are from each other.

Measuring distance and length

Units of distance and length

In the SI system, length is measured in meters. Derived units such as kilometer (1000 meters) and centimeter (1/100 meter) are also commonly used in the metric system. Countries that do not use the metric system, such as the US and UK, use units such as inches, feet and miles.

Distance in physics and biology

In biology and physics, lengths are often measured at much less than one millimeter. For this purpose, a special value has been adopted, the micrometer. One micrometer is equal to 1×10⁻⁶ meters. In biology, the size of microorganisms and cells is measured in micrometers, and in physics, the length of the infrared electromagnetic radiation. A micrometer is also called a micron and is sometimes, especially in English literature, denoted by the Greek letter µ. Other derivatives of the meter are also widely used: nanometers (1 × 10⁻⁹ meters), picometers (1 × 10⁻¹² meters), femtometers (1 × 10⁻¹⁵ meters and attometers (1 × 10⁻¹⁸ meters).

Navigation distance

Shipping uses nautical miles. One nautical mile is equal to 1852 meters. It was originally measured as an arc of one minute along the meridian, that is, 1/(60x180) of the meridian. This made latitude calculations easier, since 60 nautical miles equaled one degree of latitude. When distance is measured in nautical miles, speed is often measured in knots. One sea knot equal to speed movement of one nautical mile per hour.

Distance in astronomy

In astronomy, large distances are measured, so special quantities are adopted to facilitate calculations.

Astronomical unit(au, au) is equal to 149,597,870,700 meters. The value of one astronomical unit is a constant, that is, a constant value. It is generally accepted that the Earth is located at a distance of one astronomical unit from the Sun.

Light year equal to 10,000,000,000,000 or 10¹³ kilometers. This is the distance that light travels in a vacuum in one Julian year. This quantity is used in popular science literature more often than in physics and astronomy.

Parsec approximately equal to 30,856,775,814,671,900 meters or approximately 3.09 × 10¹³ kilometers. One parsec is the distance from the Sun to another astronomical object, such as a planet, star, moon, or asteroid, with an angle of one arcsecond. One arcsecond is 1/3600 of a degree, or approximately 4.8481368 microrads in radians. Parsec can be calculated using the parallax effect visible change body position, depending on the observation point. When making measurements, lay a segment E1A2 (in the illustration) from the Earth (point E1) to a star or other astronomical object (point A2). Six months later, when the Sun is on the other side of the Earth, a new segment E2A1 is laid from the new position of the Earth (point E2) to the new position in space of the same astronomical object (point A1). In this case, the Sun will be at the intersection of these two segments, at point S. The length of each of the segments E1S and E2S is equal to one astronomical unit. If we plot a segment through point S, perpendicular to E1E2, it will pass through the intersection point of segments E1A2 and E2A1, I. The distance from the Sun to point I is segment SI, it is equal to one parsec, when the angle between segments A1I and A2I is two arcseconds.

On the image:

• A1, A2: apparent star position
• E1, E2: Earth position
• S: Sun position
• I: point of intersection
• IS = 1 parsec
• ∠P or ∠XIA2: parallax angle
• ∠P = 1 arcsecond

Other units

League- an obsolete unit of length previously used in many countries. It is still used in some places, such as the Yucatan Peninsula and rural areas of Mexico. This is the distance a person travels in an hour. Sea League - three nautical miles, approximately 5.6 kilometers. Lieu is a unit approximately equal to a league. IN English language both leagues and leagues are called the same, league. In literature, league is sometimes found in the title of books, such as “20,000 Leagues Under the Sea” - the famous novel by Jules Verne.

Elbow- an ancient value equal to the distance from the tip of the middle finger to the elbow. This value was widespread in the ancient world, in the Middle Ages, and until modern times.

Yard used in the British Imperial system and is equal to three feet or 0.9144 meters. In some countries, such as Canada, which adopts the metric system, yards are used to measure fabric and the length of swimming pools and sports fields such as golf courses and soccer fields.

Definition of meter

The definition of meter has changed several times. The meter was originally defined as 1/10,000,000 of the distance from the North Pole to the equator. Later, the meter was equal to the length of the platinum-iridium standard. Later the meter was equated to the wavelength orange line electromagnetic spectrum of a krypton atom ⁸⁶Kr in a vacuum, multiplied by 1,650,763.73. Today, a meter is defined as the distance traveled by light in a vacuum in 1/299,792,458 of a second.

Computations

In geometry, the distance between two points, A and B, with coordinates A(x₁, y₁) and B(x₂, y₂) is calculated by the formula:

Calculations for converting units in the converter " Length and distance converter" are performed using unitconversion.org functions.