Files and folders. Presentation on the topic: "Lesson topic: Operations with folders and files. Creating folders and files. Open the folder in which you want to create a folder or file. Open the folder in which.". Download for free and without registration Create folders and prez files

File name The file name consists of two parts: the actual name and the extension. The name of the file is chosen by the person who creates it. In Windows OS, the file name can have up to 255 characters, it can use letters of the Latin and Russian alphabets and some other symbols. IT IS FORBIDDEN!!! / \ : * ? |

File name The extension is automatically set by the program and indicates the file type. It tells the user and the computer what information is stored in the file and what program created the file. The extension almost always consists of three letters of the Latin alphabet. The extension is separated from the name by a dot.

File types Executable – files containing programs ready for execution; they can be recognized by the extensions com, exe. Text documents – have extensions txt, doc, rtf. Graphic – files containing images; their extensions – bmp, jpg, etc. Sound – files containing voices and music; their extensions are wav, mid.

File System The hard drive stores a huge number of files. They are stored in folders. To avoid confusion, all files are stored in a specific system: in folders, which, in turn, can be contained in other folders (be nested within them) and so on. Suppose there are several games recorded on the computer’s hard drive. The game is a set of files. Each game is stored in a separate folder, while for convenience, all folders with games can be nested in one common folder named Games.

My Computer The My Computer window opens by double-clicking on the icon of the same name located on the Desktop. The My Computer window contains icons for all the computer devices on which you can store files. It may also contain a Control Panel icon and a Printers icon. To find out what is stored on the C: drive, double-click on its icon and the window will display the contents of the drive. Let's look at one of the tools that allows you to see what files are stored on your computer.

Icons and Shortcuts The My Computer window can contain several types of icons: some to represent data files; others to represent program files; still others to represent folders; In addition, you can see shortcuts that provide quick access to a folder, program or document. Open a folder by double-clicking on its icon. Double click on the file icon to open the corresponding file.

Actions with files When working on a computer, the most common operations performed with files are modification, copying, deleting and moving. Here you can also draw an analogy with books in a library: LIBRARY FILE SYSTEM Book restoration (remove the book from the shelf, replace damaged pages, put it in place) File modification (open an existing file, make changes to it and save under the same name) Make a copy of the book when using a photocopier, bind it and place it in another closet or on another bookshelf. Now there are two identical books in the library Copy the file and save it in another folder Remove the book to be written off from the library Delete the file Take a book from the cabinet and put it in another cabinet or on another bookshelf Move the file

Working with files When working with files, you should not: delete a file without clearly determining whether this should be done; give the file a name that does not explain its contents; save the file in a folder where it will be difficult to find later; Delete or move files located in application program folders; this may cause the programs to stop working.

The most important thing is that a file is information stored in external memory as a single unit and designated by a name. The file name consists of two parts. The name of the file is chosen by the person who creates it. The extension is usually automatically set by the program that creates the file and indicates the file type. To avoid confusion, all files are stored in a specific system: in folders, which, in turn, can be nested in other folders and so on.

Buffer is a memory area intended for intermediate storage of information. Main menu is the menu that opens when you click the Start button on the Taskbar. Icon (pictogram, icon) - a graphical representation of a folder, file, shortcut, window, etc. A window is a closed rectangular segment of the screen. The taskbar is the gray bar located at the bottom of the screen. Folder – a place to store programs, documents, shortcuts and other folders. The desktop is the working surface of the screen, the main folder in Windows. A file is text or a collection of data with a unique name stored on disk. A shortcut is a representative of a folder, program or document, a small file, a kind of “address” of an object. There is an arrow at the bottom left of the shortcut icon. Formatting - preparing a disk so that Windows programs can work with it - disk partitioning, i.e. creating service marks on it, a file system, fixing defective areas, etc. When formatting, all data from the disk is erased. Disk fragmentation - the file is physically split into many clusters in different parts of the disk, which reduces the performance of the PC and accelerates the wear of the drives. When working intensively with files - recording, copying, deleting, adjusting, etc. - its level increases. Defragmentation eliminates all these negative consequences - the system rewrites all files to the beginning of the disk so that each file occupies a continuous sequence of clusters.

