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BBK 32.973.26 018.2.75 M52

Computer publishing house ''Dialectics''

Head edited by S.N. Trigub

Translation from English by V.A. Shvetsa

By general issues Please contact the publishing house “Dialectics” at: [email protected], http://www.dialektika.com

115419, Moscow, PO Box 783; 031150, Kyiv, PO Box 152

Mercer, Dave W., Kent, Allan, Nowitzki, Stephen, Mercer, David, Squier, Dan, Choi, Wang Q.

M52 PHP 5 for beginners. : Per. from English M.: LLC I.D. ‘‘Williams’’, 2006. 848 p. : ill. Parall. tit. English

ISBN 5 8459 1039 0 (Russian)

This book is a detailed tutorial for those who want to master modern version PHP. The book covers installing and configuring PHP, basic programming concepts such as variables, loops, conditionals and arrays, and the basics of object-based programming. oriented programming and how it can be used in PHP 5. It also covers topics such as working with HTTP data from PHP, using XML, RDBMS (MySQL and SQLite), working with images, and PHP creation scenarios command line. In addition, the book describes application design using UML, PEAR packages and techniques for reusing PHP code, as well as error handling, testing and debugging applications.

BBK 32.973.26 018.2.75

All titles software products are registered trademarks from the relevant companies.

No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying or recording, for any purpose, without permission in writing from JOHN Publishers. WILEY&SONS, INC.

Wiley, the Wiley Publishing logo, Wrox, the Wrox logo, and Programmer to Programmer are trademarks or registered trademarks of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and/or its affiliates. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Wiley Publishing, Inc., is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book.

Introduction



Chapter 4. Logical operators, loops and arrays


Chapter 7. Files and Directories
Chapter 8. XML
Chapter 9: Introduction to Databases and SQL
Chapter 10: Retrieving Data from MySQL Using PHP
Chapter 11. Using PHP for information management
in MySQL databases
Chapter 12. Introduction to Object Orientation
programming
Chapter 13: Working with UML and Classes
Chapter 14
Chapter 15. PHP5 and Email
Chapter 16: Generating Graphics
Chapter 17. Tutorial example: PHP logging manager
Appendix A. Answers
Appendix B. PHP*Functions Reference
Appendix B: Using SQLite
Appendix D. ODBC
Appendix E. CLI*PHP interface
Appendix E. PHP5 Configuration
Subject index

Introduction
Why PHP?
Who is this book for?
Topics covered in this book
How is this book organized?
What is required to use this book
Using the Command Line
Agreements
Source


Chapter 1. Installing and Using PHP
Origins of PHP
Installing, configuring and running PHP
System requirements
Configuration PHP file, php.ini
Setting up a test machine
Network connections
Where to begin?
Using PHP 5
Installing PHP on Linux and Apache
Selecting an installation method
RPM+install PHP 4
Compiling PHP 5 from source code
Configuring Apache to work with PHP
Configuring Apache to work with PHP 5
Starting or restarting Apache
Installing PHP 5 on Windows 2000/Internet Information Server 5

php.ini and extensions
Testing and Troubleshooting
PHP Configuration
php.ini file
PHP+extensions
Caching

Exercises

Chapter 2: Writing Simple Programs
Creating PHP+programs
Some components
How PHP+code works
Web+page (user interface)
File extensions
PHP+delimiters
Correct PHP+code
Common markers in code
How PHP+ programs work in the Web+ environment
Web+connections: Internet+protocols and HTTP

HTTP+protocol
HTTP+request

Response body
Running PHP+scripts via HTTP+request
Web+server
PHP+processor
Using Variables in PHP
Creating Variables
Naming Variables
Data types
Variable scope
Keyword global
Static Variables
Definition of constants
Operators and Expressions
PHP+operators
PHP+expressions
Operator types
String Operators and Functions
How it works
Arithmetic operations in PHP
How it works

Array indexes
Using Strings as Array Indexes
Initializing Arrays
Working with Arrays
Sorting arrays using the sort() and asort() functions

Exercises
Chapter 3. PHP, HTML and Session State
HTML Basics

form and input descriptors

8 Contents

Access to PHP+ and HTTP+ data
Predefined Variables
Variables in HTTP+ requests and responses
How it works
Superglobal arrays

Query strings
HTML+forms (or Web+forms)
HTML+form descriptors
Descriptor
Descriptor Attributes
URL+encoding
PHP and HTML+form fields (controls)
Text fields (text windows)
How it works
Why this example might not work
Text area
How it works

How it works
Using Multiple Checkboxes
How it works
Switches
How it works

How it works
Hidden form fields
How it works
Password fields
Submit and reset buttons
Using return values in PHP+scripts

How it works
Possible app improvements
State concept
Condition monitoring
Hidden form fields
Query strings
Database
Cookies+files
How it works
Native sessions in PHP
How it works

