What is a formula in a spreadsheet

2 Concept of a formula The purpose of a spreadsheet is primarily to automate calculations on data. To do this, formulas are entered into the table cells. Entering a formula begins with an equal sign. If you skip it, the entered formula will be perceived as text. Formulas can include numeric data, addresses of table objects, and various functions. Link – the address of an object (cell, row, column, range) used when writing a formula. There are arithmetic (algebraic) and logical formulas.

3 Arithmetic formulas Arithmetic formulas are similar to mathematical relationships. They use arithmetic operations (addition “+”, subtraction “-”, multiplication “*”, division “/”, exponentiation “^”. The formula is entered into the formula bar and begins with the = sign. The operands are cell addresses, contents which need to be summed up.

4 Example of calculation using arithmetic formulas Let the formula =A1+7*B2 be entered in C3, and the numerical values ​​3 and 5 be entered in cells A1 and B2, respectively. Then, when calculating using the given formula, the operation of multiplying the number 7 by the contents of cell B2 (number 5) will first be performed, and the contents of cell A1 (number 3) will be added to the product (35). The resulting result, equal to 38, will appear in cell C3 where this formula was entered.

5 Example of calculation using arithmetic formulas In this formula, A1 and B2 are cell references. The point of using links is that when the values ​​of the operands change, the result of the calculations displayed in cell C3 automatically changes. For example, let the value in cell A1 become equal to 1, and the value in B2 become 10, then a new value appears in cell C3 - 71. Please note that the formula has not changed.

6 Copying formulas Same type (similar) formulas are formulas that have the same structure (structure) and differ only in specific references. Example of similar formulas: =A1+5=A1*5=A1*B3=A1+B3=(A1+B3)*D2 =A2+5=B1*5=B1*C3=A2+B4=(C1+D5) *F4 =A3+5=C1*5=C1*D3=A3+B5=(D4+E6)*G5 =A4+5=D1*5=D1*E3=D1+E3=(B4+C6)*E5

7 Relative link This is a link that automatically changes when you copy a formula. Example: A relative reference is written in normal form, such as F3 or E7. In all cells where it will be placed after copying it, both the column letter and row number will change. A relative reference is used in a formula when it needs to change after copying. In cell C1, you have entered a formula that uses relative references. You can copy a formula by “pulling” the cell with the formula by the lower right corner onto the cells into which you want to copy. Look how the Formula has changed when Copying.

8 Absolute reference This is a reference that does not change when copying the formula. An absolute reference is written in a formula if both parts: the column letter and the row number should not change when copying it. This is indicated by using the $ symbol, which is placed before both the column letter and the row number. Example: Absolute link: $A$6. When you copy the formula =4+$A$6, exactly the same formulas will appear in all cells where it is copied. The formula uses absolute references. Please note that when you copy the formula to other cells, the formula itself will not change.

9 Mixed reference A mixed reference is used when, when copying a formula, only one part of the reference can change - either the column letter or the row number. In this case, the $ symbol is placed before that part of the link that should remain unchanged. Example: Mixed references with immutable column letter: $C8, $F12; mixed links with unchanged line number: A$5, F$9.

10 Rule for copying formulas Enter the original formula, indicating relative and absolute references in it. After entering the original formula, you need to copy it to the required cells. To do this: Method 1: 1. Select the cell where the formula is entered; 2. Copy this formula to the clipboard; 3. Select the range of cells into which the original formula should be copied. 4. Paste the formula from the buffer, thereby filling all the cells of the selected range. Method 2: You can copy a formula by “pulling” the cell with the formula by the lower right corner onto the cells into which you want to copy.
12 Tasks to complete Open a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet. In one file, create the following tables: 1. a table for finding the area of ​​a circle and the circumference of a given radius. 2. table for finding the area of ​​a triangle given the base and height. 3. table for finding the area of ​​a trapezoid based on given bases and height. 4. table for calculating body weight based on given volume and density. Radius, cmCircle area S, cm2 Circumference length, cm 1 3 5

1. Practical task
2. Summarizing

1. I invite students to test their knowledge of the definitions studied in the previous lesson. To do this, I use the “Test Yourself” presentation. I read out the definition and students name its number. Follow the hyperlink. We read the definition, make sure that the choice is correct or incorrect.
2. I formulate relative addressing principle: cell addresses used in formulas are not defined absolutely, but relative to the location of the formula.
3. For example: in the table on<Рисунке1>The ET perceives the formula in cell C1 as follows: add the value of the cell located two cells to the left with the value from the cell located one cell to the left of this formula.

Picture 1

Formulas in a spreadsheet
In its simplest form, a spreadsheet can be used as a calculator. Any formula that is entered into a cell begins with a sign = . All characters entered after this character (numbers, cell addresses, arithmetic signs, etc.) will be perceived as formula elements. For example, to evaluate the expression

Figure 2

In any cell of the table, just enter the following line
=(5+18^0.5 – 4*3)/(16^(1/2)+27^(1/3))-3e-2.
The result will be displayed in the same cell. The priority of operations is:

1. expressions in parentheses are evaluated,
2. exponentiation is performed,
3. multiplication and division are performed,
4. addition and subtraction are performed,

The following symbols are used as operators in formulas: + = - * / &< > ^
Tasks for practical work on a computer:
Enter formulas into any cell of the spreadsheet and compare the result with the answer

Figure 3

But, as a rule, the data necessary for the calculation is located in the cells of the spreadsheet, and in order to process this data using formulas, instead of numbers, it is enough to enter the addresses of the cells in which the data necessary for the calculation is located. For example, when a table with a list of products has already been created, where prices for products are placed in one of the columns, and the quantity of these products in the other, then to determine the cost of a certain number of products, it is enough to multiply the contents of the cell with price by the contents of the cell with quantity.

Figure 4

The figure shows that price and quantity are placed in cells respectively C2 And D2, in a cell E2 the result of the multiplication is placed, and the formula bar shows the formula according to which the product of the numbers in the cells is calculated C2 And D2, that is =C2*D2
In order to see a formula instead of the result in a cell, you need to go to the formula display mode: Tools – Options – View – Check the box to display “Formulas”
Let's check ourselves.
Addressing in formulas. Task on slide 8:

What number will appear in cell C6 if the formula =(B2+C2*B1+D1)/D2*A3 is entered into it? Answer: 8

Types of links
In most spreadsheets, the same formula is usually used multiple times for different rows. In Excel, you can spread a formula along a column in this way: just select the cell with the formula and use the autofill marker.

