Emergency fire lighting lamp. Rechargeable emergency lighting lamp with LED. Emergency anti-panic lamps for open spaces ONTEC C M1, M2 TM Technologie

In connection with possible interruptions in the supply of electricity this winter, the issue of using emergency lighting is becoming especially relevant for enterprises and organizations.

In accordance with regulations, almost any public premises must be equipped emergency lighting lamps. The scope of application of emergency lamps is wide and varied: they are used in offices, shops, administrative buildings, production workshops, schools, hospitals, concert halls, cinemas and so on.

Emergency lighting continues to operate in the event of a loss of normal power supply and is designed to provide the possibility of evacuating people in the event of a loss of general lighting or in the event of other emergencies. To power this type of luminaires, either backup power networks or autonomous power sources (batteries) are used.

Emergency lighting is divided into three types:

• evacuation emergency lighting is necessary at those facilities where lighting of escape routes is required (tunnels, corridors, emergency exits, staircases of public buildings);
• backup emergency lighting is necessary where stopping a technological or other process is impossible or extremely undesirable, for example, during a complex surgical operation, in central control rooms and control panels of power systems, transport, rescue services, etc.;
• Emergency lighting of high-risk industrial areas is necessary where there is a risk of death or injury to a person due to the switching off of working lighting, for example, in large warehouses where people work and forklifts are used at the same time.

To organize emergency lighting, emergency lighting lamps or emergency lamps are used.

Emergency lighting luminaires are divided into three types:

• Continuous emergency luminaire - a luminaire in which emergency lighting lamps operate continuously when working or emergency lighting is needed. In such a lamp, the lamp continues to work when the mains is turned off.
• Emergency luminaire of intermittent action - a luminaire in which the emergency lighting lamps are turned on only when the power supply system for the working lighting is disrupted.
• Combined emergency lighting luminaire - a luminaire with two or more lamps, in which at least one operates on the emergency supply network and the other on the working lighting network.

Constant lamps. These are luminaires in which emergency lighting lamps operate continuously when task or emergency lighting is needed. The assortment of MPO Elektromontazh includes permanent lamps (manufactured by Legrand and Bely Svet), in which, when there is voltage in the network, an 8 W lamp operates and the built-in battery is recharged. In the event of a power outage, the lamp operates for 1 hour on battery power. Battery type: nickel-cadmium. Protection degree: IP42, IP65.

Lamps of intermittent action, in which emergency lighting lamps are turned on only when the power supply to the working lighting is interrupted. Manufacturers of these products are “Bely Svet”, “Light Technologies” and “Legrand”. When there is voltage in the network, the built-in battery is recharged. In the event of a power outage, the emergency lamp turns on (from 4 to 8 W). As a rule, the LED indication indicates the presence of supply voltage, and, consequently, recharging. Battery life: from 1 to 3.5 hours. Battery type: nickel-cadmium. Degree of protection: IP22, IP42, IP65.

Combination emergency light with two or more lamps, in which at least one is operated from the emergency supply network and the other(s) from the working lighting supply. In the company's assortment, this type of lamps is represented by products from the Bely Svet company. If there is voltage in the network, the main lamp works (from 4 to 8 W) and the built-in battery is recharged. When there is a power outage, the emergency lamp turns on (from 4 to 8 W). Battery life: from 1 to 3 hours. Battery type: nickel-cadmium. Degree of protection: IP22, IP42, IP65.

Most often, emergency lamps are mounted on the wall or built into the wall using clips. However, some models of emergency lighting fixtures can be installed on the ceiling or built into it using a double-sided diffuser.

Emergency lighting plays an important role in ensuring the safety of people in the event of a fire, accident, or terrorist attack and is used in various areas, from office buildings, hospitals and schools, commercial and industrial premises, underground structures to sports and exhibition complexes, train stations, airports, etc.

Emergency lamps are used as alternative lighting devices in case of malfunction of the main (working) lighting and are connected to a power source that is independent of the power supply of the working lighting
The Lighting Technologies company is one of the leading manufacturers of emergency lighting fixtures in Russia, the CIS countries and Western Europe. Our catalog presents a wide range of lighting products based on fluorescent lamps and LED light sources. All equipment for emergency and evacuation lighting is made from high-quality components and complies with state regulatory standards.

Emergency lighting classification

There are three main types of emergency lighting fixtures - backup, evacuation and devices for installation in particularly hazardous areas.

• Backup luminaires make it possible to safely stop the production process or continue the operation of the enterprise as normal. According to existing standards, such devices should be equipped with rescue services, operating rooms in hospitals, control panels of energy and transport enterprises, public premises and production workshops, large business centers and shopping and entertainment complexes.
• Evacuation lamps allow you to safely complete urgent work or evacuate people from residential buildings, public places and industrial facilities. Devices for evacuation lighting are mounted above doors, on stairs, at intersections of corridors and help people navigate the space of a dimly lit object.
• Lamps for emergency lighting of hazardous industrial areas ensure the continuity of various technological processes. This equipment must be installed in areas where switching off task lighting poses a threat to human life and health (for example, in areas where personnel work surrounded by machines and production lines with moving parts).

Each room must have two emergency light sources (in case one of the devices breaks down). Lamps for evacuation lighting must be placed at such a distance that the luminous flux level is at least 1 lux.

LED emergency lighting

Due to their high cost-effectiveness, emergency light-emitting diode (LED) luminaires are very popular. Such equipment saves up to 70% energy compared to traditional light sources.
In addition to being economical, LED emergency lighting fixtures from the Lighting Technologies company have many advantages. This:
Long service life - more than 30,000 hours without the need for repairs or maintenance.
Matte diffuser - LED emergency lighting luminaires have no glare effect.
The presence of a radiator - the housing of emergency LED lamps has a special design and effectively removes heat from the internal components of the devices.
Long recognition distance - up to 30 meters (depending on the model).

Emergency lamps from MGK Lighting Technologies LLC

Our company offers evacuation lamps (LED and fluorescent) for objects of various purposes. They are marked with information pictograms and signs that will help people navigate the space in an extreme situation. You can also purchase devices for emergency LED lighting from us.
We manufacture products in accordance with all technical standards. The reliability and safety of our emergency LED lamps are confirmed by European quality certificates.

