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Installing Wine and running Windows programs on Ubuntu. Setting up and installing Wine on Ubuntu

Wine, for those who don't know, is a shell with which, You can run programs from the Windows operating system on Linux. At the moment, Wine supports a huge number of programs, of course, not all of them, and especially not new games like GTA 5, but nevertheless, with the correct settings, you can run almost any program, released a few years ago.

But working with Wine is not entirely convenient. To install this or that program, you will have to crawl through a bunch of forums and blogs to understand which packages need to be installed and which libraries to add. Then there is a long process of solving problems, installing packages through winetricks and manually configuring the registry and so on. This is all very difficult even for experienced users, not to mention beginners.

But there is a solution, even several. There are several shells for Wine that try to automate the process of installing programs - you select a program from the list of supported ones, the installer and the utility itself loads all the necessary libraries and packages. There are shells for wine such as PlayOnLinux, Crossover and lesser-known Qt4Wine, etc. But we won’t touch them today; enough has already been written about them on the Internet. We'll look at something new - WineWizard.

The official website of the program is wwizard.net. WineWizard is a new open source wrapper for Wine. With a new idea of ​​approach to business, and much better than all the previous ones. The main feature of WineWizard is its software installation solutions. To install a Windows program, you just need to launch winewizard, select the program installer, and then select the program from the list of supported ones.

This is where the differences from the usual PlayOnLinux and Crossover begin. Supported programs are solutions, and each user can create them. All solutions are synchronized to the program server and are available to everyone. Creating a solution is very simple; you don’t need to enter anything into the console or write scripts; you just need to select from the list the packages that are needed for the program to work. Then the program itself will download and install the necessary packages.

But the most interesting thing here is that the solutions that you created will be available to all users, and their solutions will become available to you. Thus, you will no longer need to search the forums for a very long time on how to launch this or that program; it is enough for someone to do everything and everyone will be able to use this solution without going into details. For each program a new prefix is ​​created and you can select the wine version. It is also very nice that you can choose the architecture.

Among the advantages of the program are support for mirrors for downloading packages, now many packages are taken from playonlinux, support for choosing a prefix architecture, advice after installing the program, which in case of failure can help solve the problem. Installing programs via Wine is very quick and easy if you already have solutions.

The program is completely new, so packages for it have not yet been compiled and it is not in the official repositories. To be more precise, there is currently a PPA for Ubuntu and a package in the AUR for ArchLinux, but the versions in these repositories are already outdated.

I think this will be fixed very soon, so I’ll still tell you how to install the program from a PPA, but it’s better to use another method and install from source.

To add a PPA to the system, use the command:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nightuser/winewizard

Now you can install:

sudo apt install winewizard

The program is ready to use. Well, now let's look at the assembly from source codes. To build the program, you need libraries and qt5 build tools installed on the system. You also need standard archiving utilities - unzip, cabextract, bzip2, tar, this is for the program to work.

Let's install Qt5 development tools on the system:

sudo apt install qt5-default

Let's install the necessary utilities:

sudo apt install unzip cabextract bzip2 tar

First, let's download the sources themselves:

git clone https://github.com/LLIAKAJL/WineWizard

Let's create the necessary directories:

cd WineWizard-version_number
$ mkdir build && cd build

Let's start the build:

qmake-qt5 ..
$ make

The last stage is installation. You can use the command:

sudo make install

Or use the checkinstall utility in Ubuntu:

checkinstall
$ dpkg -i WineWizard*

That's all, the program is installed and ready to use, now we will look at installing programs through wine using winewizard.

Installing programs in Wine using WineWizard

In this article we will look at working with WineWizard using the example of installing a popular program for checking the uniqueness of texts - Advego Plagiatus.

First, run the program from the main menu of the system, or by running the command in the terminal:

You will see this minimalistic main window in the form of a menu:

The whole point is that the program can hang in the tray and from there it will be very convenient to launch installed applications, it will be similar to the system menu.

To install the program, click the Install Application button.