Figure 5

If, after filling in this way, you look at the cells with formulas, you will immediately notice that the spreadsheet in each cell with the formula has changed the addresses so that the structure of the formula created at the beginning is preserved. In the example under consideration, in each row the numbers located to the left of the cell with the formula are multiplied.

Figure 6

Now you can introduce new concepts and definitions.

1. If you need to write a formula in a spreadsheet while preserving the structure, that is, so that when the position of the cell with the formula changes, the address of the cell to which the formula refers also changes, then use relative links .
2. If, when changing the position of a cell with a formula, the address of the cell referenced in the formula should remain unchanged, then apply absolute reference .
3. When creating a relative link (it is used by default), specify the column letter and row number in the formula ( =C2*D2), when creating an absolute link, place the “$” symbol (dollar sign) in front of the column and row numbers. For example, in the formula =B3/$D$2 The reference to cell D2 is absolute.

A link in which the cell address changes when copying a formula is called relative.
A link in which the cell address does not change when copying a formula is called absolute.

Sometimes it becomes necessary to use a relative reference for a column and an absolute reference for a row, or vice versa. In such cases, the link is called mixed.
An example of using mixed references is presented in the “Multiplication Table”. IN 2 th row and column A numbers are located in the range from 10 to 20. At the intersection of the corresponding rows and columns is the product of these numbers. To quickly fill out this table when writing a formula in a cell B3 a mixed reference was used as to cells 2 th row and column cells A.

Figure 7

Mini-study. Determining the type of reference in a formula
Determine what formula is entered in a cell AT 3, if after this the multiplication table is created by copying the formula down, and then after highlighting the range B3:B12 to the right. Answer: =$A3*B$2
Let's check ourselves. Absolute and relative links.
In the table, the command to copy cell C1 to D1 is executed. What number will be in cell D1 after the command completes? Answer: 8
Entering and editing formulas
Features of entering formulas.
When entering a formula into a cell, the first character must be an equal sign "=". Then, depending on the type of formula, either symbols are entered (parentheses, arithmetic signs, numbers, cell addresses, etc.), or using the mouse cursor or navigation arrows they point to the cells that take part in the formula.
If, when entering a formula, you need to create an absolute or mixed link, then it is convenient to use the function key F4. Pressing this key multiple times will cause the symbol to appear or disappear. $ .
To correct errors or check the correctness of the formula, it is advisable to switch to the editing mode of the cell with the formula. In this mode, all cells referenced in the formula are highlighted with multi-colored frames, and to change the addresses, you just need to drag these frames to the desired cells with the mouse cursor. If it is necessary to change the type of link, then the required address is highlighted in the text of the formula and the key is used F4.
We reinforce what we have learned in class.
The values ​​of the variables are given: x=5; y=6; z=10. The distribution of variables across cells is shown in the table. You need to calculate the mathematical expression that includes these variables. To do this, in a spreadsheet, in any free cell, write a formula with links to cells with variables and compare the result with the answer.

Execution algorithm for the 1st example.

• Place in cells A2 - 5, B3 - 6; C1 - 10
• Enter the formula in any empty cell =(A2^2+B3^2+C1^2+64)^0.5
• Press Enter and the number 15 will appear in the cell instead of the formula

Do the rest of the examples yourself.

Getting ready for the Unified State Exam
1. Cell A1 of the spreadsheet contains the formula C2+$C3. What will the formula look like after copying the contents of cell A1 to B1?

1. D2+$D3
2. D2+$C3
3. D3+$C3
4. C2+$C3

2. Cell C2 of the spreadsheet contains the formula B4+$D3. What will the formula look like after copying the contents of cell C2 to B1?

1. A3+$D3
2. B2+$D2
3. A3+$D2
4. B3+$D3

3. The contents of cell C1 were first copied to cell D1 and then to D2. What number will appear in cell D2?

Calculations using spreadsheets (formulas) Application of formulas when using ET. 7th grade

“Write math formulas as spreadsheet formulas.”

c 2 + b 5 : d 4 ³ 3a 1 __ b 1 – k 1 a 12 + √ c 2 : b 1 – k 1	Write down mathematical formulas as spreadsheet formulas: b 5 : d 4 – c 2 2 4a 1 __ b 1 + k 1 Write the spreadsheet formulas as mathematical formulas: SQRT(D3-3*A4) N3/K4 +R2^2
Write down mathematical formulas as spreadsheet formulas: c 2 ³ + b 5 : d 4 b 1 –k 1 3a 1	c 2 ³ + b 5: d 4 b 1 +k 1 15a 1
Write down mathematical formulas as spreadsheet formulas: c 2 + b 5 : d 4 ³ 3a 1 __ b 1 - k 1 a 12 + √ c 2 : b 1 - k 1 2. Write the spreadsheet formulas as mathematical formulas: SQRT(D3-F4*4) R2^2+N3/K4	Write down mathematical formulas as spreadsheet formulas: b 5 : d 4 – c 2 2 4a 1 __ b 1 + k 1 √ c 2 : b 1 – k 1 + c 2 2.Write the spreadsheet formulas as mathematical formulas:
Write down mathematical formulas as spreadsheet formulas: c 2 ³ + b 5 : d 4 b 1 –k 1 3a 1 a 12 + √ c 2 + b 1 k 1 Write the spreadsheet formulas as mathematical formulas:	1. Write down mathematical formulas in the form of spreadsheet formulas: c 2 ³ + b 5 : d 4 b 1 +k 1 15a 1 a 12 + √ c 2 : b 1 + k 1 2.Write the spreadsheet formulas as mathematical formulas:

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"Plan outline"

Lesson summary on Federal State Educational Standards

Lesson topic. Spreadsheets

The purpose of the lesson: develop the skills of creating, editing, formatting and performing simple calculations in spreadsheets

Lesson objectives:

Educational:

Practical application of the studied material.

Consolidating knowledge of the general principles of operation of the MS EXCEL spreadsheet processor and the ability to create a table to solve a specific problem.

Forming an understanding of calculations in spreadsheets as an important, useful and widely used structure in practice.

Educational:

Development of individual and group practical work skills.

Development of the ability to reason logically and make heuristic conclusions.

Development of skills to apply knowledge to solve problems of various kinds using spreadsheets.

Educational:

Fostering a creative approach to work and a desire to experiment.

Development of cognitive interest, education of information culture.