Exercise


Writing pseudocode
Boolean logic
Boolean terms
Boolean values
Using Boolean Terms and Values
Conditional or branch statements
Branching example
if statement
Using Boolean Operators in Structures
control logic
Operators > and<
How it works
Operators == and ===
Operators != and<>
How it works
Logical operators (AND, OR, !)
How it works
Switch statements
How it works
Loops and Arrays


How it works
Infinite loops
do while loops
How it works

How it works

Initializing Arrays
Iterations in an array
How it works
Program improvement
Iterating on Unordered Arrays
current() and key() functions
next() and prev() functions
list() and each() functions
Iterations in associative arrays
Sorting Arrays
sort() function
asort() function
rsort() and arsort() functions
ksort() function
Multidimensional arrays
Practical use of arrays
How it works
array_multisort() function

Chapter 5. Reliable and understandable code
Testing and Debugging
Values that break code
Main types of errors
Debugging PHP+script
PHP Error Messages
Configuring PHP for Error Handling
Types of errors in PHP
Syntax errors
Logical errors
Runtime errors
Division by zero
Infinite loops
Logical output errors
Assigning values instead of comparing values
Debugging and error handling in PHP5
Prevent the display of sensitive information
Creating Your Own Debugging Tools
Using the echo() operator
Errors inside HTML+code
Validation of form data
Using the exit statement
How it works
Prevent user from entering HTML+ code: function
HTMLSpecialChars()
String Validation and Regular Expressions
Checking strings
Regular Expressions
Using the ereg() function
Special symbols
Some common patterns and their variations
Validation of data entry
How it works
Using Regular Expressions for Validation
URL+pointers
How it works
Using Regular Expressions to Validate Parameters
file paths
How it works
Graceful error handling
Configuring Error Handling in PHP
Suppressing Error Messages
Checking the Error Log


Try/Catch ++++++ innovations in PHP5
How it works

Exercise
Chapter 6: Creating High-Quality Code
Development planning
Formal software development process
Writing a specification
Code writing process
Testing, debugging and maintenance
Code optimization
Using coding standards
Writing Custom Functions in PHP
Function structure
Defining and calling functions
How it works
Switching functions
How values get into functions
Pass by value

Setting Defaults
The importance of argument order
Variable Scope
Global and local variables
Creating Static Variables in Functions
How it works
Function nesting
Recursion
How it works
include and require statements
How it works
Things to take care of when using include files

Exercise
Chapter 7. Files and Directories
Processing files and directories
Working with files
Opening and closing files
fopen() function
fclose() function
Getting information about a file
Reading and writing files
fread() function
fwrite() function
How it works
Custom functions for working with files
Separating filename and path
Copying, renaming and deleting files
Working with catalogs
How it works
Other directory processing functions
Directory tree traversal
Directory navigation script
Creating a Text Editor

How it works

Exercise

Chapter 8. XML
What is XML
XML+document structure
Main parts of an XML+ document
Well-formed XML+documents
Using XML+elements and attributes
Correct XML+documents: DTD+definitions and XML+schemas
DTD+definition for XHTML

External XML+schemas
Writing XML+Documents Using XHTML
Web+services

XML+functions in PHP4
How it works
XML+analyzers
How it works
Document object model
DOM+extension
Using DOM functions + PHP extensions
XML+PHP5 functions
SimpleXML extension
Using the simplexml_load_string() function
Using the simplexml_load_file() function

The selection includes books both for those who have experience with this language and for beginners. One thing to remember is that you don't always have to be familiar with programming using PHP. Therefore, if you choose it as your first language, then this should be an informed decision and it is better to do it in conjunction with the study of other technologies. It will help you make your choice.

« PHP, in my opinion, is not the best to start learning programming. It is good and powerful for its purposes. This is not my first programming language, so learning it did not require a lot of effort and books. I learned PHP first on my own, using various sites with reference materials, then taking courses, and then again using sites. I mainly used the manual on php.net from the creators"- says Vladimir Vashchenko, Senior Developer at Sevmorgeo.

PHP, MySQL, JavaScript & HTML5 All-in-One For Dummies (Steve Suehring)

For those who chose PHP as their first language to learn. The book from the famous publishing house O"Reilly reveals the essence of key web technologies. Here is everything you need to know to get started about creating dynamic web pages that run on MySQL. Unfortunately, there are inaccuracies in the code examples, but broken examples can be compensated simply by Googling .

Learning PHP and MySQL (Lynn Bailey)

Suitable for beginners, but before reading it is better to have skills in working with html. The book provides simple and understandable examples, sequentially covering topics from elementary to advanced. The book is designed in an interesting visual format that will not let you get bored, and contains many exercises.

Learning PHP, MySQL, & JavaScript 4th Edition (Robin Nixon)
in Russian 3rd edition

Comprehensive and up-to-date, the book is suitable for beginners, but will also be useful for those with experience working with these technologies. This best-selling book explains each one, shows how to combine them, and covers the most important concepts in modern web development.

