Characteristics of modern television. Encyclopedia of Marketing Specifics of information use of television

Sabirova Daniya Kiyamovna (Kazan State Technical University) Please introduce yourself. Sabirova Daniya Kiyamovna, Dean of the Faculty of Humanities, Head of the Department of History and Public Relations, Kazan State Technical University

The technical coverage of a channel is the ability to receive high-quality television signals by the population in a particular region. Technical coverage indicators do not match the number of actual viewers, since during the broadcast people may not be watching TV at all or watching some other channel.

Based on their coverage, TV channels can be classified in the same way as newspapers and magazines: local (local), regional, national (central) and transnational. They cover specific market areas. For example, in the United States there are 210 local television markets with more than 1,200 commercial television stations. Each local market has from 3 to 11 television companies.

In Russia today there are more than ten national channels. There are several interregional ones. And each region has its own local channel. Thus, any audience can be reached both by a national channel and a local one.

It should be noted that the audience volumes of regional channels are generally inferior to the audience volumes of national ones. This is due to the relatively small volume of broadcasting, showing less interesting but cheaper programs, and also due to the fact that national channels have more “prime time” time on the networks.

As the number of national channels increases, local channels also increase in parallel. As a rule, the larger the population of a city, the more canals. Also, the larger the number, the larger the broadcast volume. “The demographic composition of the regional broadcasting audience, as a rule, has two characteristic shifts. Firstly, it is dominated by women, and secondly, people of mature and elderly age. This can be explained, among other things, by broadcasting in the afternoon and morning hours (when the female audience predominates) and a significant volume of news and journalism (young people have little interest in these types of programs).” Regional television allows you to cover local markets.

Status

From the point of view of who finances television and for what purpose, it can have a public (public-state, public-legal) or commercial model.

An interesting combination of partners is formed by the so-called network television. It broadcasts in regions according to the selected geographic configuration. The functioning of such a channel may look like this: the base station generates a daily broadcast grid and transmits it to the satellite. Regional partner stations receive and relay the signal on their territory.

The broadcast time of the channel's programs is arranged in such a way that it remains available for regional programs. Typically, local television stations have up to four hours of broadcasting and advertising time each day. Under an additional agreement, partners can place advertisements in other places on the grid.

A large number of regional partners provides the channel with significant coverage. This scheme is also beneficial for local television stations, since it is difficult for them to fill the entire airwaves with their own high-quality programs.

Network channels specialize in thematic formats (entertainment, music, etc.), and as a result, the audience of network channels has a narrower target character than that of national ones. The audience of network channels, as a rule, is richer, younger, more focused not only in terms of demographics, but also in behavioral characteristics, i.e. the audience of network channels is of a higher quality in composition and for non-mass products may be much preferable to the audience of national channels. The audience of networks is constantly growing, taking viewers away from national channels.

Until recently, prices on Russian network channels (per rating point) were lower than on national ones, which is apparently explained primarily by lower technical coverage, as well as the lack of certain traditions - the penetration of network channels into the advertising television market was just beginning. The complexity of media planning on network channels is also a limiting factor: it is necessary to process large amounts of information, work in conditions of partial deficit, make great efforts to place advertising and monitor its output. Lower commissions for advertising agencies also do not stimulate advertising in networks.

At the same time, the fact that modern Russian networks are inferior to national channels is obviously a temporary phenomenon. Most likely, it is they, as, for example, in the USA, who will take leading positions in the near future, as the advertising market further develops.

Format

The format is usually called the concept of broadcasting, which includes ideas of program policy, forms and organization of work on the air. Most common formats:

Socially popular;

Entertaining;

Musical;

Sports;

Business;

News, etc.

For example, the national Russian channels ORT and RTR are socially popular, the channels “Sport” and “TV7” are sports, STS and TNT are entertainment, RBC is business, MuzTV and MTV are music, CNN and Euronews are news, etc.

The format largely determines the cost of ensuring the functioning of the channel. For example, television, which has its own news and programs, needs to maintain an editorial office, reporters, special correspondents in other cities or countries, professional announcers, columnists, presenters, etc. All this is a very expensive pleasure. But the music channel will cost less. There, in addition to technical and commercial staff, often only a few DJs are required to insert short comments into a repeating string of music videos.

For advertisers, the format is a definite reference point for the audience’s interest in a particular product. It is clear that, for example, advertising of musical recordings will be more “at home” to viewers of a music channel than to viewers of a sports channel, advertising of audit services will be more interesting to viewers of a business channel, etc.

TV technical coverage

The technical coverage of a channel is the ability to receive high-quality television signals by the population in a particular region. Technical coverage indicators do not match the number of actual viewers, since during the broadcast people may not be watching TV at all or watching some other channel.

In terms of coverage, television channels can be classified in the same way as newspapers and magazines: local (local), regional, national (central) and transnational. They cover specific market areas.

For example, in the United States there are 210 local television markets with more than 1,200 commercial television stations. Each local market has from 3 to 11 television companies.

In Russia today there are more than 10 national channels. There are several interregional ones. And each region has its own local channel. That is, any audience can be reached both by a national channel and a local one.

An interesting combination of partners is formed by the so-called network television. It broadcasts in regions according to the selected geographic configuration. The functioning of such a channel may look like this: the base station generates a daily broadcast grid and transmits it to the satellite. Regional stations - partners - receive and relay the signal on their territory.

The broadcast time of the channel's programs is arranged in such a way as to leave space for regional programs. Typically, local TV companies have up to 4 hours of broadcasting and advertising time each day. Under an additional agreement, partners can place advertisements in other places on the grid.

A large number of regional partners provides the channel with significant coverage. This scheme is also beneficial for local television stations, since it is difficult for them to fill the entire airwaves with their own high-quality programs.

In accordance with their technical and financial capabilities, TV channels broadcast for certain periods of time. At the dawn of the television era, broadcasts were broadcast several times a week, several hours a day. Then the broadcast became daily, programs began to be broadcast from morning to evening. Today, some channels broadcast programs during the waking hours of the majority of viewers (early morning - late evening), some - around the clock.

The channels are broadcast on meter and decimeter frequencies. The meter ranges were the first to be mastered on television. In the 90s of the 20th century, decimeter channels began to actively operate in Moscow.