Professional guidance and preparation for further self-education for future work.

Lesson type: combined.

Lesson format: conversation, group work, individual work.

Lesson software and hardware:

multimedia projector;

computer class;

MS EXCEL program.

Lesson stage	Time, min	Target		Methods and working methods	Forms of organization of educational activities	Activity teachers	Activity students	Formation of universal educational activities
Organizing time		Organization of educational activities				Ensures that lessons start on time and in an organized manner.	Teachers greet and take their jobs
Updating of reference knowledge		updating and testing knowledge	Adj. 1 and 2	Worksheet assignment	Group	Gives explanations on how to complete the task on pre-laid out sheets.	Perform tasks in pairs, self-test using the key and the slide presented on the screen, self-test,	personal (moral and ethical assessment of the content being learned, awareness of responsibility for the common cause) communicative (planning educational cooperation with the teacher and classmates) Regulatory (self-esteem)
Communication and assimilation of new knowledge			Why do you think the idea of ​​creating a spreadsheet came about? Why didn't you use the built-in table of the text editor?	Verbal (story) Visual (presentation)	Frontal	Introduction:	ET is a convenient cognitive tool for presenting, displaying and calculating quantitative information	Regulatory (Goal setting, planning)
			This situation has never happened to anyone in life: when you come to the store you need to pay for a purchase, which consists of notebooks, pens, pencils and albums, and you have 300 rubles in cash. 1. Answer the question whether you have enough money to pay for the purchase. 2.Why can’t you give an answer right away? Today we will solve this problem. Let's learn how to use formulas in tables.	Verbal (conversation) Visual (presentation)	Frontal	Formulation of the problem		Cognitive (Problem formulation and solution)
			Teacher's explanations Formulas are written in cells or the formula bar. Writing a formula begins with the “=” sign and not the contents of the cell are written, but its address. Let's determine how to find the cost of goods. 1. In which cell is the price of the notebook, and in which is its quantity? 2. Let's calculate the cost of each product separately. Let's return to the task: Do you have enough funds to pay for the purchase? Micro-inference: how to write the formula correctly? The creation of spreadsheets began in 1979, when two students, Dan Bricklin and Bob Frankston, created the first spreadsheet program on an Apple II computer, called VisiCalc (visual calculator). The main idea of ​​the program was to place numbers in some cells, and calculate formulas and number conversions in others.	Verbal (conversation) Visual (presentation)	Frontal	Solution	Write down, make up formulas	Logical universal actions
Fizminutka
Reinforcing the material learned				Practical (independent work at the computer)	Individual	Gives a task	They sit down at the computers and complete the task.	Cognitive (analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization, analogy, classification) Communicative (expressing one’s thoughts with sufficient completeness and accuracy)
Homework assignment			On the slide		Frontal	Provides an understanding of the purpose, content and methods of completing homework.	Receive information about the success of achieving real training results. Write down homework.
Summing up the lesson
Reflection					Frontal	Mobilizes students to reflect on their behavior.	Fill out reflection sheets	personal (self-esteem based on the criterion of success; adequate understanding of the reasons for success/failure in activities) Cognitive (monitoring and evaluation of the process and results of activities, self-assessment based on success criteria)

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"adj 1"

Enter the names of program interface elements

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"adj 2"

Test on spreadsheetsMS Excel

The spreadsheet is intended for:

processing numerical data structured using tables;

orderly storage and processing of text data;

visualization of structural relationships between data presented in tables;

editing graphical representations of large amounts of information.

The spreadsheet is:

a set of numbered lines and columns designated in Latin letters;

a set of rows and numbered columns designated in Latin letters;

a collection of numbered rows and columns;

a collection of rows and columns named arbitrarily.

Spreadsheet rows:

are named by the user in any way;

are numbered.

In general, the columns of a spreadsheet are:

are indicated by letters of the Latin alphabet;

numbered;

are indicated by letters of the Russian alphabet;

are named arbitrarily by the user.

For the user, a spreadsheet cell is designated:

the column name and row number at the intersection of which the cell is located;

the address of the machine word of RAM allocated for the cell;

a special code word;

a name arbitrarily specified by the user.

An active cell is a cell:

to record commands;

in which data entry is performed.

Select the correct cell labels:

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Name field

Title bar

Program menu

Standard panel

Format panel

Formula bar

Current cell

Sheet Labels

Scroll bars

Status bar

Sheet Label Scroll Buttons

Sheet Labels

Quantity

Pencil

Price

In the store you need to purchase 5 albums for 15 rubles, 4 pens for 10 rubles, 2 sets of pencils for 35 rubles and 10 notebooks for 12 rubles. At the same time, you have 300 rubles with you.

Quantity

Pencil

Price

Formulas in spreadsheets

The formula always begins with an = (equals) sign. It can contain numbers, cell or range addresses, function names connected by operation signs +, –, * (multiply), / (divide), ^ (raise to a power) and parentheses. For example, =3*4/5 or =D4/(A5–0.77) +SUM(C1:C5).

In the cell we see the result (the numerical value of the expression). To view the formula by which calculations are performed, you need to make the cell current. Then you can see the expression in the formula bar, and its numerical value in the cell itself.

To insert a cell name into a formula, the easiest way is to click on the cell whose name you want to insert into the formula. The name appears in the position of the formula bar where the text cursor was located.

Excel has many special functions that you can use in calculations. The presence of a large number of standard functions allows you not only to automate the calculation process, but also to save time. With their help, both simple and quite complex operations are performed.

Function is a program that performs certain operations or calculates a certain value, such as a total value, an average value, a monthly percentage, or the geometric mean of a group of numbers.

Financial

Function assignment

Calculation of interest rate, monthly and amortization charges.

date and time

Displaying the current time, day of the week, processing values

Mathematical

date and time.

Statistical

Calculation of absolute values, standard trigonometric

Calculation of arithmetic mean, variance, standard deviation, largest and smallest

and trigonometric functions, determinant of a matrix, values ​​of the square root of a number.

sample numbers, correlation coefficients.

Calculate the value of a specific range; creating a hyperlink to network or web documents.

Working with the database

Perform analysis of information contained in lists or databases.

Text

Converting the case of text characters, truncating a specified number of characters from the right or left edge of a text string, merging text strings.

brain teaser

Processing Boolean Values.

Information

Transferring information about the current status of a cell, object or environment

Engineering

from Excel to Windows.

Performing operations with complex variables, converting from one number system to another, etc.