Topic: Files and folders

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A file is a program or data that has a name and is stored in long-term (external) memory. Like a person, each file has its own “first name” and “last name” (this is called the file “extension”). The file name can be up to 255 characters
Computer science. doc
given name
extension("surname")

Basic file extensions
FILE TYPE EXTENSION
exe, com Denotes an “executable” file that stores a program.
bat “Batch file” designed to run several programs (or commands) sequentially.
cfg Configuration file in which the program specifies its operating parameters.
dll “Dynamic link library” of data, which can be accessed as needed by several programs at once.
hlp A help file that stores “tips” and sometimes even a complete guide to a particular program.
txt, doc Text files.
htm, html Hypertext Internet document.
xls Spreadsheet.
dat Data file.
wav, mp3 Sound in digital format.
bmp, jpg Graphic information, pictures.
arj, zip, rar, 7z “Archive” files, i.e. information compressed using special programs - “archivers”. A single archive file can actually store many files.

Battleship.bmp Battleship.com Battleship.bat Battleship.wav Battleship.doc
Answer Battleship.com executable Battleship.wav musical Battleship.doc text Battleship.bmp graphic Battleship.bat batch
Assignment You opened the folder with the computer game “Battleship” and saw several files there. Arrange the files in the following order: executable, music, text, graphics, batch file

Attribute – one of the characteristics of a file
Attributes: Hidden. Files with these attributes are usually not visible to the user. To be on the safe side, as a rule, these files are very important for the functioning of the system. Read-Only. But these files are always open to prying eyes...But that’s all. Their content cannot be changed. System. This attribute, as a special sign of distinction, marks the most important files in the operating system that are responsible for booting the computer. Archive. This attribute is usually set while working with the file, when it is changed. At the end of the work session, it is usually removed.

A physical exercise to relieve fatigue from the shoulder girdle and arms
Starting position - standing or sitting, hands on the belt 1 - right hand forward, left up 2 - change the position of the hands Repeat 3-4 times, then relax down and shake your hands, tilt your head forward. The pace is average.

Folders
A folder is a group of files united according to a certain principle, which has a name and is designated.
The Pic folder stores graphic files. The Lessons folder stores other folders and files with information about lessons by grade.

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Creating a folder
RMB from scratch
change name

The file cannot include
the following characters:
Correct file name entry Incorrect file name entry
Informatika "Informatika"
Figure Figure*
6th grade

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File system
single-level
directory files
vasya.txt 360 bytes 03/12/2007 25 Examples.doc 13 Kb 04/25/2007 230 Ya.bmp 1.28 MB 09/13/2006 1235
number of the starting block (cluster) on the disk
size
Date of change
A file system is the order in which files are placed on a disk.

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File system
multi-level (tree)
Drive C: autoexec.bat
Documents Plan.doc Report.doc
Photo
Video Kuzya.avi Winnie the Pooh.wmv
2006 Ya.jpg Sharik.jpg
2007 Ku.jpg Zya.jpg
Root directory is the main directory of the disk.
A subfolder (subdirectory) is a folder located inside another folder.
Folder (directory) – combines files and subfolders
files
files
Files in the root directory

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Slide captions:

Files and folders

A file is information stored in long-term memory as a single unit and identified by a name.

The file name consists of two parts, separated by a dot: the actual file name and the extension that determines its type. The actual name of the file is given by the user, and the file type is usually set automatically by the program when it is created. Example: assignment. txt computer science. doc

File types File type Extension Executable files com, exe Text files txt, doc, rtf Graphic files bmp, jpg, gif Sound files wav, mid, mp3 Archives zip, rar, 7z Presentation files ppt

To avoid confusion, all files are stored in a specific system: in folders, which, in turn, can be nested in other folders and so on.

The file storage system is reminiscent of storing a large number of books in a library: Library Cabinet Shelf Book Book Title Disk Folder Subfolder File File Name

Operations with folders and files: copying (a copy of the file is placed in another directory); moving (the file itself is moved to another directory); deletion (the file entry is deleted from the directory); renaming (file name changes).

When working with files, you should not: delete a file without clearly determining whether this should be done; give the file a name that does not explain its contents; save the file in a folder where it will be difficult to find later; delete or move files located in application program folders - this may cause the programs to stop working.

Questions: 1. What is a file? 2. What parts does a file name consist of? 3. What rules should you follow when writing a file name? 4. Describe the disk file storage system. 5. What operations can be performed with files? 6. What actions should be avoided when working with files?

On the topic: methodological developments, presentations and notes

Files and folders

A file is information stored in long-term memory as a single unit and designated by a name. The file name consists of two parts: the actual name and the extension...

Presentation for a lesson for 7th grade students on the topic “Files and folders” in the subject of computer science. Objective of the lesson: to introduce students to the structure of a file and folder, to introduce the differences between objects, to...