Previously, frequency was of significant importance, since the viewer had to use different antennas to receive different channels. However, today, having modern receiving equipment, a person may not even know at what frequency the channel is broadcast.

In Russia, television networks are usually located on decimeter frequencies, while national and regional state channels occupy meter frequencies. As a rule, the audiences of decimeter channels are smaller than the audiences of meter channels.

A grid is the temporary distribution of airtime between various programs: news, films, documentaries, sports and other programs.

Structuring and organization of television space is necessary, first of all, for the channel itself for its effective functioning. A rigid grid allows viewers to plan their television viewing, and advertisers, accordingly, their campaigns. When for some reason the network changes, programs lose their viewers and advertisers lose potential buyers. What changes most of all is the permanent part of the audience.

Television programming

In order to build a permanent audience, channels use retention strategies ( lead-in strategy ). Usually they resort to placing passes in blocks, alternating not the most interesting passes with very interesting ones. Also, to retain viewers, channels practice “seamless” television: commercials within the program, and announcements of the next program within the program.

In addition to programming (programming), there is also counter-programming ( counter programming ), taking into account the actions of competing channels. With help Yu counter-programming channels are trying to attract the audience to themselves.

Usually the grid is consistent with certain parts of the day ( dayparts ), in which one or another audience gathers at the screens. For example, in the USA the following parts of the day are distinguished:

- daytime ( day-time ): 7-16.30, Monday to Friday, small audience with a predominance of women;

– prime time ): 20-23 hours from Monday to Saturday and 19-23 hours on Sunday, maximum audience;

– late evening time ( late night ): after 11 pm, small adult audience;

– news time ( news daypart ): time of main news programs;

– sports time ( sports ): time of sports broadcasts, predominantly male audience;

- kids time ( child time ): usually in the morning on weekends, children's programs.

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1

Legislative and regulatory support for construction method. instructions

The guidelines are intended for independent work by students enrolled in the advanced training program “Ensuring Safety in Construction” and are part of the educational content of the Moodle e-learning system. The guidelines for independent work contain brief information about the system of state and technical regulation of urban planning activities. A list of documents regulating construction activities is given.

for compliance with the requirements of technical regulations as a system of organizational, legal, technical and<...>Considering that, according to paragraph 1 of Art. 7 of the Law “On Technical Regulation” technical regulations contain<...>are technical regulations.<...>technical regulations.<...>General technical conditions.

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The following shall be declared invalid: 1) Federal Law of June 12, 2008 N 88-FZ “Technical Regulations for Milk and Dairy Products” (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2008, N 24, Art. 2801); 2) Federal Law of July 22, 2010 N 163-FZ “On Amendments to the Federal Law “Technical Regulations for Milk and Dairy Products” (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2010, N 30, Art. 3994).

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In accordance with Part 2 of Article 13.3 of the Federal Law “On the Protection of the Rights of Legal Entities and Individual Entrepreneurs in the Exercise of State Control (Supervision) and Municipal Control,” the Government of the Russian Federation decides: 1. To approve the attached Rules for the formation and maintenance of a unified register of inspections.

05/02/2015 ARTICLE 1 To recognize as no longer in force: 1) Federal Law of June 12, 2008 N 88-FZ "Technical<...>2801); 2) Federal Law of July 22, 2010 N 163-FZ "On Amendments to the Federal Law "Technical

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No. 1 [Handbook of fire safety in educational institutions, 2016]

<...> <...> <...> <...>

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No. 1 [Handbook of fire safety in medical organizations, 2016]

General technical requirements. Test methods (approved)<...>Types, sizes, general technical requirements" (approved.<...>Maintenance of fire extinguishers 2.3.1.<...>N 123-FZ "Technical Regulations on Fire Safety Requirements" (hereinafter referred to as the Technical Regulations),<...>Participates in the work of the fire technical commission.

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The article discusses the problem of ensuring the fire resistance of fire barriers when laying utility lines. The features of ensuring the fire resistance of fire barriers when installing cable penetrations in the place where cable products are laid, as well as the possibility of using fire-resistant polyurethane foam for filling the openings for these purposes, are considered. The disadvantages of using fire-resistant foams when constructing cable penetrations are listed. The necessity of mandatory confirmation of compliance of cable penetrations made from fire-resistant foams with the requirements is substantiated

ALL ABOUT Housing and Communal Services No. 4 (28) | 2015 26 Trushkin Dmitry Vladimirovich, Candidate of Technical Sciences, Head of Laboratory<...>technological openings for laying utilities is quite complex and relevant technical<...>research (testing) and measurements necessary for the application and implementation of the Federal Law "Technical<...>Federal Law of July 22, 2008 No. 123-FZ "Technical Regulations on Fire Safety Requirements

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No. 1 [Handbook of fire safety in medical organizations, 2017]

General technical requirements and characteristics.<...>Maintenance of fire extinguishers 4.4.1.<...>Fire-technical products – special technical, scientific, technical and intellectual products<...>Technical means of warning and evacuation management - a set of technical means (devices<...>Technical measures 1.1.

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In 2011, Bosch launched an international project in Russia called “1000 Tools – 1000 Testers.” The justified popularity of the previous year's project provides every opportunity for its continuation. In 2012, the power tools division of the Bosch group of companies will again introduce a number of new products to the Russian market, and readers of our magazine will be among the first to test them!

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Pro Aqua http://www.polytron.ru/ - Russian production http://tfloor.ru/ - information portal "Technical

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Forecasting and assessing the situation during fires, spill method. instructions

The guidelines provide the basics for calculating the risk of injury to the population in an emergency involving a fire spill. A brief theoretical part is given, allowing the student to independently master this issue, a calculation method and an example of solving a forecasting problem are presented.