Entering functions

Before entering a function, make sure that the cell where you want to place it is active. Press [ = ] .

The left side of the formula bar displays the name of the function that was last called. Clicking the arrow next to it reveals a list containing the names of ten recently used functions. If the function you want is in the list, click its name.

The function arguments can be a numeric value, a cell address (absolute or relative), or a range name.

If the function you need is not listed, click the button Inserting a function formula bars or select More Functions.

Function Wizard

Formulas can use references to cell addresses. There are two main types of links: relative and absolute. The differences between relative and absolute references occur when you copy a formula from the active cell to other cells.

Relative links. When you move or copy a formula from the active cell, the relative references automatically change based on the position of the cell into which the formula was copied. When you move the cell position by one row, the row numbers in the formula change by one, and when you move it by one column, the column names are shifted by one letter.

Absolute references in formulas are used to specify a fixed cell address. When you move or copy a formula, absolute references do not change. Absolute references precede the immutable column name and row number with a dollar sign (for example, $A$1).

Present

Silver, piles

Weight per unit, poods

Sable, pieces

Quantity

Brocade, bales

Total weight, pounds

Fruits, boxes

Total:

load ≤ 45

• I found out…
• it was interesting…
• it was difficult…
• I completed tasks...
• I realized that...
• Now I can…
• I felt that...
• I purchased...
• I learned…
• I managed …
• I was able...
• I will try…
• I was surprised...
• classes gave me life...
• I wanted…

© K. Polyakov, 2009-2011

Subject: Spreadsheets.

What you need to know:

• 
  A cell address in spreadsheets consists of the column name followed by the row number, for example C15
• 
  formulas in spreadsheets begin with = (“equals”)
• 
  The signs +, –, *, / and ^ in formulas mean addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and exponentiation, respectively
• 
  the entry B2:C4 means a range, that is, all cells inside the rectangle bounded by cells B2 and C4:

• 
  for example, the formula =SUM(B2:C4) calculates the sum of the values ​​in cells B2, B3, B4, C2, C3 and C4
• 
  In Unified State Exam tasks, the standard functions COUNT (number of non-empty cells), SUM (sum), AVERAGE (average value), MIN (minimum value), MAX (maximum value) can be used.
• 
  the AVERAGE function does not take into account empty cells and cells filled with text when calculating the arithmetic mean; for example, after entering the formula in C2, the value 2 will appear (cell A2 is empty):

the COUNT(A1:B2) function in this case will return the value 3 (not 4).

• 
  Cell addresses (or cell references) can be relative, absolute, or mixed; the whole difference between them appears when copying the formula to another cell:

• 
  V absolute in addresses, a dollar sign $ is placed before the column name and row number; such addresses do not change when copied; this is what happens if the formula =$B$2+$C$3 copy from D5 to all adjacent cells

the $ sign “fixes” the value: in absolute addresses, both the column name and row number are fixed

• 
  V relative there are no dollar signs in addresses, such addresses change when copied: the column (row) number changes by as much as the number of the column (row) where the copied formula ended up differs from the column (row) number of the original cell; this is what happens if the formula =B2+C3 (both addresses in it are relative) copy from D5 to all adjacent cells:

• 
  V mixed in addresses, part of the address (line or column) is absolute, it is “fixed” with the $ sign, and the second part is relative; the relative part will change when copied in the same way as for a relative reference:

Example task:

Cell B4 of the spreadsheet contains the formula = $C3*2. What will the formula look like after cell B4 is copied to cell B6? Note: The $ sign is used to indicate absolute addressing.

1) =$C5*4 2) =$C5*2 3) =$C3*4 4) =$C3*2

Solution:

1. 
   link $C3 is a mixed link where column C is “locked” and row 3 is a relative address;
2. 
   after cell B4 was copied to B6, the row number increased by 2, so in link $C3 the row number (relative part) will also increase by 2, the link will turn into $C5
3. 
   constants do not change when copying formulas, so it turns out =$C5*2
4. 
   therefore, the correct answer is 2.

Another example task:

Three countries: the Kingdom of Belgium, the Kingdom of the Netherlands and the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg form an economic and political union called Benelux. Below is a fragment of a spreadsheet characterizing each of the countries of the union and the union as a whole:

	A	B	C	D
1	A country	Population (thousand people)	Square (sq. km)	Population density (persons/sq.km)
2	Belgium	10 415	30 528	341
3	Netherlands	16 357	41 526	394
4	Luxembourg	502	2 586	194
5	Benelux as a whole	27 274	74 640

What value should be in cell D5?

1) 365 2) 929 3) 310 4) 2,74

Solution:

1. 
   we must remember that population density is calculated as the ratio of population to area (not vice versa!);
2. 
   Don’t forget to convert the population from thousands of people to units: 27,274,000 people
3. 
   therefore for the entire Benelux we get 27,274,000 / 74,640 ≈ 365
4. 
   therefore, the correct answer is 1.

Another example task:

=SUM(B1:B2)is equal to 5. What is the value of cell B3 if the value of the formula=AVERAGE(B1:B3)equals 3?

1) 8 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4

Solution:

1. 
   function SUM(B1:B2) calculates the sum of the values ​​of cells B1 and B2, so B1 + B2 = 5
2. 
   function AVERAGE(B1:B3) calculates the arithmetic mean of the range B1:B3
3. 
   strictly speaking, such problems are ill-posed because
   1. 
      the AVERAGE function takes into account only numerical data (numbers or formulas that, when calculated, result in a number), that is, the following options are possible:

AVERAGE(B1:B3)=SUM(B1:B3), if there is only one numeric cell

AVERAGE(B1:B3)=SUM(B1:B3)/2 if there are two numeric cells

AVERAGE(B1:B3)=SUM(B1:B3)/3, if all three cells are numeric

1. 
   the condition does not specify how many numeric cells are in the range B1:B3
1. 
   in such a situation, it is most logical to assume that all three cells contain numerical data (in all problems of this type known to the author, this is the assumption used)
2. 
   so, into the range B1:B3 includes three cells; we assume that they all contain numerical data, then the arithmetic mean is the sum of their values ​​divided by 3; thus B1 + B2 + B3 = 3 3 = 9
3. 
   since B1 + B2 = 5, we immediately get B3 = 9 – 5 = 4
4. 
   so the correct answer is 4.