In the next wizard window, you need to select the installer previously downloaded from the official website:

Next is the most interesting thing, what we talked about, the solutions. We need to choose a solution for our program. To do this, enter the name of the program in the search bar. In our case, we will install Advego Plagiatus linux:

We see a ready-made solution in the list; I have already created it, but most likely there will be no solution for the program you want to install. To create a new solution, click the Add button:

The solution will be created, but now all that remains is to edit it to indicate which packages need to be installed with the program; you can edit both the 64-bit and 32-bit versions separately. Click the Edit button for the desired version. The next window is divided into three parts, the left column is packages that will be launched without an installer, the middle column is available packages, and the right column is packages that will be installed before starting the program. Just drag the packages you need into the appropriate column; the left one will be more reliable. In the same window you can select the Wine version:

After applying the changes, all you have to do is click OK, then OK again. Then we select the prefix architecture:

Then the Advego Plagiatus Linux installation will start, I won’t describe the installer, everything is simple:





At the end we can run the program, the installation of programs in wine is completed:

And we see that everything works fine:

After completion, WineWizard will ask if the program is working correctly:

Not everyone has come to terms with the lack of Photoshop on Ubuntu, as well as a number of other useful programs or computer games available only for Windows. There is a way out for such people and it is called Wine. No, there is no need to wash down your grief! It’s better to learn how to install and configure Wine on Ubuntu, and then you can install on your system some of the software that you really miss.

Installing Wine will allow you to use Windows applications on Linux.

Wine is a special application that allows you to run Windows programs on Linux systems. This is a compatibility layer that uses Windows libraries and then replaces them with Linux system calls so that software developed for other systems will work. Today, several million people already use Vine and are quite satisfied. The developers release updates very often, so the program gets better year after year. Some craftsmen even manage to launch modern games through it.

Wine cannot be called an emulator, like VirtualBox. The creators tell us about this, “deciphering” the abbreviation through itself: W ine i s n ot e mulator (in smart words this is called a recursive acronym). A virtual machine is not created, the application simply implements the Windows API.

Installation and removal

Removal

It is important to know how to remove Wine. It doesn't always work properly. Some applications may be terribly slow or not launch at all. In this case, reinstalling the emulator to a newer version should fix the problem.

However, you need to remove not only Vine itself from your computer, but also the folder in your home directory. The easiest way to do this is with the commands:

sudo apt-get purge wine
sudo apt-get autoremove
sudo apt-get clean
sudo apt-get install -f
rm -f ~/.wine
rm ~/.local/share/applications/wine/Programs
rm ~/.local/share/applications/wine*

This way we will receive the remote directory along with the application itself.

Launching programs

There are different ways to run programs using Wine. The first, easiest one is through Nautilus:

  1. We find the software in the folder.
  2. Right-click on it.
  3. Select Wine as the program to launch.

The second, traditional one - through the terminal:

wine home/user/program.exe

Instead of home/user/program.exe, you must enter the path to the file that launches the application.

Where to get programs from?

We dealt with Vine. Now all that remains is to understand where to find this or that software. You won't find anything in the Ubuntu App Center, of course. Most users follow two paths:

  • look for assemblies on websites and forums;
  • use special shells.

Wrappers are applications that give Wine a graphical interface and allow it to load normal builds with all the necessary packages. Most Popular:

  • It contains not only games, but also many programs that are constantly being improved to perfection.
  • Paid and, as a result, a higher quality shell.
  • WineWizard. A new shell that has a slightly different approach. All successful solutions from different users are collected here, all you have to do is look for them.

Well, forums and websites offer a lot of different assemblies and instructions for installing games, office applications, and anything else. If you set a goal and spend a certain amount of time, you can install almost any game on Ubuntu. For example, there is a video where a user demonstrates installed Fallout 4, which for many Linux users seems like a fantasy and a pipe dream.

Now you are aware that installing Wine on Ubuntu can greatly smooth out the rough edges of this system and once again annoy greedy developers. You also know how to remove Wine, configure it and update it. It is quite possible that over time you will learn to install the necessary programs yourself without outside help.