Orenburg 2012 Copyright JSC Central Design Bureau BIBKOM & LLC Book-Service Agency 2 Reviewer – Associate Professor, Candidate of Technical Sciences<...>The legal basis for technical regulation in the field of fire safety is: Federal Law<...>"On Fire Safety", Federal Law "Technical Regulations on Fire Safety Requirements"<...>The Federal Law "Technical Regulations on Fire Safety Requirements" contains analysis requirements<...>Technical regulations on fire safety requirements: federal. Law of the Russian Federation of July 22, 2008

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Wilo offers pumps of any size and any power, with which you can find solutions that are 100% customized

Pro Aqua http://www.polytron.ru/ - Russian production http://tfloor.ru/ - information portal "Technical

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The problem of using used and refurbished pipes in construction and housing and communal services is becoming increasingly widespread from year to year. Over the past winter season alone, more than 200 major accidents were recorded in our country’s housing and communal services pipeline networks: a sewerage break in Voronezh, water fountains in the Urals, a ground collapse in Bryansk, a massive outage

Pro Aqua http://www.polytron.ru/ - Russian production http://tfloor.ru/ - information portal "Technical

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CLASSIFICATION OF USERS OF THE OPEN EDUCATION INFORMATION AND EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT AND THEIR FORMAL DESCRIPTION ON THE ENVIRONMENT MODEL [Electronic resource] / Lobachev // Bulletin of Voronezh State University. Series: Problems of higher education.- 2004.- No. 2.- P. 67-73.- Access mode: https://site/efd/518594

The construction of an information and educational environment for open education (IOS OO) has the goal of meeting the information and educational needs of Internet users on the scale of the entire education system of the Russian Federation, covering all regions, areas and levels of education

information and educational needs of Internet users on the scale of the entire education system of the Russian Federation with coverage<...>providing the implementation of educational services through IOS OO: teachers of educational institutions; technical<...>For example, to the category of technical specialists ensuring the work of the representative office of an educational institution<...>In the category of technical specialists, the subcategory “methodologist” is a reflection of the need to implement<...>Scheme for dividing users into categories Users Technical specialists Educational consumers

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The geometric conditions for the implementation of the process of impact of a ball on a wall are considered. The influence of the relative length of the cable and the angle of inclination of the boom on the energy parameters of the impact interaction is analyzed

Head of the Department of Water Resources and Water Use, Kaliningrad State Technical University<...>Federal Law of the Russian Federation dated December 30, 2009 No. 384-FZ "Technical Regulations on Safety

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No. 1 [Modern laboratory practice, 2018]

“Modern Laboratory Practice” is a scientific and practical journal for practical laboratories of any type (analytical, testing, calibration). The magazine is intended to inform the laboratory community about the latest changes in regulatory documents, the practice of their implementation, the latest developments and techniques, new equipment and materials. Issues of implementing a quality management system, organizational and methodological problems associated with accreditation and confirmation of conformity, automation and the introduction of new technologies into the practice of laboratories at various levels are discussed.

TR TS 020/2011 "Electromagnetic compatibility of technical equipment" 13.<...>TR CU 023/2011 "Technical regulations for juice products from fruits and vegetables" 16.<...>TR CU 024/2011 "Technical regulations for fat and oil products" 17.<...>The unreasonable use of coverage factor 2 is not recommended.<...>The coverage factor used to calculate the expanded uncertainty should be reported.

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Over the past five years, 30 emergency situations have occurred in the Russian Federation caused by the collapse of buildings and structures for industrial, residential, social and cultural purposes. Supervisory authorities, operation services, developers, owners of buildings and structures do not always cope with the task of ensuring the safety of their construction and operation

the application of which ensures compliance with the requirements of the Federal Law of December 30, 2009 384-FZ "Technical<...>carries out real-time control of destabilizing factors by monitoring engineering and technical systems

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No. 4 [Construction Orbit, 2014]

All-Russian industry magazine, published since 2003, is an independent information and analytical publication. It is an information partner of state, public and leading commercial structures in the country's construction industry. A regular participant in events organized by the Ministry of Agriculture, the Ministry of Construction of Russia, and the offices of authorized representatives of the President of the Russian Federation in various federal districts. The main content is articles about the state and problems of the construction industry, as well as information materials about the best technologies, design solutions, energy saving, environmental problems and the state of affairs in housing and communal services reform.

Management reporting will allow you to cover the entire business at a glance and promptly identify deviations<...>Among fire prevention measures, regulatory and technical work becomes the main one.<...>Federal Law of December 27, 2002 No. 184-FZ "On technical regulation". 2.<...>. No. 123-FZ "Technical regulations on fire safety requirements." 3.<...>. No. 384-FZ "Technical regulations on the safety of buildings and structures." 4.

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Oil companies and drilling contractors suffer significant financial losses due to the high proportion of non-productive time in the structure of total well construction time. An analysis of existing methodological approaches to increasing work efficiency and optimizing management decisions was carried out, and a K. Ishikawa diagram was generated to analyze the root causes of loss of productive time. An algorithm and methodology for cost management are proposed, which make it possible to determine the most significant causes of downtime, as well as to develop measures to prevent them based on successful organizational and technological solutions for sections of a composite well; manage the NPS structure as a whole through the operational actions of the drilling supervisor; eliminate the prerequisites for NPT by a drilling contractor using the nonlinear optimization method under conditions of a limited budget. Research was carried out on 704 oil company wells drilled in 2015 and 2016. in fields with similar mining and geological conditions and engineering and technological support: the share of NPT was 15.3%, which is equivalent to 2058 days. An ABC analysis was carried out, the categories of NIPs that have the main impact on increasing construction time were identified, the Lorenz curve and Pareto diagram were derived, and the ABM model was built. Testing of the proposed methodology in 2017 confirmed its economic efficiency in managing well drilling

The “technical limit” reflects the company’s desire not only to reduce drilling time through spot<...>To reach the technical limit, it is necessary to completely eliminate NPS, the inefficiency of all operations<...>Avoid non-compliance of the control and top-up system with the established technical requirements<...>Without any exceptions, check the technical condition of the drilling tool<...>Ensure timely actions of the supervisor when identifying non-compliance of engineering and technical workers

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No. 2 [Energy saving, 2015]

The journal is published by the Department of Fuel and Energy of Moscow and the Non-Profit Partnership “Engineers for Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning, Heat Supply and Building Thermophysics” (NP “ABOK”). Subjects of published materials: - New technical, technological, economic and regulatory developments on energy and resource conservation in the field of construction, housing and communal services and energy. - Review, analytical and reference information on the state of the Russian market for goods and services in the field of construction, housing and communal services and energy, as well as reference information about manufacturing companies and suppliers of these goods and services. - Information about upcoming exhibitions, seminars, symposiums and conferences, which include consideration of energy and resource conservation issues and demonstrations of energy and resource saving products in various sectors of the national economy. - Other interesting and useful publications for a wide range of readers, including issues of product certification, tariffs for energy resources in various regions of Russia, provisions on reviews, competitions and tenders announced to solve specific energy-saving projects in Moscow, etc.