LED products, which rapidly burst into the lighting market, instantly won the trust of consumers. They are actively used in arranging lighting for residential and administrative rooms, premises at industrial and production facilities. Often on the latter you can find an emergency LED lamp, activated in emergency situations and designed to simplify the evacuation process.

Even with such a limited application, there is a wide variety of lighting products, making selection difficult.

Types of emergency lighting systems

Emergency lighting functions as an alternative to the standard system, and also guarantees the safety of working personnel in emergency situations.

There are several schemes for arranging this system, differing in the layout and type of lamps:

1. Constant action. The light is on constantly. In normal conditions, lighting devices operate from an industrial power supply; in the event of emergency situations, the power is transferred to batteries.
2. Intermittent action. The light is turned on only when necessary. In normal conditions, the devices are disconnected from power.
3. Combined lamps. The circuit is characterized by the presence of two lamps or several groups. One group is considered the main group, and the other is considered an emergency group.
4. Autonomous emergency lamps that operate from a built-in battery. Remember the signs that say EXIT or “Exit”.
5. Centralized emergency lighting system. Battery installations common to all are used.

Where can I meet

The devices are used in various enterprises, including:

• industrial and production facilities;
• administrative offices, municipal institutions;
• large stores (supermarkets or hypermarkets);
• banking and other financial institutions;
• airports, railway stations, etc.

Installation locations for various LED devices

Emergency lighting should be provided for the following places:

1. Exit area. At any exit, at least two lamps are installed, located on the sides. If lighting is provided from one lamp, then it is mounted above the passage, in the center.
2. Corridor. In this case, the lamps are positioned so that the light falls on the walls along the entire perimeter of the room. LED lamps are installed so that the center of the corridor is always illuminated.
3. Flight of stairs. Emergency lighting of stairs should reduce the risk of injury during the evacuation of working personnel. Lamps are placed along the walls and on steps.

In each of the listed places, lamps with certain characteristics are used, which is associated with the requirements put forward.

Emergency lighting is often found near safety signs and locations of fire protection equipment. It is important to provide bright and high-quality lighting at intersections where the escape route changes direction. The light should fall on the sign indicating the right direction.

In addition to emergency ones, backup LED lights are used, which can be found:

• in production, where stopping the technological process is strictly prohibited;
• in operating rooms;
• in control rooms where people responsible for operating vehicles or energy systems sit;
• in rescue services.

Emergency LED lights with permanent connection are used in those areas of manufacturing plants where there is a high probability of injury or death to workers if the main lighting is turned off. They are also necessary in warehouses when operating loading equipment.

Battery-powered LED light

One of the most practical devices, powered by a built-in battery and independent of the functionality of a centralized power supply system. Each individual lamp has its own battery, so there are no risks associated with failure of the common battery installation.

But such practicality is not good in all senses. To maintain the functionality of emergency lighting, you must constantly monitor the battery level of all lighting fixtures. An individual worker must monitor the degree of wear of the batteries, each of which has its own resource.

The presence of LED diodes instead of standard incandescent lamps allows you to consume a minimum amount of electrical energy from the battery while maintaining a bright luminous flux. This is a huge advantage, increasing the service life of the emergency lighting after the central power supply is turned off.

LEDs are also characterized by durability. Battery-powered lights are often used to power signs that say EXIT. Common devices found in all electrical stores.

Advantages and disadvantages

Among the advantages of lamps whose operation is based on LEDs, we highlight the following:

1. Economical operation. The electricity consumption at the same level of luminous flux is 8–10 times lower compared to conventional incandescent lamps. A relevant feature for frequent use of emergency lighting. By saving energy consumption, more expensive devices quickly pay for themselves.
2. Long service life. Its value can reach 100,000 hours, but on average it is 40,000. During operation, the LED gradually degrades, which reduces the brightness of the luminous flux. The lamp continues to perform its assigned functions.
3. Resistance to mechanical stress. The design of the diodes eliminates the presence of easily damaged components. For comparison: inside an incandescent lamp there is a spiral that breaks at the slightest vibration. It, like a fluorescent lamp, is made from fragile, breakable glass. The LED housing is made of polymer materials that are resistant to significant mechanical loads.

1. High level of security. A built-in or remote battery (or battery installation) is used as a power source, which increases the electrical safety of these luminaires. During operation, the LED heats up to a temperature of no more than 60 °C. This also guarantees the fire safety of the device. In the event of mechanical destruction of the lamp, the likelihood of injury or electric shock is excluded, which cannot be said about mercury products and incandescent lamps.
2. Environmental friendliness of the device. Completely safe for human health, no need for special disposal. A fluorescent lamp contains mercury, so if its housing is damaged, a person may be exposed to a toxic substance.
3. Optimal light flow. There is no flicker in such lamps because they use direct current sources. It is possible to select the color temperature so that the light emission is close to daylight. The absence of harm to the visual system makes it possible for long-term use in places with large crowds of people.

It is difficult to identify any shortcomings. The only thing that can be called is a higher cost, but due to the long service life and low energy consumption, the products quickly pay for themselves.

Emergency lighting requirements

A number of requirements are imposed on LED lamps for emergency lighting:

1. The lamps used must comply with the regulations prescribed for a specific room. The main parameter is the level of illumination. Generally, 12V lamps should be used and the illuminance should be 1 lux for waste disposal and 0.5 lux for open spaces.
2. Electrical and fire safety.
3. Durability of the housing, reliability of the electronic circuit and all circuit components. At the exit, for example, it is necessary to place lamps with an increased moisture resistance class.
4. The body is made of durable material. The choice of one or the other depends on the operating conditions of the devices.
5. Availability of a battery – devices with a built-in battery have proven themselves best. The low power consumption of LEDs allows emergency lighting to operate for several hours, which is sufficient for complete evacuation of working personnel.

The battery can be purchased separately and installed in a circuit with other models of lighting devices that were produced without it. The connection remains the same.