More complicated

PHP Advanced and Object-Oriented Programming: Visual QuickPro Guide (Larry Ullman)

A book for understanding OOP in PHP. Unlike many “techies,” the author writes in an accessible manner and cares so much about his readers that he personally answers questions that arise during reading on his forum.

PHP. Objects, Patterns, and Programming Techniques (Mat Zandstra)

A must read for those who want to become a pro. The book is suitable for Junior level and will be useful for those who are tired of writing in a procedural style. In principle, it will be useful not only for PHP programmers. Design and development approaches are described here in a very clear way. The author covers OOP in all its glory, and the patterns shown in the book allow you to “work wonders.” One of the goodies is working with git.

Bonus

Domain-Driven Design (DDD) (Eric Evans)

Worth reading for anyone dealing with OOP. The book expands the understanding of both design patterns and application architecture, offering something more than the usual OOP. The examples in the book in a C-like language will be understandable to any programmer.

If you are a beginner, take on a simple project as soon as possible: a business card website, a small online store. Once you reach expert “status,” don’t forget to follow the official documentation.

And for those who want to develop professionally in PHP, we recommend the profession.

Digest of current materials for learning PHP 7: books, video tutorials and online courses for specialists of different levels of training.

For in-depth study

PHP. The right way

An easy-to-follow, comprehensive guide to PHP that introduces the reader to effective use of the language and its standards.
The manual is accompanied by links to authoritative sources and recognized guides throughout the Internet, which significantly expands the scope of language learning.
This resource has been translated into several languages, including Russian, Japanese, Chinese, Italian, Spanish and German. It is entirely freely available and allows you to not only use it for free, but also contribute to it using GitHub.

M. Zandstra “PHP. Objects, patterns and programming techniques" (2016)

The book includes a detailed overview of PHP's object-oriented features: defining classes, inheritance, encapsulation, and more. You will also learn some basic design techniques.
The second part of the book is devoted to design patterns, examining their concepts, implementation methods, and applications.
The last part of the book describes several important utilities and techniques that help you create a successful project from disparate pieces of code. This part of the book describes how to manage multiple programmers using Git, how to build and deploy a project using Phing and PEAR.
You will also learn the basics of automated testing and project building.

D. Koterov, I. Simdyanov “PHP 7. The most complete guide” (2016)

This book covers the basics of the PHP language and its working environment on different operating systems.
The radical changes in the PHP language that have occurred since the release of the previous edition are reflected: traits, namespaces, anonymous functions, closures, strongly typed elements, generators, a built-in Web server and many other features. A description of the syntax of PHP 7 is provided, as well as functions for working with arrays, files, the MySQL DBMS, memcached, regular expressions, graphic primitives, mail, sessions, and so on.
Particular attention is paid to the working environment: the assembly of PHP-FPM and the nginx Web server, the MySQL DBMS, the SSH protocol, VirtualBox virtual machines and the Vagrant virtual machine manager.
The publication describes the most modern approaches to web development. The publisher's website contains the source codes for all listings.

PHP programming language - Training course - Savelyeva N.V. - 2006.

PHP is currently one of the most popular languages for implementing web applications. This course is devoted to studying its basics. The emphasis is on the practical application of acquired skills.
The PHP language was created to solve a specific practical problem on the Internet (which one can be found out by reading the first lecture of the course). We will also try not to be distracted too much by theoretical reasoning, and will strive to solve a specific problem in each of the lectures. Most of the examples are taken from a real-life system: a virtual museum of the history of computer science. The first part of the course is devoted to studying the basics of syntax and control structures. After this, client-server technology is considered as the main application area of the PHP language. Then we move on to studying the most useful built-in functions in our opinion and solving practical problems with their help. Although the object model in the PHP language is not the richest, its fundamental presence allows you to naturally describe object data models. As a basic model, the document model of a virtual computer science museum will be considered. After this, a number of applied aspects will be considered: working with the file system, with the database, strings, sessions, DOM XML - all this will allow us to consider the key tasks of the practical use of the language.

PHP, MySQL for beginners - Andy Harris - 2005.

This book will help you learn how to program in PHP and create databases in MySQL. If your goal is to write programs for web servers, then this book is for you. You will learn all the basic concepts of programming languages, in particular, learn the commands and syntax of the PHP language. You will also learn how data is used in modern environments, in addition to all this, you will also learn the programming process itself.

Download and read PHP, MySQL for beginners - Andy Harris

PHP - Learning by Example - Kuharchik A.

PHP - Learning by Example - Kukharchik A. - 2004.

The basics of PHP, a popular language for writing scripts for Web pages, are presented in a simple and accessible way. By completing simple examples, the reader will be able to master the basics of programming in PHP, create a dynamic page, a site visit counter, a voting system, an address book, and an online store. Typical errors in using scripts are described, as well as ways to correct them. The book contains code snippets that you can use to create your own projects.

Intended primarily for beginners, but can also be useful for experienced programmers using PHP.