/year (depreciation, maintenance, verification, billing).<...>The introduction of this provision, as well as considerations regarding the scope of control over compliance with the requirements for<...>General technical conditions”, harmonized with the European analogue.<...>Service and technical support. More than 600 systems have been implemented.<...>Development, packaging, installation, commissioning, maintenance.

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Methodology for monitoring information and software for major repairs of apartment buildings on the territory of the Republic of Bashkortostan. allowance

The training manual outlines the methodology of construction control, the basics of preparing apartment buildings for major repairs of common property and the rules for accepting apartment buildings into operation after major repairs in the territory of the Republic of Bashkortostan.

The main documents of the new system of technical regulation are technical regulations.<...>The development of technical regulations is carried out on the basis of the program for the development of technical regulations<...>In the field of construction, a number of related technical regulations have also been adopted: technical regulation "On the requirements<...>Comments from the developer or technical customer engaged by the developer or technical customer<...>and production and technical department of construction and installation organizations.

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Semiotic model as a formalism for automating the design processes of isothermal tanks and verification of design decisions [Electronic resource] / Bashlykov, Rakhmanin // Automation, telemechanization and communications in the oil industry. - 2014. - No. 4. - P. 8-15. - Mode access: https://site/efd/349492

The article analyzes a semiotic approach to automating the design of isothermal tanks. The characteristics of the design domain are considered. The concept of a semiotic model is introduced as a means of describing the subject area. The hypothesis for automating the solution of design problems and the means for its implementation are described. A procedure for automating the search for design solutions for each class of problems solvable in the semiotic model is formally defined. The procedure for automating the design of isothermal tanks using semiotic modeling is described.

Handbook of technical acoustics: trans. with him. / ed. M. Hekla, H.D.<...>In the normative and technical documentation (NTD) of the Russian Federation there are no recommendations on what combinations of loads<...>As can be seen from a comparison of the two calculation methods, the sequence of verification of technical solutions according to the criterion<...>Federal Law of the Russian Federation dated July 22, 2008 No. 123-FZ "Technical regulations on requirements<...>Graph of a computational procedure - a found algorithm for solving a problem for a technical solution that excludes

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No. 11 [Legality, 2013]

As you know, over the past decade and a half in Russia, legislation has been actively updated, on some issues - radically, many legal institutions are undergoing significant changes, and new ones are being introduced. During this time, the magazine’s pages published many discussion articles about the place and role of the prosecutor’s office in our society and state, dedicated to judicial reform, the new Criminal Procedure Code, jury trials, investigation reform in the prosecutor’s office, etc. But this was never to the detriment of materials about the exchange experience and comments on legislation, complex issues of law enforcement practice. Essays on highly acclaimed prosecutors are also regularly published. The magazine has an established team of authors, which includes well-known scientists and passionate law enforcement officers from almost all regions of Russia.

On technical regulation and product quality management. – Business Law, 2011, No. 3.<...>This type of government regulation is called technical 5.<...>definition of the concept “technical regulation”: technical regulation – legal regulation<...>At the same time, the procedure for conducting such a check is in the Federal Law "On Technical Regulation", as well as in the Federal Law "<...>On technical regulation and product quality management // Business law. – 2011. –

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The article is devoted to future changes in the legal regime of real rights to real estate, taking into account the novelties proposed by the Concept for the Development of Civil Legislation and their reflection in the draft amendments to the civil code

In Russian legislation, in sub. 6. clause 2 art. 2 Federal Law “Technical Regulations on the Safety of Buildings<...>a construction system that has above-ground and (or) underground parts, including premises, engineering and technical networks<...>provision and engineering support system and intended for residence and (or) activity<...>SNiP electronic database, www.snip.rf 3 Federal Law of December 30, 2009 N 384-FZ (as amended on July 2, 2013) “Technical<...>real estate and suitable for permanent residence of citizens (meets established sanitary and technical

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ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC CONDITIONS OF FORMATION AND USE OF FIXED PRODUCTION INSTRUCTIONS IN AN AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISE ABSTRACT DIS. ... CANDIDATE OF ECONOMIC SCIENCES

The purpose of the study is to substantiate the scientific and methodological provisions for equipping an agricultural enterprise with basic means of production and to develop economic and organizational conditions for their practical application.

In material and technical resources and material and technical base of agricultural production<...>From the concept of material and technical base it follows that the formation of means of production of an enterprise<...>The most important direction of implementation. scientific and technological progress, according to Professor G.G. Kosachev<...>NZarians of technology"~product production (with different technical "!<...>In the second chapter, “The technical level of production and economic conditions for meeting the needs

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Methodology for modeling management activities in the system of municipal general, pre-vocational and primary vocational education

M.: PROMEDIA

It is clear, for example, that in industrially developed Togliatti the priority is humanitarian and technical<...>Physics and technology and physics and mathematics lyceums 6 57 37 24 61 15 23 56 21 " 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 I 3<...>Technical colleges 13 73 14 36 61 3 37 58 5 Copyright JSC Central Design Bureau BIBKOM & LLC Book-Service Agency<...>Integrated educational system "Technical Lyceum Junior College" for gifted children // Sat.<...>Prospects for the work of municipal physical and technical lyceums // Sat.

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INCREASING THE ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF USING GRAIN HARVESTING EQUIPMENT ABSTRACT DIS. ... CANDIDATE OF ECONOMIC SCIENCES

M.: ALL-RUSSIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE EC

The purpose of this study, based on analysis, generalization of accumulated experience, theoretical and experimental research, is to identify reserves for increasing the efficiency of using grain harvesting units as a determining link in the entire harvesting process and to justify ways of their implementation.

This growth is taking place in the context of further technical re-equipment of agriculture.<...>The first chapter, “Technical progress in grain production,” reveals the theoretical aspects of the category<...>; X$ technical condition of the combine harvester fleet (cost of current repairs and technical maintenance<...>; technical condition dripping 12.2?.<...>necessary for this labor and material and technical resources. CONCLUSIONS I.