Wine (WINE Is Not an Emulator) is a special program, a compatibility layer, for running Win32 applications on UNIX-like systems. Simply put, this thing allows you to run Windows programs and games in your cozy Linux :).
The program is actively developing, but so far, unfortunately, not all applications work correctly in it (and some do not work at all). It’s also sad with games - there is no full support for DirectX 10 and 11, only 9 and younger. (DirectX 10 support is being actively improved in the latest test builds). But nevertheless, there are a lot of games on DirectX 9. In this article, we will install and configure Wine, and also install the PlayOnLinux application, which is very useful for games. The installation will depend on your distribution, but the program setup itself is absolutely the same in the vast majority of distributions. There are two branches of Wine - stable and test. In most cases, it is recommended to use the test one, since the program is actively developing and improving. For now, let's look at installing the stable version (examples are for the command line, but you can use graphical utilities such as Ubuntu Software Center or Yast2 in OpenSUSE):

For Debian/Ubuntu/Mint:

sudo apt-get install wine winetricks

For OpenSUSE:

sudo zypper ar -r http://download.opensuse.org/repositories/Emulators:/Wine/openSUSE_13.1/Emulators:Wine.repo
sudo zipper in wine

sudo yum install wine
cd/tmp
wget http://www.kegel.com/wine/winetricks
chmod +x winetricks

Note. If you have a 64-bit system, then for 32-bit programs to work correctly (and most games are like that), you need to configure Wine with a 32-bit prefix. To do this we enter:

WINEARCH=win32 WINEPREFIX=~/.wine winecfg

The settings window will open. You can leave everything as is.

Now we need to install a set of system libraries for our Windows applications to work. In the programs menu, find and run Winetricks(or from the terminal with the command winetricks). In the first window we select ---Select the default wineprefix--- making money OK. In the second ---install a Windows DLL or component---OK


Remember:
You will need to mark with dots, as in the list. It is better to install not all at once, but several at a time. I'll separate them for convenience. Don't go too far when installing, you need to agree to license agreements and other things. Error windows will pop up, click OK. Let's begin.

directly play, dmsynth

dotnet20

dotnet30(errors will appear and a window will open in the file manager and in the browser, download from the second link and move the file manager to this window. Type in the console winetricks and again select dontnet30. Before doing this, you need to check the Wine Settings so that the version of Windows XP or Vista is installed.

dxdiagn, gecko120, gfw, mfc40, mfc42, msasn1, msxml6, gdiplus, physx, quartz

vb5run, vb6run, vcrun2003, vcrun2005, vcrun2008, vcrun6, vcrun6sp6

wmp10, wsh56vb, wsh57, xact, xact_jun2010, xinput

Let's install the fonts. Choose Install a Font and indicate

corefonts, fontfix

Registry settings

Opening Change Settings and celebrate

1. DirectDrawRender(ddr) -- opengl
2. Multisampling Direct3D -- enabled
3. OffscreenRenderingMode(orm) -- fbo
4. PixelShaderMode(psm) -- enabled
5. Render TargetLockMode(rtlm) -- auto
6. UseGLSL(glsl) -- enabled (default) (For Nvidia video cards, it is recommended to leave disabled. This can significantly improve the performance of some games).
7. VertexShaders(vsm) -- hardware
8. VideoMemorySize 1024 (select the RAM value of your video card)
9. MouseWarpOverride(mwo) -- enabled (force)
We confirm our changes - OK.

That's all. Now some notes on installing software and games. First of all, do not under any circumstances install additional software that the program offers (all sorts of directixes, visual c++, and so on). Check them carefully and if something happens, uncheck them. Secondly, at the end of the installation, uncheck “Run the program”.

Now regarding the test version. There is a special repository for Ubuntu/Mint. To connect it and install a test version of Wine, enter in the terminal:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-wine/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt install wine 1.7 winetricks

In some distributions (for example Debian), to install a test version, it must be compiled from source code. But this is beyond the scope of this article. Or you can install, which is also a test but has a few additional features.