Important! Do not forget about the installation method of emergency lighting lamps. Devices can be built-in, surface-mounted and partially built-in. In most cases, it is recommended to use overhead lamps with built-in batteries.

Choosing the optimal model

Before purchasing, study the basic technical and operational characteristics of the devices. These include:

1. Offline operating time. For most emergencies, three hours of emergency lighting operation is sufficient.
2. Degree of protection – class of protection against penetration of dust and moisture. Denoted as IP XY, where X indicates dust protection and Y indicates moisture protection. The higher the value of these parameters, the more sealed the device is. Industrial facilities require products with a higher protection class, while offices can install less protected and cheaper lamps.
3. Fastening. Lamps can be installed on the ceiling or attached to the wall. The ability to be built into a wall or ceiling reduces the cost of these devices.

Emergency lamps are mandatory electrical devices at production facilities, administrative and municipal buildings. They are designed for timely and long-lasting illumination of evacuation routes and exits in the event of emergency situations.

LED devices with built-in batteries have significant advantages over other light sources. However, it is forbidden to install an emergency lighting system with your own hands. This should be done by qualified craftsmen who know all the intricacies of choosing lamp models and subsequent installation. They will be responsible for the system’s compliance or non-compliance with the established requirements specified in the regulatory documentation.

According to SP 52.13330.2011 (SNiP 23-05-95*), emergency lighting is provided in the event of a power failure of the main (working) lighting and is connected to a power source that is independent of the power source of the working lighting. Emergency lighting is divided into evacuation and backup.

Evacuation lighting is divided into: lighting of escape routes, evacuation lighting of high-risk areas and evacuation lighting of large areas (anti-panic lighting).

The duration of operation of emergency evacuation lighting must be at least 1 hour.

Backup emergency safety lighting is provided if, when the working lighting is turned off, the production process may be disrupted, an explosion or fire hazard may arise, people may be poisoned or injured when technological processes and equipment are in operation. Separately, EN1838 and SNiP 23-05-95 regulate emergency safety lighting for children's institutions, as well as hospitals and clinics, where backup emergency lighting helps to avoid panic and ensure the efficiency of personnel on whom the lives and health of people depend.

Preferred are self-contained emergency lighting fixtures or combined emergency lighting fixtures with two or more lamps, one of which is powered from the emergency lighting network.

Emergency lighting systems need to be periodically monitored to ensure they are working properly, and for this purpose the systems have a built-in self-test function.

The European standard EN1838 and domestic SP 52.13330.2011 classify emergency lighting according to its intended purpose and, depending on this, regulate the minimum permissible illumination standards, also determine the quality of color rendering by the value of the lower limit of the general color rendering index (Ra), the time before turning on emergency lamps and the minimum nominal duration their work.

Light signs are installed above each emergency exit, on evacuation routes, to indicate the location of fire extinguishing equipment, the location of emergency communications equipment, means of warning about emergency situations, and to indicate the medical aid post. The brightness of the light indicator and its recognition distance are normalized.

In normal mode, the power supply of light indicators should be supplied from a source independent of the working lighting power source; in emergency mode, it will be switched to power from a third independent source.

BASIC TERMS GOST R IEC 60598-2-22-99

Continuous emergency light:

A luminaire in which emergency lighting lamps operate continuously when task or emergency lighting is required.

Emergency lamp of intermittent action:

A luminaire in which emergency lighting lamps operate only when the power supply system for the working lighting is disrupted.

Combination emergency light:

A luminaire with two or more lamps, at least one of which is operated from the emergency lighting supply and the others from the working lighting supply. The lamp can be permanent or non-permanent.

Autonomous emergency light:

A permanent or intermittent luminaire in which all elements such as batteries, lamp, control unit, devices, alarms and controls, if any, are located in or adjacent to the luminaire (within a cable length of 1 m).

Emergency lamp for centralized power supply:

A luminaire with permanent or intermittent operation, powered by a centralized emergency system located outside the luminaire.

Emergency mode:

The state of an autonomous lamp, in which lighting is provided, provided from an internal power source, in the event of disruptions in the operation of the working lighting power supply network.

Standby mode:

The state of a self-contained luminaire in which it is intentionally kept off while the mains power is disconnected, and which, if power to the work light is restored, automatically returns to operating mode.

ASTZ lamps with emergency power supply units (autonomous, combined, constant operation)
OP type	LED	2x36	2x58	4x18	4x36
LVO04/LPO04
LVO05/LPO05
LVO06/LPO06
LVO07/LPO07
LVO10/LPO10	×
DVO12
DPO46/LPO46 Luxe	×		×		×
LPO46	×	×	×		×
Chipboard44/LSP44	×		×
Chipboard67/LSP67	×
standard delivery × order
By agreement with the manufacturer, it is possible to use BAP in other lighting devices (including T5, LED lamps).

For emergency lighting the following should be used:

Lamps with LED

Luminaires with fluorescent lamps at an ambient temperature of at least 5°C

Lamps with RLVD (subject to instant re-ignition)

Lamps with LN (if it is impossible to use other ICs)

The color rendering index Ra of the used ICs is at least 40.

The power supply to the luminaires should not be turned off when the power supply to the operating mode luminaires is turned off, so that the batteries are constantly charged while remaining connected to the power supply.

If luminaires with the same type of housing are used for working and emergency lighting, emergency lighting luminaires must be marked with a specially printed letter “A” in red.

Technological development of the lighting technology market in Russia leads to increased requirements from customers for the supplied products - to the characteristics of the equipment, its quality, development and delivery times, and the availability of certificates. And this concerns emergency lighting almost in the first place, because this type of lighting is necessary at any facility, regardless of its purpose and size. The requirements for emergency lighting are much more serious than for work lighting and are regulated by a number of regulatory documents.

Experts from the Bely Svet company have prepared a unique analytical review of regulatory documentation in force (including those that came into force in 2015) in the Russian Federation regarding the design and operation of emergency lighting systems and warning systems and fire evacuation management.

V.3. Requirements for light fire alarms.

V.4. Requirements for central battery installations.

V.5. Requirements for electrical circuits and wiring of emergency lighting systems and emergency lighting systems.