Another example task:

	A	IN	WITH
1	10	20	= A1+B$1
2	30	40

What will the cell value be equal to? C2 , if you copy the formula from the cell into it C1 ? Sign$ stands for absolute addressing.

1) 40 2) 50 3)60 4) 70

Solution:

1. 
   this is a task on using absolute and relative addresses in spreadsheets
2. 
   remember that when copying, all relative addresses change (according to the direction in which the formula is moved), but absolute addresses do not
3. 
   the formula in C1 uses two addresses: A1 and B$1
4. 
   address A1 is relative, it can be changed completely (both row and column)
5. 
   address B$1 is mixed, in it the row number is “fixed” with a dollar sign, but the column name is not, so only the column name can change when copying
6. 
   when copying from C1 to C2, the column does not change, but the row number increases by 1, so in C2 we get the formula = A2+ B$1 (here it is taken into account that the second address has a “fixed” line number)
7. 
   the sum of cells A2 and B1 is 30 + 20 = 50

1. 
   

Another example task:

	A	IN	WITH
1	1	2
2	2	6	=COUNT(A1:B2)
3			=AVERAGE(A1:C2)

How the cell value will change C3 , if after entering formulas you move the cell contents B2 to B3? (“+1” means increase by 1, and “–1” means decrease by 1)

1) –2 2) –1 3) 0 4) +1

Solution:

1. 
   this is a task on knowing the features of the COUNT and AVERAGE functions, which do not take into account empty cells
2. 
   after entering formulas in C2, the number of non-empty cells in the range A1:B2 will be equal to 4
3. 
   

(1+2+2+6+4)/5 = 3

1. 
   after movements(do not copy!) the contents of cell B2 in B3, cell B2 will be empty, so the number 3 is displayed in C2 - the number non-empty cells range A1:B2
2. 
   in C3 the average value of the range A1:C2 will be displayed equal to

(1+2+2+3)/4 = 2,

that is, the value of C3 will decrease by 1

1. 
   so the correct answer is 2.

Objectives for training 1:

1. 
   Cell B1 contains the formula =2*$A1. What form will the formula take after cell B1 is copied to cell C2?

1) =2*$B1 2) =2*$A2 3) =3*$A2 4) =3*$B2Н

1. 
   Cell C2 contains the formula =$E$3+D2. What form will the formula take after cell C2 is copied to cell B1?

1) =$E$3+C1 2) =$D$3+D2 3) =$E$3+E3 4) =$F$4+D2

1. 
   Given is a fragment of the spreadsheet:

	A	B	C	D
1	5	2	4
2	10	1	6

The formula is entered in cell D2 =A2*B1+C1. As a result, the following value will appear in cell D2:

1) 6 2) 14 3) 16 4) 24

1. 
   Cell A1 of the spreadsheet contains the formula =D1-$D2. What form will the formula take after cell A1 is copied to cell B1?

1) =E1-$E2 2) =E1-$D2 3) =E2-$D2 4) =D1-$E2

1. 
   Given is a fragment of the spreadsheet:

	A	IN	WITH	D
1	1	2	3
2	4	5	6
3	7	8	9

The formula is entered in cell D1 =$A$1*B1+C2, and then copied to cell D2. What value will appear in cell D2 as a result?

1) 10 2) 14 3) 16 4) 24

1. 
   Cell B2 contains the formula =$D$2+E2. What will the formula look like if cell B2 is copied into cell A1?

1) =$D$ 2+E1 2) =$D$2+C2 3) =$D$2+D2 4) =$D$2+D1

1. 
   In cell NW of the spreadsheet the following formula is written: =$A$1+B1. What will the formula look like if cell NW is copied into cell VZ?

1) =$A$1+A1 2) =$В$1+ВЗ 3) =$A$1+VZ 4) =$B$1+C1

1. 
   When working with a spreadsheet, the formula is written in cell E3 =B2+$NW. What form will the formula take after cell E3 is copied to cell D2?

1) =A1+$NW 2) =A1+$C2 3) =E2+$D2 4) =D2+$E2

1. 
   Spreadsheet cell B4 contains the formula =C2+$A$2. What form will the formula take if cell B4 is copied to cell C5?

1) =D2+$B$3 2) =C5+$A$2 3) =D3+$A$2 4) =NW+$A$3

1. 
   Spreadsheet cell A1 contains the formula =$D1+D$2. What form will the formula take if cell A1 is copied into cell B3?

1) =D1+$E2 2) =D3+$F2 3) =E2+D$2 4) =$D3+E$2

1. 
   Given is a fragment of the spreadsheet:

	A	IN	WITH
1	2	3
2	4	5	=COUNT(A1:B2)
3			=AVERAGE(A1:C2)

How will the value of cell C3 change if, after entering formulas, you move the contents of cell B2 to B3? (“+1” means an increase by 1, and “–1” means a decrease by 1):

1) –1 2) –0,6 3) 0 4) +0,6

1. 
   In a spreadsheet the value of a formula =AVERAGE(A6: C6) equals ( -2 ). What is the value of the formula =SUM(A6: D6) , if the value of cell D6 is 5?

1) 1 2) -1 3) -3 4) 7

1. 
   In a spreadsheet the value of a formula =AVERAGE(A6: C6) equals 0.1. What is the value of the formula =SUM(A6: D6) , if the value of cell D6 is (–1)?

1) – 0,7 2) - 0,4 3) 0,9 4) 1,1

1. 
   In a spreadsheet the value of a formula =AVERAGE(B5: E5) equals 100. What is the value of the formula =SUM(B5: F5) if the value of cell F5 is 10?

1) 90 2) 110 3) 310 4) 410

1. 
   In a spreadsheet the value of a formula =AVERAGE(A6: C6) equals 2 . What is the value of the formula =SUM(A6: D6) , if the value of cell D6 is -5?

1) 1 2) -1 3) -3 4) 7

1. 
   In a spreadsheet the value of a formula =SUM(C3: E3) equals 15. What is the value of the formula =AVERAGE(C3: F3) , if the value of cell F3 is 5?

1) 20 2) 10 3) 5 4) 4

1. 
   The dynamic (electronic) table shows the vehicle mileage (in km) and total diesel fuel consumption (in liters) in four fleets from July 12 to July 15.