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Technological equipment of catering enterprises of the restaurant and hotel complex: assessment of the effectiveness of the modernization direction

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Technical equipment of catering establishments within types and classes....................................<...>ANALYSIS OF THE ACTIVITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE RESTAURANT AND ITS TECHNICAL EQUIPMENT...................................<...>The subject of the study is the state of technical equipment of the Yorkshire restaurant.<...>Technical equipment of public catering organizations and labor protection. – M.: Academy, 2015.<...>Technical equipment of public catering organizations and labor protection. – M.: Academy, 2015.

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Technological equipment of catering enterprises of the restaurant and hotel complex: assessment of the effectiveness of the modernization direction

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Technical equipment of catering establishments within types and classes....................................<...>ANALYSIS OF THE ACTIVITIES OF THE YORKSHIRE RESTAURANT AND ITS TECHNICAL EQUIPMENT...................................<...>The subject of the study is the state of technical equipment of the Yorkshire restaurant.<...>Technical equipment of public catering organizations and labor protection. – M.: Academy, 2015.<...>Technical equipment of public catering organizations and labor protection. – M.: Academy, 2015.

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INCREASING THE ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF POULTRY PRODUCTION PRODUCTION IN CONDITIONS OF ACCELERATING SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL PROGRESS ABSTRACT DIS. ... CANDIDATE OF ECONOMIC SCIENCES

M.: MOSCOW ORDER OF LENIN AND ORDER OF THE RED BANNER OF LABOR AGRICULTURAL ACADEMY NAMED AFTER K. A. TIMIRYAZEV

Purpose and objectives of the study. The purpose of the dissertation work is to identify reserves and ways to increase the economic efficiency of poultry production on farms in the South Ural region

INCREASING THE ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF POULTRY PRODUCTS IN THE CONDITIONS OF ACCELERATING SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL<...>V.I. Lenk paid great attention to the problems of scientific and technological progress.<...>Exploring the dryness of technical progress, he noted that “technical progress is expressed in the fact that<...>development, establishment of scientific and technological progress. . ; In its modern meaning, scientific and technical<...>Resource-saving technologies are one of the important areas of scientific and technological progress.

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INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF MECHANIZED WORK IN BEET PRODUCTION ABSTRACT DIS. ... CANDIDATE OF ECONOMIC SCIENCES

M.: ALL-RUSSIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF ECONOMICS, LABOR AND MANAGEMENT IN AGRICULTURE

The purpose of the study was to, based on a comprehensive study of the organization of mechanized work in beet growing, identify the main directions and develop proposals for increasing their efficiency in the context of the completion of comprehensive mechanization

CONTENT OF THE WORK Scientific and technological progress finds its material embodiment in engineering, technology<...>-h/ha have not become widespread due to the weak material and technical base of the industry.<...>their operation and poor maintenance.<...>Maintenance unit 7.<...>But for organizational and technical reasons they are idle: for sowing work $14-16, for caring for

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Information systems in the management of a hotel enterprise (using the example of the Ararat Park Hyatt Moscow hotel)

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The modern understanding of an information system assumes the use as the main technical<...>In addition, the technical implementation of an information system in itself will mean nothing if<...>Technical support is a complex of equipment that provides<...>In the selection of the necessary composition of the technical environment, you must first of all<...>Moreover, some systems can technically manage both a hotel and a restaurant at the same time.

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DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNOLOGY FOR FORCING GREEN VEGETABLE CROPS ON MULTI-TIER HYDROPONIC INSTALLATIONS IN A SUBSTANCE-FREE METHOD ABSTRACT DIS. ... CANDIDATE OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES

LENINGRAD ORDER OF THE RED BANNER OF LABOR AGRICULTURAL INSTITUTE

The purpose of the dissertation work is to develop a technology for forcing green vegetable crops (onions, celery, parsley) in multi-tier hydroponic installations.

Scientific supervisors - Candidate of Technical Sciences Yu.N. Lilov; Candidate of Agricultural Sciences G.Z. Berson<...>" : "v ; .. -.[ :\--f-/~iyi Approbation, Dissertation materials - reported:;on.scientific.V technical<...>In the book : “Technical progress of agricultural machines”, BISKHOYA, M., 1972. (co-authored). 3.

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Features of the concepts of hostels as small accommodation facilities and prospects for their development

M.: PROMEDIA

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Technical and maintenance personnel must ensure the cleanliness and order of the hostel premises, as well as<...>The area of ​​the room depends on many factors - location, technical condition of the apartment, but<...>service - briefings and instructions on the use of technical equipment - repaired equipment<...>N 384-FZ "Technical regulations on the safety of buildings and structures" with amendments and additions (as amended<...>N 123-FZ "Technical regulations on fire safety requirements" with amendments and additions (ed.

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INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN MILK PRODUCTION

The monograph substantiates innovative techniques in milk production technology in the conditions of a reconstructed standard dairy complex. Based on our own long-term research and generalization of the research results of domestic and foreign scientists, the main technological processes of milk production are shown: maintenance, feeding, milking and primary processing of milk. A flow-shop milk production system is presented for year-round stabling of Holstein cattle of Dutch origin using automated equipment and a Dairymaster milking parlor with a Dairymaster Milk Manager herd management center. In the conditions of modernization of production, the use of information technologies and genetic marking in breeding is justified. The results of the research made it possible to increase the milk productivity of first-calf cows to an average level of 7000 kg of milk per lactation, to create a milk potential in the herd at the level of 9000 kg of milk and to improve its quality in accordance with modern requirements of technical regulations.

N 88-FZ "Technical regulations for milk and dairy products" 88 9.<...>The country's livestock industry finds itself in especially difficult conditions; the technical base of the industry is more worn out.<...>Technical specifications The basic all-Russian norm for the mass fraction of fat in milk is 3.4%.<...>Technical conditions" indicates that it exceeded the average for 2010 by 0.23%.<...>N 88-FZ "Technical regulations for milk and dairy products".