I. Basic regulatory documents in the field of emergency lighting

The design and operation of emergency lighting systems and emergency lighting systems are regulated by a number of regulatory documents of the Russian Federation, which include Federal Laws, GOSTs and Codes of Rules.

The list of main regulatory documents (current and coming into force in 2015) is presented below.

Active:

1. Federal Law of the Russian Federation dated December 30, 2009 No. 384-FZ “Technical Regulations on the Safety of Buildings and Structures.”
2. SP52.13330.2011 (SNiP 23-05-95*, updated edition) Code of Rules “Natural and artificial lighting”. The requirements of SP 52.13330.2011 for emergency lighting (clauses 7.104-7.121) are included in the list of national standards and codes of practice, as a result of which, on a mandatory basis, compliance with the requirements of Federal Law No. 384-FZ "Technical Regulations on the Safety of Buildings and Structures" (Resolution Government of the Russian Federation No. 1521).
3. GOST R 55842-2013 (ISO 30061:2007) “Emergency lighting. Classification and norms". Date of introduction - 01/01/2015.
4. GOST IEC 60598-2-22-2012 “Lamps. Private requirements. Lamps for emergency lighting." (Enacted into force on 01/01/2015 to replace “GOST R IEC 60598-2-22-99 “Lamps. Part 2-22. Particular requirements. Lamps for emergency lighting.”)
5. GOST R 12.4.026-2001 “Signal colors, safety signs and signal markings.”
6. SP 1.13130.2009 Code of Rules “Fire protection systems. Evacuation routes and exits"
7. SP 3.13130.2009 Code of Rules “Fire protection systems. Warning and management system for evacuation of people in case of fires. Fire safety requirements."
8. SP 5.13130.2009 Code of Rules “Fire protection systems. Fire alarm and fire extinguishing installations are automatic. Design norms and rules."
9. GOST R 53325-2012 “Fire fighting equipment. Fire automatic equipment. General technical requirements and test methods".
10. Electrical installation rules (7th edition).
11. GOST R50571.29-2009 (IEC 60364-5-55:2008) “Electrical installations of buildings. Part 5-55. Selection and installation of electrical equipment. Other equipment."
12. GOST R 50571-5-56-2013 “Low-voltage electrical installations. Part 5-56. Selection and installation of electrical equipment. Security systems". Date of introduction – 01/01/2015.
13. Fire regulations in the Russian Federation.
14. SP 113.13330.2012 “Car parking” (Updated edition of SNIP21-02-99*).

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II. Terms and Definitions

Definitions given in accordance with regulatory documents are indicated by the document number according to the list from Section I in square brackets; definitions that are not in the regulatory documents were prepared by experts of the company “White Light 2000” and are designated [White Light].

A. Basic concepts.

1. Emergency lighting.

The Code of Rules SP52.13330.2011, GOST IEC 60598-2-22-2012 and GOST R 55842-2013 provide identical definitions of the term “emergency lighting”. In GOST R 55842 it is disclosed a little wider and is authentic to the international definition.

Emergency lighting– lighting intended for use in the event of a power failure to work lighting.

At the same time, Russian Federal Laws No. 123-FZ and No. 384-FZ define emergency lighting (EL) as a means of ensuring safety in the event of a fire and other emergencies.

Federal Law No. 123 considers turning on emergency lighting as one of the ways to notify people and ensure their safe evacuation in case of fire. Federal Law No. 384 (Article 2, Part 2.1) provides an expanded definition of emergency lighting, in which 2 main requirements for JSC can be distinguished:

• the presence of an autonomous power supply that functions in case of fire, accident and other emergency situations;
• the ability to turn on emergency lighting when an alarm is triggered or manually.

In addition, GOST R 55842-2013 (clause 4.2.1) states that “evacuation lighting must ensure the safe exit of people from the premises in the event of an emergency, for example, failure of working lighting, fire, etc.”

Thus, with a cumulative consideration of the regulatory and legislative framework of the Russian Federation in relation to emergency lighting, we can come to the conclusion that it is necessary to formulate a new definition that meets all current requirements.

As one of the possible options, “White Light” suggests considering the following definition:

Emergency lighting– lighting powered from an independent power source, turned on automatically in the event of a power failure to the working lighting, when the corresponding alarm is triggered, or manually. [White light]

2. Escape routes– ways to evacuate people in an emergency.

3. Emergency exit– an exit intended for use in an emergency.

4. Evacuation lighting– a type of emergency lighting for evacuating people or completing a potentially dangerous process.

5. Backup lighting– type of emergency lighting to continue work in case of switching off the working lighting.

6. Lighting of escape routes– a type of evacuation lighting for reliable identification and safe use of escape routes.

7. Anti-panic lighting (evacuation lighting for large areas)– a type of evacuation lighting to prevent panic and safe approach to evacuation routes.

8. Evacuation lighting of high-risk areas– a type of emergency lighting for the safe completion of a potentially dangerous work process.

Note: SP52.13330.2011 uses the term “Evacuation lighting for high-risk areas”, in GOST R 55842-2013 – “lighting of high-risk areas”.

9. Emergency lighting system– a set of technical means that jointly provide all types and modes of emergency lighting within a fire zone, room, building or structure. [White light]

10. Autonomous emergency lighting system (ASL)– an emergency lighting system, the elements of which are supplied with power from individual autonomous power sources (emergency power units). [White light]

11. Centralized emergency lighting system (CSAL)– an emergency lighting system, the elements of which are supplied with power from a common centralized power supply (central battery installations; diesel generator sets (DGS); uninterruptible power supplies (UPS); a separate input of the power supply system, independent of the main input). [White light]

12. Group emergency lighting system (GSAO)– an emergency lighting system, the elements of which are supplied with power from a power source located in the same fire zone (group battery installations, UPS). [White light]

B. Equipment for emergency lighting systems and emergency lighting systems.

13. Emergency light– a lighting device designed to work in emergency lighting systems to provide standardized illumination and illuminate safety signs. [White light]

14. Safety sign– a sign that provides information about safety measures (prohibitions, orders or permissions for certain actions) using a combination of color, shape and graphic symbols or text.