	July, 12		July 13		the 14 th of July		July 15		In four days
Name of vehicle fleet	Mileage	Consumption	Mileage	Consumption	Mileage	Consumption	Mileage	Consumption	Mileage	Consumption
Motorcade No. 11	9989	2134	9789	2056	9234	2198	9878	2031	38890	8419
Cargo taxi	490	101	987	215	487	112	978	203	2942	631
Motor depot No. 6	1076	147	2111	297	4021	587	1032	143	8240	1174
Transavtopark	998	151	2054	299	3989	601	1023	149	8064	1200

Which farm has the lowest average fuel consumption per 100 km over these four days?

1) Motorcade No. 11

2) Cargo taxi

3) Motor depot No. 6

4) Transport fleet

1. 
   In a spreadsheet the value of a formula =AVERAGE(A1: C1) is equal to 5. What is the value of cell D1 if the value of the formula =SUM(A1: D1) equals 7?

1) 2 2) -8 3) 8 4) -3

1. 
   In a spreadsheet the value of a formula =AVERAGE(B1: D1) is equal to 4. What is the value of cell A1 if the value of the formula =SUM(A1: D1) equals 9?

1) -3 2) 5 3) 1 4) 3

1. 
   In a spreadsheet the value of a formula =AVERAGE(A1: B4) is equal to 3. What is the value of cell A4 if the value of the formula =SUM(A1: B3) is 30 and the value of cell B4 is 5?

1) -11 2) 11 3) 4 4) -9

1. 
   =SUM(B1:C4)+F2*E4– A3

	A	B	C	D	E	F
1	1	3	4	8	2	0
2	4	–5	–2	1	5	5
3	5	5	5	5	5	5
4	2	3	1	4	4	2

1) 19 2) 29 3) 31 4) 71

1. 
   The figure shows a fragment of a spreadsheet. Determine what the value calculated using the following formula will be: =SUM(A1:C2)*F4*E2-D3

	A	B	C	D	E	F
1	1	3	4	8	2	0
2	4	–5	–2	1	5	5
3	5	5	5	5	5	5
4	2	3	1	4	4	2

1) –15 2) 0 3) 45 4) 55

1. 
   In a spreadsheet the value of a formula =AVERAGE(A4: C4) =SUM(A4: D4) , if the value of cell D4 is 6?

1) 1 2) 11 3) 16 4) 21

1. 
   In a spreadsheet the value of a formula =AVERAGE(A3: D4) equals 5. What is the value of the formula =AVERAGE(A3: C4) , if the formula value =SUM(D3: D4) equals 4?

1) 1 2) 3 3) 4 4) 6

1. 
   In a spreadsheet the value of a formula =AVERAGE(C2: D5) equals 3. What is the value of the formula =SUM(C5: D5) , if the formula value =AVERAGE(C2:D4) equals 5?

1) –6 2) –4 3) 2 4) 4

1. 
   The dynamic (electronic) table shows the values ​​of sown areas (in hectares) and yield (in centners).

Cereals	Zarya		Pervomayskoe		Victory		Dawn
	Crops	Harvest	Crops	Harvest	Crops	Harvest	Crops	Harvest
Wheat	600	15600	900	23400	300	7500	1200	31200
Rye	100	2200	500	11000	50	1100	250	5500
Oats	100	2400	400	9600	50	1200	200	4800
Barley	200	6000	200	6000	100	3100	350	10500
Total	1000	26200	2000	50000	500	12900	2000	52000

Which farm has achieved the maximum grain yield (in terms of gross yield, in centners per hectare)?

1) Zarya 2) Pervomayskoye 3) Pobeda 4) Rassvet

1. 
   Given is a fragment of the spreadsheet:

	B	C	D
69	5	10
70	6	9	=COUNT(B69:C70)
71			=AVERAGE(B69:D70)

After moving the contents of cell C70 to cell C71, the value in cell D71 will change in absolute value to:

1) 2,2 2) 2,0 3) 1,05 4) 0,8

1. 
   Given is a fragment of the spreadsheet:

	B	C	D
69	5	10
70	6	9	=COUNT(B69:C70)
71			=AVERAGE(B69:D70)

After you move the contents of cell B69 to cell D69, the value in cell D71 will change from its previous value to:

1) –0,2 2) 0 3) 1,03 4) –1,3

1. 
   The dynamic (electronic) table shows data on the sale of tours by the travel agency “All for Rest” for 4 months. For each month, the total number of vouchers sold and the average price of one voucher were calculated.

A country	May		June		July		August
	Sold, pcs.	Price, thousand rubles	Sold, pcs.	Price, thousand rubles	Sold, pcs.	Price, thousand rubles	Sold, pcs.	Price, thousand rubles
Egypt	12	24	15	25	10	22	10	25
Türkiye	13	27	16	27	12	26	11	28
UAE	12	19	12	22	10	21	9	22
Croatia	5	30	7	34	13	35	10	33
Sold, pcs.	42		50		45		40
Average price, thousand rubles.	25		27		26		27

It is known that the company’s income from the sale of each voucher does not depend on the vacation destination and is equal to 10% of the average price of a voucher in the current month. In which month was the travel agency's maximum income?

1. 
   In a spreadsheet the value of a formula =AVERAGE(D1:D4) equals 8. What is the value of the formula =AVERAGE(D2: D4) if the value of cell D1 is 11?

1) 19 2) 21 3) 7 4) 32

1. 
   The figure shows a fragment of a spreadsheet. In cell B2 we wrote the formula =($A2*10+B$1)^2 and copied it down 2 lines, into cells B3 and B4. What number will appear in cell B4?

	A	B	C	D
1		0	1	1
2	1
3	2
4	3
5

1) 144 2) 300 3) 900 4) 90

1. 
   The figure shows a fragment of a spreadsheet. What will be the value of cell B4 in which the formula was written =SUM(A1: B2; C3) ?

	A	B	C	D
1	1	2	3
2	4	5	6
3	7	8	8
4

1) 14 2) 15 3) 17 4) 20

1. 
   Spreadsheet cell C3 contains the formula = B2+$ D$3- E$2 . What will the formula look like if cell C3 is copied to cell C4?

1) =B3+$G$3-E$2 2) =B3+$D$3-E$3
3) =B3+$D$3-E$2 4) =B3+$D$3-F$2

1. 
   The figure shows a fragment of a spreadsheet. The formula is entered in cell D3 = B2+$ B3-$ A$1 . What number will appear in cell C4 if you copy the formula from cell D3 into it?