36

A brief overview of the formation and development of the environmental service of the oil company "LUKOIL", practical experience in ensuring the protection of the marine environment during the development of oil and gas resources of the Northern Caspian Sea is presented. A retrospective is shown of entering a new, unexplored region, the discovery of an entire oil and gas province, carried out by a private company at its own risk and at its own expense, ensuring the solution of one of the main strategic tasks of the Russian Federation at the end of the twentieth century. - consolidation in the Caspian Sea. In parallel with the development of licensed areas in the Russian sector of the Caspian Sea, the company’s environmental policy was formed. The location of the licensed areas in the most highly productive water area of ​​the enclosed Caspian Sea, isolated from the World Ocean, led to the development of new strategies, tactics, and technologies that would ensure reliable protection of the marine environment from pollution. The main role here belongs to special environmental and fishery requirements for geological study, exploration and production of hydrocarbons in the protected area in the northern part of the Caspian Sea and the practical implementation of the principle of “zero discharge” of waste into the sea. It is noted that the company is successfully implementing a system of industrial and environmental safety for the development of hydrocarbon deposits in the protected area of ​​the Northern Caspian Sea, and the results of comprehensive environmental monitoring confirm the high efficiency of environmental protection measures during the development of licensed areas in the Russian sector of the Caspian Sea

Development and implementation of large technical projects of LUKOIL in the waters of the most environmentally vulnerable<...>This means that the decisions made of a technical and organizational nature must provide more<...>solutions protected by patents of the Russian Federation, indicating their high scientific and technical<...>Korchagin monitoring of the technical condition of the platform solves the following problems:  continuous monitoring<...>Created, equipped with the necessary technical means and is in a state of constant readiness

37

No. 4(28) [All about housing and communal services, 2015]

Based on this, a procedure for conducting a technical inspection of apartment buildings is now being prepared.<...>The technical condition of the house suffers.<...>He also emphasized that today the target is to reach 1,900 personal accounts.<...>Such wishes are being developed, and technical solutions will be made based on them.<...>provide its maintenance on a monthly basis in varying amounts, and the meaning of this technical

38

No. 6 [Industrial and environmental safety, labor protection, 2009]

Information specialized magazine in the field of industrial, environmental, fire safety and labor protection, construction and energy, labor law. The magazine is not published in January.

Monthly scientific and technical magazine No. 6-7 June-July 2009 TOPIC OF THE ISSUE: Declaration of fire safety<...>There are many reasons: organizational, technical, and regulatory.<...>availability of technical documentation, instructions, personnel qualifications.<...>speech by Alexey Vladimirovich Fomin, technical director of CJSC Alton Engineering Center.<...>We have a unique material and technical base.

39

AGROMELIORATIVE WEDGE OF RICE CROPE ROTATION ABSTRACT DIS. ... CANDIDATE OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES

KUBAN AGRICULTURAL INSTITUTE

To achieve higher yields, it is necessary to look for a different structure of sown areas and other crop rotation schemes. The first step towards this may be the abandonment of two upland fields separated in time and space - grass and steam. Moreover, all three conditions for increasing high rice yields can be concentrated in a single field. This could be the agroreclamation wedge proposed by Professor E. B. Velichko, developed by us and described in detail in the dissertation under review.

Copyright JSC "CDB "BIBKOM" & LLC "Agency Kniga-Service" "Technical editor P, I.

40

M. Bakhtin's solution

The book contains an analysis of the main philosophical, methodological and literary-aesthetic ideas that form the core of the scientific heritage of Mikhail Bakhtin, a widely known Russian philologist and thinker of the 20th century. The author explores the connection of M. Bakhtin's discoveries with the phenomenological and neo-Kantian traditions, analyzes the key concepts of Bakhtin's heritage: dialogism, monologism, polyphony, carnivalization, polyphony, ambivalence, official and humorous culture, chronotope, one's own and someone else's word. Particular attention is paid to the problems of metalinguistics and speech activity. At the same time, A. Pankov draws attention to the paradoxes and dilemmas that arise in the concept of M. Bakhtin in connection with the latter’s appeal to issues that require a systematic approach. In this regard, for the interpretation of theoretical material, little-known concepts of Russian methodologists who actively worked in the field of the General Theory of Activity (the work of G.P. Shchedrovitsky and others) in the 50-80s are used. A significant place is devoted to Bakhtin's understanding of genres, “poetic language,” and the history of the novel. The book talks about the artistic worldview as a subject of literary research and the role of literary criticism in the processes of reproduction of literary activity. Particular attention is paid to the category of “reflection” and “reflexive” motives in the works of M. Bakhtin. The originality of Bakhtin's view of medieval culture and the work of Dostoevsky is revealed. technological progress makes it possible to<...>The introduction of maain into it is the main content of the material and technical side of the industrial process.<...>owing to the power of technical improvements" for this period from 1:16 to 1:280.<...>However, such an increase in technical weapons did not have such a significant impact on the resource and productivity

44

No. 4 [Agricultural literature. Systematic index, 2011]

The Monthly Systematic Index, the registration body of the National Agricultural Bibliography, has been published since 1948. Every year it publishes information about 42 thousand domestic books and articles on all issues of agriculture and related branches of knowledge. The index is the main and most comprehensive reference guide on domestic agricultural literature published in Russian in the Russian Federation and CIS countries. Intended for scientists, teachers of agricultural universities and colleges and agricultural specialists, as well as for employees of special and universal libraries and scientific and technical information bodies.

M.: STAVROPOL STATE AGRICULTURAL

The purpose of the study was to develop the theoretical and methodological foundations of the economy and organization of production in the grain product subcomplex of the South of Russia.

There has been a steady downward trend in the level of technical potential in the country's grain industry.<...>technical progress in this industry.<...>The technical readiness of tractors and agricultural machines has decreased to 60-65%.<...>Technical progress in grain production as a factor in increasing its efficiency //"Scientific and Technical<...>Technical factor of grain production in food security.

47

Commodity research, examination in customs (food and non-food products) workshop

M.: ITK "Dashkov and K"

In the workshop, the authors propose to consider theoretical issues of commodity science, commodity science and examination in customs in practical and laboratory classes, as well as during independent study, using the example of homogeneous groups of food and non-food products. The classes are accompanied by examples of assignments and specific situational tasks. The workshop was compiled in accordance with the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Education in the specialty 38.05.02 Customs Affairs (specialty level).

URAL STATE UNIVERSITY NAMED AFTER A. M. GORKY

Goals of work. This work is an attempt at a comprehensive economic study devoted to the study of the following main economic problems of the use of technology in socialist agriculture: firstly, the influence of forms of ownership, distribution and exchange on the pace and direction of progress of technology, the nature and level of its use. In this regard, the justification of ways to improve production relations that develop regarding technology and organizational forms in which their development is carried out; secondly, the study of the impact of the progress of technology and its productive use on the nature of labor and the development of socialist social relations in the countryside...

technical and economic. The first aspect is represented by the works of V.N.<...>

ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE KAZAKH SSR INSTITUTE OF ECONOMICS

Social labor in agriculture, substantiation of patterns and trends of its growth in the context of the ongoing radical economic reform and transition to market relations, determination of the essence, features and patterns of development of scientific and technological progress in the regional conditions of the republic and identification of its influence on the growth of labor productivity, taking into account natural -climatic, biological-physiological, technical-technological and socio-economic factors of production.