15. Illuminated indicator / safety sign with internal lighting– a safety sign illuminated from the inside.

16. Fire alarm– a technical device designed to notify people about a fire by providing a light, sound or speech signal.

– the distance from the observer to the safety sign at which the sign is considered visible. [White light]

The recognition distance is calculated using the formula:
l=h * Z,
l– recognition distance, m;
h– height of the safety sign, m;
Z– distance factor (coefficient equal to 200 for internally illuminated safety signs).

Note: SP52.13330.2011 uses the term "recognition distance", in GOST R 55842-2013 – "discrimination distance".

18. Independent power supply I is a power source on which the voltage is maintained in post-emergency mode within regulated limits when it disappears from another or other power sources.

19. Continuous emergency lamp– a lamp in which the emergency lighting lamps operate constantly - in normal and emergency modes (when working or emergency lighting is necessary).

Note: The term “lamp” in this context should be understood as a broader concept – “light sources” (including LED). [White light]

20. Emergency lamp of intermittent action– a lamp in which emergency lighting lamps operate only in emergency mode.

21. Combined emergency lamp– a luminaire with two or more light sources, at least one of which operates from the emergency lighting supply network, and the others from the working lighting supply network. The combined lamp can be permanent or intermittent.

22. Emergency power supply– a device that ensures the operation of emergency lighting sources in emergency mode, as well as charging the battery, monitoring the network voltage, indicating, receiving control signals and switching between operating modes. [White light]

23. Autonomous emergency lamp– a lamp in which all the elements that ensure its operation in emergency mode (batteries, light sources, emergency power supply, etc.) are located in the lamp or next to it (within a cable length of 1 m).

24. Normal mode– the state of an autonomous lamp capable of operating in emergency mode when the working lighting power supply is turned on. In the event of damage to the working lighting power supply, the autonomous lamp automatically switches to emergency mode.

25. Emergency mode– the state of an autonomous lamp, in which lighting is provided, provided from an internal power source, in the event of disruptions in the operation of the working lighting power supply network.

Note: the concepts of normal and emergency mode can also be attributed to the emergency lighting system as a whole. [White light]

26. Standby mode- a state of an autonomous lamp in which it is deliberately kept off while the power supply is disconnected, and which, if the power supply to the working lighting is restored, automatically returns to operating mode.

27. Remote delay mode- the state of an autonomous lamp in which its operation is delayed by a remote device when the operating power is turned on, and when it is turned off, it does not switch to emergency mode.

28. Composite autonomous emergency lamp– a lamp equipped with an emergency power source for operation of the auxiliary lamp.

29. Auxiliary emergency light– a luminaire, the emergency power supply unit of which is located in the associated composite emergency luminaire.

30. Emergency lamp for centralized power supply– a lamp of constant or intermittent action, powered by a centralized emergency system.

Note: Emergency luminaires with centralized power supply are part of both centralized and group emergency lighting systems.

As an independent power source in centralized emergency lighting systems, central battery units (CAU), a generator set, separate inputs of the power supply system, etc. are used.

In group emergency lighting systems, group battery installations and emergency power units designed to power several lamps are used as an independent power source.

31. Controlled emergency lamp with centralized power supply– a lamp connected to the constant action group of the central battery installation (uninterruptible power supply) with the ability to control it together with the work lighting lighting installation. [White light]

32. Central battery installation- a power supply source with a standard output voltage, usually designed to power several consumers and consisting of at least one battery, automatic charger, control and testing devices and distribution devices.

Note: The battery installation may have a combined AC and DC output and include additional electrical and electronic devices: contactors, switches, isolation transformers, converters, etc.

33. Group battery installation– a power supply source with a standard output voltage, designed to power several consumers within one fire zone and consisting of at least one battery, automatic charger, control and testing and distribution devices. [White light]

The materials presented in this section (images and text) are the intellectual property of Bely Svet 2000 LLC. Any use of materials is permitted only with the written permission of their copyright holder - Bely Svet 2000 LLC.

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III. Requirements for emergency lighting systems

Below are the basic requirements for emergency lighting systems in accordance with the Code of Rules SP52.13330.2011, unless otherwise stated.

Emergency lighting is divided into two main types: evacuation lighting and backup lighting.

In turn, evacuation lighting includes:

• lighting of escape routes;
• anti-panic lighting (evacuation lighting of large areas);
• evacuation lighting of high-risk areas.

Lighting requirements for various types of emergency lighting are given in the table:

GOST R 55842-2013 clarifies the lighting requirements for some evacuation lighting facilities:

Evacuation lighting must provide acceptable visual conditions for the evacuation of people in the event of an accident, fire or other emergency.

Lighting of escape routes in premises or in places where work is carried out outside buildings, the following should be provided:

• at the intersection of passages and corridors;
• before each emergency exit;
• in front of each medical aid station;
• in places where emergency communications equipment and other means intended to notify of an emergency are located.

Anti-panic lighting is aimed at preventing panic and ensuring conditions for a safe approach to evacuation routes. It is intended for large premises – with an area of ​​more than 60 m2.

Evacuation lighting for high-risk areas should be provided for the safe completion of a potentially hazardous process or situation.

Backup lighting should be provided if, according to the conditions of the technological process or situation, normal continuation of work is required in the event of a power failure of the working lighting, and also if the associated disruption of maintenance of equipment and mechanisms may cause:

• death, injury or poisoning of people;
• explosion, fire, long-term disruption of the technological process;
• leakage of toxic and radioactive substances into the environment;
• disruption of the operation of such facilities as power plants, radio and television transmission and communication centers, control centers, pumping installations for water supply, sewerage and heating, ventilation and air conditioning installations for industrial premises in which the cessation of work is unacceptable, etc.

Illuminated signs(safety signs with internal lighting) are installed:

• above each emergency exit;
• on evacuation routes, clearly indicating evacuation directions;
• to designate a medical aid station;
• to designate the locations of primary fire extinguishing equipment;
• to designate the locations of emergency communications equipment and other means intended to notify of an emergency.