	A	B	C	D
1	5	10
2	6	12
3	7	14
4	8	16

1) 8 2) 18 3) 21 4) 26

1 Quest sources:

1. 
   Demonstration versions of the Unified State Exam 2004-2011.
2. 
   Guseva I.Yu. Unified State Exam. Computer science: practice test handouts. - St. Petersburg: Trigon, 2009.
3. 
   Krylov S.S., Ushakov D.M. Unified State Exam 2010. Computer Science. Thematic workbook. - M.: Exam, 2010.
4. 
   Yakushkin P.A., Ushakov D.M. The most complete edition of standard versions of real tasks of the Unified State Exam 2010. Computer science. - M.: Astrel, 2009.
5. 
   M.E. Abrahamyan, S.S. Mikhalkovich, Ya.M. Rusanova, M.I. Cherdyntseva. Computer science. Unified State Exam step by step. – M.: Research Institute of School Technologies, 2010.
6. 
   Churkina T.E. Unified State Exam 2011. Computer Science. Thematic training tasks. - M.: Eksmo, 2010.
7. 
   Yakushkin P.A., Leshchiner V.R., Kirienko D.P. Unified State Exam 2011. Computer Science. Typical test tasks. - M.: Exam, 2011.
8. 
   Samylkina N.N., Ostrovskaya E.M. Unified State Exam 2011. Computer Science. Thematic training tasks. - M.: Eksmo, 2010.

http://kpolyakov.narod.ru

Basic data types and formats

When working with spreadsheets, there are three main types of data: numbers, text, and formulas.

Numbers. Several different formats can be used to represent numbers ( numeric, exponential, fractional And percentage). There are special formats for storing dates (for example, 09/25/2003) and time(for example, 13:30:55), and also financial And monetary formats (for example, 1500.00 rubles) that are used in accounting calculations.

By default, spreadsheets use a number format to represent numbers, which displays two decimal places after the decimal point (for example, 195.20).

Scientific format is used if a number containing a large number of digits does not fit in the cell. In this case, the digits of a number are represented using positive or negative powers of 10. For example, the numbers 2000000 and 0.000002, represented in scientific notation as 2 × 10 6 and 2 × 10 -6, would be written in a spreadsheet cell as 2. 00E+06 and 2.00E-06.

By default, numbers are aligned to the right in a cell. This is explained by the fact that when placing numbers under each other (in a table column), it is convenient to have alignment by digits (units under units, tens under tens, etc.).

Text. Text in spreadsheets is a sequence of characters consisting of letters, numbers and spaces. For example, the sequence of numbers "2004" is text. By default, text is aligned left in a cell. This is due to the traditional way of writing (from left to right).

Formulas. The formula must begin with an equal sign and can include numbers, cell names, functions, and mathematical symbols. However, the formula cannot include text.

For example, the formula =A1+B1 provides the addition of numbers stored in cells A1 and B1, and the formula =A1*5 multiplies the number stored in cell A1 by 5. When the initial values ​​included in the formula change, the result is recalculated immediately.

As you enter a formula, it is displayed both in the cell itself and in the formula bar (Fig. 1.1). After the end of the input, which is provided by pressing the Enter key, the cell displays not the formula itself, but the result of calculations using this formula.

To view the formula, you need to select the cell with the formula; the previously entered formula will appear in the formula bar. To edit a formula, you need to click on a cell or formula bar and edit it. To simultaneously view all entered formulas, you can set a special formula display mode, in which not the results of calculations, but the formulas themselves are displayed in the cells.

Entering and copying data. Entering numbers, texts and formulas into cells is done using the keyboard.

You can enter cell names into formulas by selecting the desired cell using the mouse.

Data can be copied or moved from one cell or range of cells to another cell or range of cells. During the copying process, you can paste into cells not only the data itself, but also the data format and cell design parameters (border type and fill color).

To quickly copy data from one cell to all cells of a certain range at once, a special method is used: first select the cell and the required range, and then enter the command [ Fill-down] (right, up, left).

Control questions

1. What types of data can be processed in spreadsheets?

2. In what formats can data be presented in spreadsheets?

1. Short answer task. Write down the formulas:

- adding numbers stored in cells A1 and B1;
- subtracting numbers stored in cells A3 and B5;
- multiplying numbers stored in cells C1 and C2;
- division of numbers stored in cells A10 and B10.

Relative, absolute and mixed references

Formulas can use references to cell addresses. There are two main types of links: relative and absolute. The differences between relative and absolute references occur when you copy a formula from the active cell to other cells.

Relative links. When you move or copy a formula from the active cell, the relative references automatically change based on the position of the cell into which the formula was copied. When you move the cell position by one row, the row numbers in the formula change by one, and when you move it by one column, the column names are shifted by one letter.

So, when copying a formula from the active cell C1, containing relative references to cells A1 and B1, to cell D2, the column names and row numbers in the formula will change one step to the right and down, respectively. When copying a formula into cell E3, the column names and row numbers in the formula will change by two steps to the right and down, respectively, etc. (Table 1.3).

Table 1.3. Relative links

A IN WITH D E 1 =A1*B1 2 =B2*C2 3 =C3*D3

Let's create a fragment of the multiplication table in spreadsheets. In columns A and B we will place the numbers from 1 to 9, and in column C - their products.

To do this, enter the number 1 in cells A1 and B1, the formula =A1*B1 in cell C1, and the formulas =A1+1 and =B1+1 with relative links in cells A2 and B2. Then, to fill out the table, it will be enough to simply copy the formulas into the underlying cells (Table 1.4).

Table 1.4. Fragment of the multiplication table

A IN WITH 1 1 1 =A1*B1 2 =A1+1 =B1+1 =A2*B2 3 =A2+1 =B2+1 =A3*B3 4 =A3+1 =B3+1 =A4*B4 5 =A4+1 =B4+1 =A5*B5 6 =A5+1 =B5+1 =A6*B6 7 =A6+1 =B6+1 =A7*B7 8 =A7+1 =B7+1 =A8*B8 9 =A8+1 =B8+1 =A9*B9

Absolute links. Absolute references in formulas are used to specify a fixed cell address. When you move or copy a formula, absolute references do not change. Absolute references precede the immutable column name and row number with a dollar sign (for example, $A$1).

Thus, when copying a formula from the active cell C1, which contains absolute references to cells $A$1 and $B$1, the values ​​of the columns and rows in the formula will not change (Table 1.5).