~meme of scientific and technological progress; . > ; " " . : "~-"/.-," ".<...>progress" instead of "technical progress" The essence and content of scientific and technological progress comes from<...>Technical progress in;agriculture*Kyrgyzstan.<...>In the book: Assessment of the technical level of production in the national economy.<...>In the book: Social and economic efficiency of scientific and technological progress.

50

No. 4-1(20-21) [All about housing and communal services, 2013]

The subject matter of the publication is aimed at deepening information in the field of practical application of existing experience in the work of housing and communal services enterprises, as well as new materials and equipment used in this area. The magazine “All about Housing and Communal Services” is focused on covering the results of programs for reforming and modernizing the housing and communal services sector in Russia. The editors of the magazine organize conferences, seminars, round tables, exhibitions and presentations with top officials of regional Ministries and Departments for Housing and Communal Services in Moscow and the regions of the country.

Visochkin, expert on technical regulation and standardization of the Pipe Industry Development Fund<...>Expert discussions at the Technoprom Forum covered a wide range of issues related to risk management and<...>A round table on the problems of technical education and a discussion were also held at the Technoprom sites<...>Clarify the list of technically complex, especially dangerous and unique objects.<...>Redevelopment is the replacement or removal of any element specified in the technical passport of the premises

With the development of television, people began to spend more and more time in front of screens. According to Eurodata TV Worldwide, Average Viewing Time (AVT) worldwide has increased slightly in recent years and is currently around three and a half hours. Russia ranks in the middle with an average TV viewing time of 190 minutes.

Among those who watch TV without being distracted by business or switching to other channels, the presence of those over 55 is very large. There are relatively few young people. In the group of attentive viewers, women are more likely to plan to watch programs than men.

People watch TV differently at different times of the year, week, day. Usually in winter, when it is cold outside and daylight hours are short, people prefer to spend time watching TV. In the summer, they relax more outside, in nature.

On working days of the week, people are busy with their own affairs and therefore can only devote more time to TV on Saturday and Sunday.

In the morning and afternoon, people prefer to solve their problems by planning a vacation in the evening. Accordingly, active television viewing occurs precisely in the last part of the day.

Advantages and disadvantages of television advertising

Television can cover a specific region, the entire country, and even the whole world.

Due to the fact that television immediately affects a person’s vision and hearing, it can not only tell, but also show with sound, in motion, and in color.

The television audience is not particularly attractive for many companies, since consumers of television information are mainly children, housewives, and pensioners; young people often prefer radio, while serious businessmen get their basic information from newspapers. The illiterate and unemployed spend the most time watching TV.

People don’t always watch the advertisement that “found” them. Very often, during a commercial break, they prefer to do something that, in their opinion, is more useful - go to the bathroom, make a phone call, drink tea, etc.

It will not be easy to remember detailed information about a product or service, telephone numbers and addresses in a matter of seconds. This narrows the range of products suitable for television advertising.

There is a lot of advertising competition on modern television. To stand out from the general background, the advertiser requires both multiple repetitions and an original approach to creating a video, which significantly increases the advertising budget.

Characteristics

The technical coverage of a channel is the ability to receive high-quality television signals by the population in a particular region. Technical coverage indicators do not match the number of actual viewers, since during the broadcast people may not be watching TV at all or watching some other channel.

Much more than technical coverage, advertisers are interested in actual TV viewing of the channel. As a basic concept when assessing a television audience, a television rating (TVR, basic rating) is used - the size of the audience of a program expressed as a percentage in a certain period of time.

For example, if there are 100,000 television viewers in the city of N., and 10,000 people watched the program, then the television rating will be 10% (10,000: 100,000 × 100).

Projected ratings are the projected ratings of a transmission. They are necessary for both broadcasters and advertisers. Television workers, based on a preliminary forecast, formulate a program and purchase programs and films. Advertisers need predictive ratings to plan their campaigns over the long term.

A very important concept is the total television audience (Total TVR) - expressed as a percentage, the ratio of the television audience of the estimated time interval to the total number of the general population. It is the population group from which respondents are sampled for the study. This may be the population of the entire country as a whole or a separate region, as well as a part of the population with certain socio-demographic parameters.

Television ratings change depending on the time of day, weather conditions, etc. Since this is an average, it changes throughout the day - falling during the day and rising towards prime time. The larger the Total TVR, the larger the audience television can reach.

When assessing television viewing, an indicator such as HUT (Households/Homes Using Television) is also used, which means the number of people using TV at home at a certain point in time. The HUT figure does not include people watching TV outside the home: in bars, shops, airports, hotels, etc.

Research on the viewing audience is usually carried out on the basis of “stationary” televisions, which have a relatively stable audience. The level of HUT varies in the same way as Total TVR. It is lower during the day when people are working, and in good weather when people are walking and having fun. Higher in the evening and in bad weather, when people are relaxing at home, etc.

For example, if out of 80,000 residents of a certain area who have a home TV, 12,000 watched it at a certain time of the day, then HUT = 15%.

Another important characteristic of the television audience is the Share Of Audience Rating. This is the number of viewers of a certain program or time period of television broadcasting, expressed as a percentage of the total number of people currently watching television. Essentially, a share is a portion of the HUT calculated for a specific program. The share is taken not from the entire population, but from television viewers of a given period of time.

Share = Rating / HUT or Share = Rating / HUT × 100%.

The rating describes the absolute size of the audience, and the share - the relative size. Compared to the rating, the share more clearly shows the distribution of the TV audience between channels at a given time. You can also use the share to compare two programs broadcast on the same channel at different times. That is, the share allows a media planner to compare the popularity of two programs that compete to attract the attention of viewers at the same time.

HUT = Rating / Share or HUT = Rating / Share × 100%.