Requirements for the installation of light signs and light fire alarms (in warning and evacuation control systems) are given in the table:

The distance between two adjacent light signs along the evacuation route should not exceed the recognition distance of the signs used. Moreover, according to SP 3.13130.2009 (clause 5.4), in corridors longer than 50 meters this distance should not exceed 25 meters.

In normal mode, the power supply of light indicators must be supplied from a source independent of the power source of the working lighting; in emergency mode, switch to power from a third independent source, for example, a battery built into the lamp.

The duration of operation of light signs must be at least 1 hour and correspond to the estimated evacuation time.

Note: for buildings housing low-mobility groups of the population, high-rise buildings and hotels, the duration of operation of emergency lighting and illuminated signs may be required from 3 to 8 hours.

Also in paragraph 6.4.5 of the Code of Rules SP 113.13330.2012 “Car Parking” it is stated:

Vehicle traffic paths inside parking lots must be equipped with driver-oriented signs.

Lamps indicating the direction of movement are installed at turns, in places where slopes change, on ramps, entrances to floors, entrances and exits to floors and staircases.

Traffic direction indicators are installed at a height of 2 and 0.5 m from the floor within direct visibility from any point on evacuation routes and passages for cars.

Light indicators for installation locations of connecting heads for fire equipment, installation locations for fire hydrants and fire extinguishers must turn on automatically when fire automatic systems are activated.

The materials presented in this section (images and text) are the intellectual property of Bely Svet 2000 LLC. Any use of materials is permitted only with the written permission of their copyright holder - Bely Svet 2000 LLC.

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IV. Emergency lighting control requirements

GOST R 50571.5.56-2013 specifies the requirements for emergency lighting control.

According to paragraph 560.9.5 of this document:

• In intermittent mode, the power supply for normal lighting must be controlled in the final circuit for that zone. If a loss of power causes normal lighting in a given area to cease operating, the emergency lighting shall be switched on automatically. Appropriate provisions must be made to ensure that emergency lighting will operate in the event of a loss of power in the local area concerned.

The scheme for implementing this requirement in practice depends on the emergency lighting system and the functionality of the equipment used, however, the common element of such schemes will be the BS-RKF module (phase control relay):

Clause 560.9.6:

• If continuous operating mode and intermittent operating mode are used in combination, then each switching device must have its own control device and must be able to be switched separately.

Schemes for implementing this requirement using separate controllable centralized power supply luminaires, as well as controlled and uncontrolled centralized power supply luminaires connected by a loop (total load - no more than 500 W):

Also in paragraph 560.9.8 and 560.9.10 GOST R 50571.5.56-2013 it is stated:

• The control systems and local networks for security lighting systems should be independent from the control and local networks for general lighting; The connection between both systems can only be carried out by devices that guarantee the separation/isolation of both buses from each other. Failure in control systems and local networks of general lighting should not affect the performance of safety lighting functions.
• If normal power is restored to the distribution cabinet or power circuit, the emergency lighting in intermittent operation mode should automatically switch off. The time required for normal lighting lamps to reach normal brightness must be taken into account. In areas that were intentionally darkened before power was lost, emergency lighting should not turn off automatically.

To fulfill the last requirement:

• in an autonomous emergency lighting system, time delay relays must be provided in emergency lighting panels (ELB) on non-permanent groups of emergency lighting fixtures, or autonomous emergency lighting fixtures with a delay function for switching to operating mode from emergency mode must be used;
• the independent power source of the centralized and group emergency lighting system must have a time delay function for turning off the emergency mode of non-permanent groups after the power supply to the working lighting is restored (implemented in the BS-Electro control center);
• For rooms that were previously darkened (theatres, circuses, cinemas, etc. during a performance), emergency lighting control panels (BS-PUAO) must be used to manually turn off the emergency mode.

In addition, according to the Fire Regulations in the Russian Federation (clause 349), warehouse equipment must be de-energized at the end of the working day. In this regard, for the normal operation of an autonomous emergency lighting system in warehouses, it is necessary to use a remote control and monitoring device (TELECONTROL), which allows you to transfer emergency lamps from emergency mode to remote delay mode after de-energizing the warehouse equipment.

The materials presented in this section (images and text) are the intellectual property of Bely Svet 2000 LLC. Any use of materials is permitted only with the written permission of their copyright holder - Bely Svet 2000 LLC.

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V. Requirements for equipment of emergency lighting systems

In addition to the requirements directly for the emergency lighting system, there are a number of specific requirements for the elements of this system: emergency lighting lamps, light indicators, safety signs, battery installations.

V.1. Requirements for emergency lighting fixtures.

The basic requirements for emergency lighting fixtures are formulated in Federal Laws No. 123-FZ and No. 384-FZ, GOSTIEC 60598-2-22-2012, SP52.13330.2011 (SNiP 23-05-95*):

1. Ability to check functionality.

The Federal Law of the Russian Federation dated July 22, 2008 No. 123-FZ (Article 82, Part 9) specifies the mandatory requirement for autonomous emergency lighting fixtures:

• Emergency lighting fixtures on escape routes with autonomous power sources must be provided with devices to test their functionality when simulating a shutdown of the main power source.

At the same time, according to GOST IEC 60598-2-22-2012 (clause 22.20), the testing device must simulate a failure of the working power supply network without affecting the normal operation of the luminaire.

Functionality testing can be carried out either using individual “Test” buttons included in the design of the luminaires, or using remote testing devices (TELECONTROL). In both cases, the requirements of no influence on the normal operation of autonomous lamps (including battery charge) are met.

2. Possibility of activation from an automatic fire alarm signal.

In a number of regulatory documents, including Federal Laws No. 123-FZ, No. 384-FZ, SP5.13130.2009 and SP113.13330.2012, the emergency lighting system is considered in conjunction with the alarm system.

Thus, depending on the emergency lighting system at the site, different solutions must be applied:

1. For ASAO, the electronics of autonomous emergency lighting fixtures must be able to connect to the fire automatic system, upon receipt of the appropriate signal from which the fixtures operating in an intermittent mode must turn on (go into emergency operation mode).
2. For CSAO and GSAO, the design solution must include the possibility of switching on non-permanent groups of lamps from a fire automatic signal.