P.S. For those who like to see once is worth reading a hundred times - a short video tutorial on installing a test version of Wine on Ubuntu:


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PUFBCHYN PUFBMSHOSHE OBUFTPKLY RP KHNPMYUBOYA.


reteipdyn L UELGYY YTYZhFPCH. h LFPC UELGYY NSCH NPTSE DPVBCHYFSH YTYZhFSCH, L LPFPTSCHN RTYCHSHHLMY H Windows. CHUE SING RTELTBUOP RPTFYTHAFUS CH wine RHFEN DPVBCHMEOYS OULPMSHLYI UFTPL. eUMY CHSC ЪBIPFFYFE DPVBCHYFSH YTYZhF, FP NPTSEFE DMS OBYUBMB ChPURPMSHЪPCHBFSHUS VYVMYPFELPK YTYZhFPCH, RTEDPUFBCHMEOOOPK CH DYUFTYVHFYCHE BNHMSFPTB. EUMY TSE CHBN YI YUYUMP RPLBCEFUS NBMEOSHLIN, FP, RPTsBMHKUFB, DPVBCHMSKFE UCHPY! oP OE ЪБВШЧЧБКFE, YuFP RTPVMEN X CHBU U YI KHUFBOPCHLPK OE VHDEF RTY RETEUFBOPCCHLE LPDYTPCHLY RP KHNPMYUBOYA ABOUT win1251. OP DMS LFPZP CHBN RTYDEFUS RPYUYFBFSH DPLHNEOFBGYA RP ZTBNPFOPK LYTYMMMYYBGYY Linux.


"Com1" = "/dev/ttyS0"
"Com2" = "/dev/ttyS1"
"Com3" = "/dev/ttyS2"
"Com4" = "/dev/ttyS3"
ъDEUSH, LBL CHSHCHYDYFE, OBUFTPKLY UETYKOSCHI RPTFPCH. lFP DMS FPZP, YUFPVSH YNEFSH DPUFHR L KHUFTPKUFCHBN, RPDLMAYUEOOOSCHN LOYN OERPUTEDUFCHOOOP YЪ wine.


"Lpt1" = "/dev/lp0"
fP CE DMS RBTBMMEMSHOSHCHI RPTFPCH, DMS TBVPFSH U RTYOFETBNY, LMAYUBNY L RTPZTBNNBN BCHFPNBFYYTPCHBOOPZP RTPELFYTPCHBOYS, OBLPOEG.


b LFP UELGYS OBUFTPKLY KHUFTPKUFCH, LPPTSHCHE RPDLMAYUEOSCH L LPNRSHAFETKH YOSCHNY URPUPVBNY, OE RTEDKHUNPFTEOOSHNY CH wine Y DMS KHUFBOPCHLY PVTBEEOYK L RPTTFBN CHCHPDB-CHSHCHPDB, RP ЪChPMSAEYI LPOFBLFYTPCHBOIE U KHUFTPKUFCHPN.


"FILE:" = "tmp.ps"
"LPT1:" = "|lpr"
UELGYS, ZDE ЪBDBOSH OBUFTPKLY UPЪDBOYS CHTENOOSCHI ZhBKMPCH, RTPNETSKHFPYUOSHI YYNETEOYK, CHCHYUYUMEOIK.


h LFPC UELGYY ЪBDBOSH OBUFTPKLY TBVPFSCH U TEEUFTPN. ъBDBOSH YNEOB ZHBKMPCH, LPFPTSCHE RTEDUFBCHMSAF TEEUFT, ЪBDBOSH OBUFTPKLY BCHFPUPITBOEOYS RTY DMYFEMSHOPN YЪNEOOYY TEEUFTB UTEDUFCHBNY EZP LPOZHYZHTYTPCHBOYS.


"WineLook" = "Win95"
ъDEUSH ЪBDBAFUS OBUFTPKLY CHOEYOEZP CHYDB TBVPYUEZP UFPMB wine. rTEDRPMPTSYN, YuFP OBU ЪBNHYUMB OPUFBMSHZYS RP READING windows 3.1. oE RTPVMENB! oEULPMSHLP NEFLYI OBTSBFYK O LMBCHYYY, Y CHPF RETED OBNY ZTBJYUEULYK YOFETZHEKU UFBTSCHI DPVTSCHI PLPYEL.