Advertising space

It is necessary to understand that people watch programs, not advertisements. Therefore, the audience for commercial breaks is different from the audience for broadcasts. It is believed that during an advertising break, on average, no more than 50% of the audience remains at the screens.

On the one hand, the rating of the program is important for the advertiser. But it is also important that the advertising be combined with the context of the program. Often, dramatic moments in films are interrupted by advertising based on humor, and programs whose main audience is men are interrupted by advertising for women, etc.

After completing a program of interest, people usually switch to another channel, get distracted, or even turn off the TV for a while. In this regard, the audience of inter-program blocks is much smaller than the audience of advertising blocks within programs.

From the point of view of sequencing, it is also important to keep in mind that with the start of an advertising block, the audience of the program decreases, flowing to other channels. The second minute of an advertising block is usually the worst. Towards the end of the advertising block, the audience begins to return to the channel to finish watching the program.

Ad size

At the beginning of the television era, commercial mini-films played in cinemas acted as commercials. Their length was 2-3 minutes. Due to the high cost of television advertising, the length of commercials began to decrease. First, one-minute advertising became standard, then 30-second duration. Today, advertisers very often use even shorter videos. However, does the effectiveness of advertising decrease when it is shortened? There are plenty of opinions on this topic:

• “A 30-second commercial gets about 60-75% of the reaction to a 60-second spot, and a 15-second spot gets about 60-75% of the reaction to a 30-second spot.”
• “The recall rate or persuasion effect of 15-second commercials is 70 to 80% of that of 30-second commercials (at least for a short period of time after viewing)….”

It is worth adding to this that simply voicing a brand during a high-frequency campaign requires less time to remember. 5 seconds may be enough. Complex calls with a large number of arguments require more time.

Advertising cost

At different times of the day, as well as during the broadcast of various programs, there are different numbers of viewers near the screens. In this regard, it is logical to set the price of advertising depending on the time of day and the number of viewers watching a particular program. This approach is traditional and relatively simple.

The TV channel is developing a one-minute price list. To do this, first of all, the basic ad size is set (usually 1 minute, sometimes 30 seconds). Based on this size, the cost of advertising in a specific program or cross-program space is determined. The most expensive time is usually prime time.

If the length of the roller differs from the base size, then the cost is usually determined proportionally. So, if the minute rate is $10,000, then 30 seconds will cost 5,000, 15 seconds - 2,500. Some channels set increased odds for particularly short spots (up to 10 seconds).

The second approach, which has become widespread in recent years, is more complex. It is based on selling not advertising space, but television audiences. The advertiser does not buy time (for example, 30 seconds on the evening news), but ratings (for example, 400 points of the target audience). That is, the price of a rating is the cost of demonstrating a video that gains a rating of 1%. In this case, the advertiser does not pay for “unnecessary” viewers, and reaching his potential buyers costs him less.

When setting prices, first of all, the size of the base rating advertisement is determined (usually 30 or 60 seconds), then the base audience (the entire population, citizens, men, etc.).

• fixed placement;

• floating placement.

The disadvantage of floating placement is that advertising is placed not where we would like, but where there is time for it. However, in this case the target audience is selected. And yet, the advertiser receives very serious discounts - 15-25% or more of the prices for fixed placement.

The system of discounts, markups and commissions in television advertising is in many ways similar to that in newspapers and magazines. There are volume discounts, package discounts, seasonal discounts, for local advertisers, urgency surcharges, commissions for advertising agencies, etc.

At the same time, the television advertising system also has its own specific features. Among the discounts we can highlight the following: for placement in the cross-program space, for placement outside of prime time, for placement only on a specific channel, for placement in a pool with several channels, etc.

Specifics of media planning on television

When planning advertising on television, it is worth keeping in mind that during prime time there are more viewers at the screens, and, accordingly, the coverage is very high. At this time, it is possible to reach almost the entire television audience, including those viewers who very rarely watch television. But at this time, the level of the audience matching index is low, and the advertising price is the highest. In addition, during this period the overall volume of advertising increases, making it more difficult to stand out.

Greater coverage will be achieved when using a large list of programs. In this case, the frequency will be low. For example, different feature films can achieve a large reach. When advertising in a series, frequency will increase significantly, but not reach.

In the 1990s, IRI and Media Marketing Assessment (MMA/Carat) conducted a number of AdWorks studies. Based on their results, the following interesting conclusions were drawn.

• With television advertising, there is an increase in sales for all brands. In general, the more often you show ads on different channels, the higher the percentage of overall sales growth due to television advertising.

• The frequency of advertising is important. The effectiveness of television advertising increases if the annual average of weekly continuous impressions increases.
• The effectiveness of television advertising can also be improved by using 30-second commercials, as several replicated studies have shown that they are more useful than 15-second commercials because more memorable advertising information can be packed into a 30-second commercial.
• A plan that uses a variety of airtimes and TV programs for advertising is more effective than a plan that uses one time of day or one program for advertising.
• Successful media projects sought to either expand the target audience or shift the focus to a specific group of consumers. At the same time, the use of daytime airtime decreased.
• The more often a new product was advertised during peak times (evening hours), the more its sales increased. Heavy advertising on the front pages of print media is also likely to increase sales.

When planning work with television, it is important to remember that the distribution of airtime is carried out in advance for a fairly long period. Therefore, it is worth agreeing on placement several months before the expected airing of the commercial.

When choosing television, the following is assessed:

Number of audience

• coverage
• technical coverage
• rating

Audience quality

• socio-demographic characteristics
• consumer preferences
• compliance index
• channel format

Type of television

• ethereal
• cable
• satellite

Type of transmission

• interprogram space
• movie
• informational
• sports

Broadcast time

Broadcast frequency

Net

Mindfulness of perception

• advertising noise
  • low
  • high
• competitive presence
  • high
  • low

Channel status

• public-state
• private

Existing experience of efficiency

• own
• other advertisers.

In addition to the channel, program, and time period, you must select the size of the commercial and its place in the advertising block.

• Coverage
• Frequency
• General placement period
• Channels
• Transfers
• Block number
• Number of representatives of the target audience or predicted rating
• Ad size
• Dates and days of the week of placement
• Placement time
• Space in the block
• Number of outputs
• Total advertising cost
• Cost of contact with a thousand consumers or rating point
• Cost of the video.

Media planning on radio is in many ways similar to planning on television. In our next publication we will look at the specifics of media planning on the Internet.

Notes