3. Design requirements.

Requirements for the design of the emergency lamp housing, circuit design solutions for emergency power units, electrical insulation, etc. are fully described in paragraphs 22.6-22.20 of GOST IEC60598-2-22-2012.

Separately, we can note the distinctive feature of emergency lamps from work lighting lamps - heat resistance tests of the housing are carried out at a temperature of 850°C.

4. Requirements for light sources.

The set of rules SP52.13330.2011 (SNiP 23-05-95*) allows the use of the following types of light sources as emergency ones:

• LED light sources;
• fluorescent lamps - in rooms with a minimum air temperature of at least 5°C and provided that the lamps are powered in all modes with a voltage of at least 90% of the nominal voltage;
• high-pressure discharge lamps, subject to their instantaneous or rapid re-ignition both in a hot state after a short-term shutdown, and in a cold state;
• incandescent lamps - if it is impossible to use other light sources.

Requirement for all types of evacuation lighting: the overall color rendering index of the light sources used, Ra, must be at least 40.

V.2. Requirements for illuminated signs

Light indicators (as one of the types of emergency lighting) include all the requirements listed in Section IV.1 and a number of specific requirements.

All requirements of GOST R 12.4.026-2001 “Signal colors, safety signs and signal markings” apply to illuminated signs with safety signs (pictograms), i.e.

• the background of the evacuation safety sign must be green, graphic symbols and explanatory inscriptions must be white; The main colors of the fire safety sign are red and white.
• Along the perimeter of the sign there must be a white edging with a width of at least 0.025 times the height of the sign.
• The aspect ratio of fire safety signs, evacuation safety signs and medical and sanitary safety signs, taking into account the white edging, must be strictly: 2:1 - for rectangular safety signs, 1:1 - for square safety signs.

According to SP52.13330.2011 (SNiP 23-05-95*), the brightness of the light indicator in emergency mode anywhere in the safety color zone of the corresponding sign should not be lower than 10 cd/m2 or 2 cd/m2 if there is smoke (in case of fire) is not considered a hazard.

GOST R 55842-2013 specifies the requirements for the uniform distribution of brightness of safety signs and light indicators:

• The uniformity of brightness distribution within the colored surface of a safety sign is determined by the ratio of the minimum to maximum brightness within the sign surface, which must be at least 1:5.
• For a safety sign with a brightness of more than 100 cd/m2, the ratio of the minimum to maximum brightness value within the colored surface of the sign must be at least 1:10.
• The ratio of the brightness of the contrast color to the brightness of the safety color must be no less than 5:1 and no more than 15:1.

The recognition distance for illuminated signs depends on the height of the sign and is determined by the formula specified in Section II, paragraph 16.

V.3. Requirements for light fire alarms

Requirements for light fire alarms are described in SP 3.13130.2009 Code of Rules “Fire protection systems. Warning and management system for evacuation of people in case of fires. Fire safety requirements" and GOST R 53325-2012 "Fire fighting equipment. Fire automatic equipment. General technical requirements and test methods".

• Fire alarms interacting with the control device for technical means of warning and evacuation control, or other devices, must ensure information and electrical compatibility with them (GOST R 53325-2012, clause 6.2.1.2).
• The dimensions and signal colors of light fire alarms must comply with the requirements of GOST R 12.4.026-2001 Light fire alarms must be made taking into account the unambiguous identification of their operating mode (duty - alarm), and sirens carrying text and/or symbolic information must provide contrasting perception this information when the illumination of sirens is in the range of values ​​​​set in the TD for sirens of specific types, but not less than from 1 to 500 lux*. The flashing fire alarm light must have a flashing frequency in the range of 0.5 to 2.0 Hz. The flashing frequency must be indicated in the TD for specific types of fire alarms. The dimensions and content of inscriptions on light fire alarms are established in the TD for fire alarms of specific types (GOST R 53325-2012, clause 6.2.1.7).

Note: GOST R 53325-2012 probably incorrectly indicates the lighting value (“illuminance” instead of “brightness”) and, accordingly, the dimension of this value (“luxes” instead of “candelas per square meter”), a more correct formulation: “...at brightness ( ...) from 1 to 500 cd/m2.” [White light]

V.4. Requirements for battery installations

Requirements for battery installations can be divided into 2 groups: electrical and fire.

1. Electrical requirements for battery installations are described in detail in two regulatory documents:

• GOST R 50571.29-2009 (IEC 60364-5-55:2008) “Electrical installations of buildings. Part 5-55. Selection and installation of electrical equipment. Other equipment."

Basic requirements for battery installations:

1. use only automatic chargers, the technical characteristics of which must correspond to the data of the manufacturers of the batteries used;
2. after normal power supply is restored, the installation should automatically enter operating mode and begin charging the battery;
3. chargers must be able, immediately after restoration of normal power supply, to automatically charge a discharged battery 12 hours to a level where it can provide at least 80% of the calculated operating time of a given source;
4. the installation must be equipped with an automatic device for protecting the battery from deep discharge with a response level set by the manufacturer of the battery type used;
5. the charger must provide automatic compensation of the charging voltage depending on the battery temperature, if provided by the battery manufacturer;
6. closed-type batteries for lead-acid (VRLA) and valve-type batteries for nickel-cadmium should be used;
7. The service life of rechargeable batteries at a temperature of 20 °C must be at least 10 years;
8. control and testing devices must provide functions according to the table (Appendix A GOST R 50571.29-2009):

2. Fire requirements for battery installations are relevant when considering them as a device that combines an uninterruptible power supply source for fire automatic equipment (fire alarms) and a fire control device (FCU). These requirements are described in GOST R 53325-2012 “Fire fighting equipment. Fire automatic equipment. General technical requirements and test methods":