"Drivers" = "wineoss.drv"
"WaveMapper" = "msacm.drv"
"MidiMapper" = "midimap.drv"
rPUMEDOSS Y UBNBS YOFETEUOBS UELGYS: KHLBBOIE YNEO DTBKCHETPCH DMS RETEOBOBYEOYS CHCHPDB-CHSHCHPDB, DMS TBVPFSH NYDY-HUFTPKUFCH, DMS TBVPFSH RTPZTBNNOSHI UYOFEBBFPTP CH FBVMYG Y CHPPVEE DMS CHUEZP, YuFP RTYDKHNBEFE, IPFSH DMS KHUFTPKUFCH DYUFBOGYPOOPZP HRTBCHMEOYS CHBYN MAVINSCHN CHYODPCHSHCHN winamp’PN. iPFS Linux'PCHCHE RMEKETSH LTHUE :).
Wine NSCH KHUFBOPCHYMY, OBUFTPYMY - DBCHBKFE ЪBRKHULBFSH RTPZTBNNSHCH!

ъBRHUL RTYMPTSEOYK
th ChPF, OBLPOEG, FPF NNEOF, LPFPTPZP NSCH FBL DPMZP TsDBMY, - ЪBRHUL RTYMPTSEOYK.
lPZDB NSCH ЪBRKHULBEN RTYMPTSEOYE YUETE wine, NSCH NPTsEN UDEMBFSH LFP OUEULPMSHLYNY URPUPVBNY.
dBChBKFE VKhDEN ЪBRHULBFSH LBMSHLHMSFPT.
wine calc

winecalc.exe


bFP RETCHSHCHK URPUPV ЪBRKHULB RTYMPTSEOYK. oP OE UFPYF ЪБВШЧЧБФШ, УФП CHUE RTYMPTSEOYS NSCH FBL OE ЪBRKHUFYN, FBL LBL BNHMSFPT YI OE UNPTsEF OBKFY, B DMS LFK RTPZTBNNSH NSCH RTY OBUFTPKLE KHUFBOPCHYMY DYTELFPT YA, CH LPFPTPK POB NPTSEF OBIPDFSHUS, c:\\windows\\
hFPTK URPUPV ЪBRKHULB RTYMPTSEOYK - LFP ЪBRHUL U KHLBBOYEN RPMOPZP RKHFY LOYN CH DCHHI ZHTNBFBI: CH ZHTNBFE Windows U KHUEFPN OBUFTPEL CH ZHBKME LPOZHYZHTBGYY CH ZHTNBFE Unix-UYUFEN, FP EUFSH UTBKH, VEJ PVIPDOSCHI RKhFEK, VEYURPMSHЪPCHBOYS UTEDUFCH RPYULB, ZTHVPK LPOUPMSHOPK UYMPK.
wine c:\\windows\\calc.exe; (YURPMSHPHBOYE windows-YNEOY)
wine /usr/windows/calc.exe; (YURPMSHPHBOYE unix-YNEOY)
oEPVIPDYNP PFNEFYFSH, YuFP DMS RPDDETTSLY RBTBNEFTPC YURPMOSENSHI ZHBKMPCH OHTsOP PVSBBFEMSHOP YURPMSH'PCHBFSH RPMOPE YNS ZHBKMB, FP EUFSH RHFSH Y UBN ZhBKM.