Table 1.5. Absolute links

A IN WITH D E 1 =$A$1*$B$1 2 =$A$1*$B$1 3 =$A$1*$B$1

As an example of using an absolute reference in a formula, consider the conversion of prices from dollars to rubles. Previously, a table was compiled containing the prices of computer devices in conventional units. In order to calculate the prices of devices in rubles, it is necessary to multiply the price in conventional units by the value of its exchange rate to the ruble.

Let the names of the devices be placed in the cells of column A, their prices in conventional units - in the cells of column B, prices in rubles will be calculated in the cells of column C, and the value of the exchange rate of the conventional unit to the ruble is stored in cell E2. Then in cell C 2 you need to enter the formula =B2*$E$2, containing an absolute link, and copy it to the underlying cells of column C (Table 1.6).

Table 1.6. Calculating the price of computer devices in rubles at a given dollar exchange rate

A IN WITH D E 1 Device Price in USD Price in rubles Dollar to ruble exchange rate 2 Motherboard 80 =B2*$E$2 1 USD= 29 3 CPU 70 =VZ*$E$2 4 RAM 15 =B4*$E$2 5 HDD 100 =B5*$E$2 6 Monitor 200 =B6*$E$2 7 3.5" drive 12 =B7*$E$2 8 CD-ROM drive 30 =B8*$E$2 9 Frame 25 =B9*$E$2 10 Keyboard 10 =B10*$E$2 11 Mouse 5 =B11*$E$2 12 TOTAL: =SUM(B2:B11) =SUM(C2:C11)

Mixed links. You can use mixed references in the formula, in which the column coordinate is relative and the row coordinate is absolute (for example, A$1), or, conversely, the column coordinate is absolute and the row coordinate is relative (for example, $B1) (Table 1.7).

Table 1.7. Mixed links

A IN WITH D E 1 =A$1*$B1 2 =B$1*$B2 3 =C$1*$B3

As an example of using a mixed reference in a formula, you can consider the conversion of prices from conventional units into rubles at two rates (dollar and euro). Suppose that in the price table we created for computer devices, cell E2 stores the dollar to ruble exchange rate, and cell F2 stores the euro to ruble exchange rate. Then in cell C2 you need to enter the formula =$B2*E$2, containing mixed references, and copy it into the underlying cells of column C, and then into the adjacent cells of column D (Table 1.8).

Table 1.8. Calculating the price of computer devices in rubles at given dollar and euro rates

A IN WITH D E F 1 Device Price in USD Price in rubles Price in rubles Currency courses 2 Motherboard 80 =$B2*E$2 =$B2*F$2 28 36 3 CPU 70 =$B3*E$2 =$B3*F$2 4 RAM 15 =$B4*E$2 =$B4*F$2 5 HDD 100 =$B5*E$2 =$B5*F$2 6 Monitor 200 =$B6*E$2 =$B6*F$2 7 3.5" drive 12 =$B7*E$2 =$B7*F$2 8 CD-ROM drive 30 =$B8*E$2 =$B8*F$2 9 Frame 25 =$B9*E$2 =$B9*F$2 10 Keyboard 10 =$B10*E$2 =$B10*F$2 11 Mouse 5 =$B11*E$2 =$B11*F$2 12 TOTAL: =SUM(B2:B11) =SUM(C2:C11) =SUM(D2:D11)

Control questions

1. How does a formula containing relative references change when copied into a cell located in an adjacent column and row? Absolute links? Mixed links?

Tasks for independent completion

2. Short answer task. What appearance will the formulas stored in the cell range C1:N3 take when they are copied to the cell range E2:E4?

	A	IN	WITH	D	E
1			=A1+B1
2			=$A$1*$B$1
3			=$A1*B$1
4

3. Practical task. Check the spreadsheets for correct answers to the previous assignment.

Built-in functions

Formulas can include not only cell addresses and arithmetic operations signs, but also functions. Spreadsheets have several hundred built-in functions, which are divided into categories: Mathematical, Statistical, Financial, Date and time etc.

Summation. One of the most commonly used operations is summing the values ​​of a range of cells. To do this, you need to select a range, and for cells located in the same column or row, just click on the button to call the function of summing numbers SUM() Autosumå on the toolbar Standard.

The result of the sum will be written to the cell following the last cell in the range in a column (for example, =SUM(A2:A4)), row (for example, =SUM(C1:E1)) or a rectangular range of cells (for example, =SUM(NW :E4)) (Fig. 1.2).

Rice. 1.2. Sum cell range values

When summing cell values, the selected range can be adjusted by moving the range boundary with the mouse or by entering cell addresses into the formula using the keyboard.

Power function. In mathematics, the power function y = x n is widely used, where x is the argument and n is the exponent (for example, y = x 2, y = x 3, etc.). You can enter functions into formulas using the keyboard or using Function Wizards, which provides the user with the ability to enter functions using a sequence of dialog panels.

For example, if cell B1 stores the value of the argument x of a function, then the type of function entered from the keyboard (cell B2) will be =B1^2, and that entered using the function wizard (cell B3) will be DEGREE(B1;2) (Fig. 1.3).

Table of function values. In spreadsheets, you can not only calculate the value of a function for any given argument value, but also represent the function in the form of a table of the numeric values ​​of the argument and the calculated values ​​of the function.

Filling a table can be significantly speeded up if you use the operation Fill. First, the smallest value of the argument is entered into the first cell of the argument line (for example, the number -4 is entered into cell B1), and a formula is entered into the second cell that calculates the next value of the argument, taking into account the argument step size (for example, =B1+1). Next, this formula is entered into all other cells of the table using the operation Fill Right.

Similarly, the formula for calculating the function is entered into the first cell of the line of function values ​​(for example, the formula =B1^2 is entered into cell B2), then this formula is entered into all other cells of the table using the operation Fill Right(Table 1.9).

Table 1.9. Numerical representation of the quadratic function y = x 2

A IN WITH D E F G H I J 1 x -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 2 y = x^2 16 9 4 1 0 1 4 9 16

Tasks for independent completion

4. Short answer task. What values ​​will be obtained in cells A5, F1 and F4 after summing the values ​​of different cell ranges (see Fig. 1.2)? Check in spreadsheets.

5. Short answer task. What values ​​will be obtained in cells B2 and V3 after calculating the values ​​of the power function (see Fig. 1.3)? Check in spreadsheets.

6. Short answer task. What values ​​will be obtained in cells B2 and V3 after calculating the square root values ​​(see Fig. 1.4)? Check in spreadsheets.

7. Practical task. Construct a table of function values ​​y = Ö x. on a segment with step 1.