1. Power supply to the uninterruptible power supply source for fire automatic equipment (hereinafter referred to as IE) must be provided from at least two independent power sources (main and backup).
2. IE must provide uninterrupted power supply to fire automatic equipment in the event of a loss or reduction in voltage along any power supply input.
3. The value of the output voltage of the IE when powered from the main power supply within the range of permissible current values ​​in the output circuit should be in the range from 90% to 110% of the nominal value.
4. When used as a backup source of power supply to batteries, the IE must provide:
   • battery charge when powered from the main power source;
   • automatic generation of a fault signal at the minimum value of battery voltage specified in the TD on the IE;
   • maintaining operability in the event of a break or short circuit in the battery circuit.
5. The IE must provide an indication:
   • availability (within normal limits) of main and backup power (separately for each power supply input);
   • presence of output voltage.
6. The IE must ensure the generation and transmission to external circuits of information about the absence of output voltage, input power supply voltage at any input, discharge of batteries (if any) and other faults controlled by the IE. It is allowed to generate a generalized “Fault” signal.
7. The IE must have automatic protection against short circuits at the output and an increase in the output current above the maximum value specified in the TD for the IE.
8. The IE must maintain its parameters when the voltage changes along any power supply input from 80% to 115% of the nominal value.
9. IE controls must be protected from unauthorized access.
10. The degree of protection of the electrical element by the shell must be at least IP30 according to GOST 14254.
11. Devices that include a device for recording and storing event data must ensure registration of all events and have a capacity that allows storing at least 1024 event messages.

V.5. Requirements for electrical circuits and wiring of emergency lighting systems and emergency lighting systems

The set of requirements for electrical circuits and wiring of emergency lighting systems and emergency lighting systems is described in the following documents:

• Federal Law of the Russian Federation dated July 22, 2008 No. 123-FZ “Technical Regulations on Fire Safety Requirements.”
• SP 6.13130.2013 “Fire protection systems. Electrical equipment. Fire safety requirements."
• GOST R 50571-5-56-2013 “Low-voltage electrical installations. Part 5-56. Selection and installation of electrical equipment. Security systems".

Part 2 of Article 82 of the Federal Law of the Russian Federation No. 123-FZ states:

• Cable lines and electrical wiring of fire protection systems, (...) fire detection systems, warning and management of evacuation of people in case of fire, emergency lighting on evacuation routes (...) in buildings and structures must remain operational in fire conditions for the time necessary to perform their functions and evacuating people to a safe zone.

SP 6 specifies the requirements for the types of cables used and the conditions for their installation:

• Cables and wires of fire protection systems (fire protection systems), laid singly (the distance between cables or wires is more than 300 mm), must have a fire hazard rating of at least PRGP 4 according to GOST R 53315.
• SPZ cables and wires laid during group installation (the distance between cables is less than 300 mm) must have fire hazard indicators for non-propagation of combustion PRGP 1, PRGP 2, PRGP 3 or PRGP 4 (depending on the volume of combustible load) and a smoke generation index not lower PD 2 according to GOST R 53315.
• Cable lines and electrical wiring of SPZ, laid monolithically, in the voids of building structures made of non-combustible materials or in metal pipes with localization ability, are allowed to be made with cables or wires that are not subject to flame retardation requirements, while the ends of the channels and pipes included in the electrical equipment and junction boxes must be hermetically sealed with non-combustible materials.
• Electrical cable lines and electrical wiring of the SPZ must be made with cables and wires with copper conductors.
• Cable lines and electrical wiring of fire protection systems, means of supporting the activities of fire departments, fire detection systems, warning and management of evacuation of people in case of fire, emergency lighting on evacuation routes, emergency ventilation and smoke protection, automatic fire extinguishing, internal fire-fighting water supply, elevators for transporting units fire protection in buildings and structures must remain operational in fire conditions for the time necessary to perform their functions and completely evacuate people to a safe area.
• The operability of cable lines and electrical wiring of the SPZ in fire conditions is ensured by the choice of the type of cables and wires, in accordance with GOST R 53315, and the method of their installation. The operating time of cable lines and electrical wiring under fire conditions is determined in accordance with GOST R 53316.

Note: GOST R 53315, to which SP 6.13130.2013 refers, was canceled by Order of the head of Rosstandart dated November 22, 2012 No. 1097-st “On the implementation of the interstate standard.” On January 1, 2014, GOST 31565-2012 “Cable products. Fire safety requirements” was put into effect for voluntary use in the Russian Federation as a national standard of the Russian Federation. [White light]

GOST R 50571-5-56-2013 provides requirements for electrical circuits and wiring of security systems.

• Electrical circuits of safety systems must be independent from other circuits.
• Safety system circuits should not pass through fire hazardous areas unless they are fire resistant. The circuits must not in any case pass through hazardous areas.
• Safety circuit cables, other than armored fire-resistant cables, must be securely separated by distance or partitions from other cables, including other safety cables.
• For fire safety systems, the following wiring systems must be provided:
  • mineral insulated cables meeting the requirements of IEC 60702-1 and IEC 60702-2;
  • fire-resistant cables meeting the requirements of IEC 60331-11, IEC 60331-21 and IEC 60332-1;
  • cable systems that maintain fire protection and protection against mechanical damage at the required level.
• Electrical wiring systems must be mounted and installed in such a way that the integrity of the circuit will not be compromised in fire conditions.

  Note: An example of a system that maintains the required fire resistance and mechanical integrity would be:

  • structural enclosures providing fire resistance and mechanical protection, or
  • performing electrical wiring in individual fire compartments.
• Wiring for control systems and power circuits of safety systems must meet the same requirements as wiring for safety systems. This does not apply to circuits that do not adversely affect the operation of safety equipment.
• Where emergency luminaires are supplied from separate circuits, overcurrent protective devices must be used so that a short circuit on one circuit does not interrupt the supply to adjacent luminaires in a given fire compartment or to luminaires in other fire compartments.
• No more than 20 luminaires can be powered from one circuit, protected by an overcurrent protection device, with a load of no more than 60% of the rated load. No circuit components, functional switching or operation of protective devices shall impair the integrity of the circuit.
• In rooms and on escape routes for people equipped with several emergency lighting fixtures, the wires to them must be alternately supplied from two separate circuits so that a certain level of illumination is maintained along the escape route even if one of the circuits fails.

The materials presented in this section (images and text) are the intellectual property of Bely Svet 2000 LLC. Any use of materials is permitted only with the written permission of their copyright holder - Bely Svet 2000 LLC.