ъBLMAYUEOOYE


OP, HCHSHCH, OE CHUE RTPZTBNNNSCH NPTsOP ЪBRKHUFYFSH U YURPMSHЪPCHBOYEN BNHMSFPTB. NOPZIE YI OYI NPZHF RTYCHEUFY L UYUFENOSCHN UVPSN. UVPY CHPNPTSOSCH RTY YURPMSH'PCHBOY CH RTPZTBNNBI OERPDDETTSYCHBENSHI RTETSCHCHBOYK, RTY YURPMSH'PCHBOY UYUFENOSCHI CHSHCHPCHCH. Wine OE NPTsEF RTEDULBBBFSH CHUE, ABOUT YFP URPUPVEO ZEOYK RTPZTBNNNYUFPCH, TTBTBVBFSHCHBAEYI RTPZTBNNOPE PVEUREYUEOYE DMS LPNRSHAFETB. th FBL LBL wine OE SCHMSEFUS LPNNETYUULYN RTPDHLFPN, EZP TBTBVPFYUYLY TBVPFBAF ABOUT UPWUFCHOOOPN YOFETEUE, SING CHSTBEICHBAF, NPDETOYYTHAF UCHPK RTPDHLF Y RTEDPUFBCHMSA F EZP RPMSHЪPCHBFEMA.
eUMY CE CHDTHZ RTPYPKDEF UVPK CH RTPZTBNNE, FP RTPYЪPKDEF BCHFPNBFYUEULBS ЪBZTHЪLB PFMBDYUYLB, U RPNPESH LPFPTPZP CHCH UNPTSEFE KHOBFSH, RP LBLPK RTYYUYOE RTPYPYYEM LFPF UVK, Y RPMKHYUFSH CHPNPTSOPUFSH EZP YURTBCHYFSH MYVP NPDETOYYTPCHBCH RTPZTBNNOSCHK LPD, MYVP KHUFBOPCHYCH OEDPUFBAEYE VYVMYPFELY.

OE UFPYF ЪБВШЧЧБФШ, УФП, ЛПЗДБ ЦШЧ ІУРМШЪХЭFE wine, CHSH RPDCHETTSEOSHCH CHYTHUBN, OBRYUBOOSHCHN VHI Windows. th ABOUT ZHPOE bFPZP NPTSEF TBTHYYFSHUS OERTYUFHROPUFSH CHBYEK PRETBGYPOOPK UYUFENSH. fBL YuFP UFBTBKFEUSH OE DBCHBFSH CHPNPTSOPUFY Windows-RTYMPTSEOYSN UPRTYLBUBFSHUS U CHBTsOPK DMS CHBU YOZHTNBGYEK YMY CHNEYCHBFSHUS CH TBVPFH Linux’B. LBTSDPE ЪBRHEEOOPE RTIMPTSEOYE CH RTPPHYCHOPN UMHYUBE VKhDEF OEUFY RPFEOGYBMSHOHA PRBUOPUFSH Y VKhDEF CHCHVYCHBFSH LYTRYUILYY CHBYEK LTERPUFY, OEUKHEEK ZPTDPE OBCHBOYE Linux .

yOFETOEF:
vPMSHYPE LPMYUEUFCHP YOZHPTNBGYY VHDEF DPUFKHROP CHBN U TEUKHTUPCH WineHQ, TBURPMPTSEOOSCHI ABOUT http://www.winehq.com/. fBN CHSC OBKDEF TBOPPVTBOSCH RHFECHPDYFEMY RP NYTH wine, UPPVEEOYS PV PYYVLBY, URPUPVSH YI YURTBCHMEOYS Y NOPZPE DTHZPE. lFPF UBKF DPMTSEO UFBFSH PRPTOSCHN RHOLFPN, OBYUBMSHOPK FPYULPK, ​​PF LPFPTK OBYUOEFUS CHBYE KHZMKHVMEOOPE OBLPNUFChP U wine.
yubchp:
PFCHEFSHCH ABOUT yuBUFP ъBDБЧБЭНШЧПРТПУШЧЧШЧ УНПЦЭФЭ ОКФИ О http://www.winehq.com/FAQ. fBLCE CHBN DPUFHROSCH ZTHRRSH OPCHPUFEK, YЪ LPFPTSCHI CHSH RPYUETROEFE OPCHHA YOZHPTNBGYA PV LFPN BNHMSFPTE, news://comp.emulators.ms-windows.wine/.
IRC:
fBLCE RPNPESH CH TBVPFE U RTPZTBNNNPK CHBN VHDEF PLBBOB ABOUT LBOBME #WineHQ UETCHETB irc.openprojects.net.


chBDYN mPZYOPCH, [email protected]