What are the hot keys? Windows hotkeys
The possibilities of Windows 7 seem limitless: creating documents, sending letters, writing programs, processing photos, audio and video materials is not a complete list of what can be done using this smart machine. However, the operating system contains secrets that are not known to every user, but allow for optimized operation. One of these is the use of hot key combinations.
Keyboard shortcuts on Windows 7 are specific combinations that can be used to perform various tasks. Of course, you can use a mouse for this, but knowing these combinations will allow you to do work on your computer faster and easier.
Classic keyboard shortcuts for Windows 7
- Ctrl+C– Copies text fragments (which were previously selected) or electronic documents;
- Ctrl+V– Inserting text fragments or files;
- Ctrl+A– Selecting text in a document or all elements in a directory;
- Ctrl+X– Cutting out part of the text or any files. This command is different from the command "Copy" the fact that when inserting a cut fragment of text/files, this fragment is not saved in its original location;
- Ctrl+S– Procedure for saving a document or project;
- Ctrl+P– Calls up the settings and printing tab;
- Ctrl+O– Calls up a tab for selecting a document or project that can be opened;
- Ctrl+N– The procedure for creating new documents or projects;
- Ctrl+Z– The operation of canceling a completed action;
- Ctrl+Y– The operation of repeating a completed action;
- Delete– Deleting an element. If you use this key with a file, it will be moved to "Basket". If you accidentally delete a file from there, you can restore it;
- Shift+Delete– Deleting a file permanently, without moving it to "Basket".
Keyboard shortcuts for Windows 7 when working with text
In addition to the classic Windows 7 keyboard shortcuts, there are special combinations that execute commands when the user works with text. Knowledge of these commands will be especially useful for those who are learning or already practicing touch typing on the keyboard. Thus, you can not only quickly type text, but also edit it. Similar combinations can work in various editors.
- Ctrl+B– Makes the selected text bold;
- Ctrl+I– Makes the selected text italic;
- Ctrl+U— Makes the selected text underlined;
- Ctrl+"arrow (left, right)"– Moves the cursor in the text either to the beginning of the current word (by pressing the left arrow) or to the beginning of the next word in the text (by pressing the right arrow). If you also hold down the key during this command Shift, then the cursor will not move, but words will be highlighted to the right or left of it, depending on the arrow;
- Ctrl+Home– Moves the cursor to the beginning of the document (no need to select text to move);
- Ctrl+End– Moves the cursor to the end of the document (the transfer will occur without selecting text);
- Delete– Deletes text that has been selected.
Keyboard shortcuts when working with Explorer, Windows, Desktop Windows 7
Windows 7 allows you to use keys to execute various commands to switch and change the appearance of windows when working with panels and Explorer. All this is aimed at increasing the speed and convenience of work.
- Win+Home– Maximizes all background windows. When pressed again, it collapses them;
- Alt+Enter– Switch to full screen mode. When pressed again, the command returns to its original position;
- Win+D– Hides all open windows; when pressed again, the command returns everything to its original position;
- Ctrl+Alt+Delete– Calls up a window in which you can perform the following actions: "Lock computer", "Change user", "Log out", "Change password…", "Start Task Manager";
- Ctrl+Alt+ESC— Calls "Task Manager";
- Win+R– Opens a tab "Running the program"(team "Start" — "Run");
- PrtSc (PrintScreen)– Launching a full screenshot procedure;
- Alt+PrtSc– Starting the procedure for snapshotting only a specific window;
- F6– Moving the user between different panels;
- Win+T– A procedure that allows you to switch directly between windows on the taskbar;
- Win+Shift– A procedure that allows you to switch in the opposite direction between windows on the taskbar;
- Shift+RMB– Activation of the main menu for windows;
- Win+Home— Expand or collapse all windows in the background;
- Win+"up arrow"– Enables full screen mode for the window in which the work is being performed;
- Win+"arrow to down"— Changing the size of the involved window to a smaller side;
- Shift+Win+"up arrow"— Enlarges the involved window to the size of the entire desktop;
- Win+"left arrow"– Moves the involved window to the leftmost area of the screen;
- Win+"right arrow"– Moves the involved window to the rightmost area of the screen;
- Ctrl+Shift+N– Creates a new directory in Explorer;
- Alt+P– Enable overview panel for digital signatures;
- Alt+"up arrow"– Allows you to move between directories one level up;
- Shift+RMB on file— Launching additional functionality in the context menu;
- Shift+RMB on folder– Inclusion of additional items in the context menu;
- Win+P– Enabling the function of adjacent equipment or additional screen;
- Win++ or — – Enabling the screen magnifier functionality on Windows 7. Increases or decreases the scale of icons on the screen;
- Win+G– Start moving between active directories.
Probably, every user on his way to the heights of computer mastery asks the questions: How can I speed up the system? How to make work more comfortable? And here numerous “registry tweaks”, tweaks, boosters and optimizers come into play. Some users, caught up in this process, even gain the very valuable experience of reinstalling a system that has been optimized to death.
But now let's leave such entertainment for a while and try to look at the problem from the other side. Completely different. For example, two people have cars (no, not Pentiums or Athlones, but the cars they drive). These two people get behind the wheel and race. And it turns out that one of them drives faster. You can, of course, say that his car is more powerful. But let's put them behind the same cars. Somebody will go faster anyway. Because he CAN drive fast. It’s the same with those machines that are computers. Someone barely presses the buttons, performing one useful action in five minutes. And for some, their fingers simply flutter over the keyboard, windows on the screen change at such a speed that less experienced users do not even have time to understand what is happening.
So, we conclude: in order to increase the productivity of your communication with a computer, you need to master the means of this very communication. What means do we have? Mouse and keyboard. There are not so many buttons on the mouse, and their purpose is immediately clear. But the keyboard... A bunch of keys, usually 105 or 106, and if everything is clear with letters and numbers, then with the rest of the keys it’s not so simple. But there are also key combinations! Even an advanced user may not know some of the secrets here.
Let's say right away that any self-respecting computer scientist should master the ten-finger touch typing method. Why so categorical? Simple arithmetic: how many times a day do you have to press keys on your keyboard? We can assume that quite a lot, even if you do not type several sheets of text, but limit yourself to typing Internet addresses in your favorite browser or entering a network password. Count how much time you spend looking down at the keyboard, finding the right key, placing your finger on it and pressing it. Now imagine how much shorter this procedure will be if you don’t have to look at the keyboard and search for the right key. To train a blind ten-finger finger, it takes a week or two of daily lessons for several hours. And for the rest of your life, you will gain the ability to work with a keyboard much faster and, undoubtedly, more comfortably than before. Draw your own conclusions.
Now let's figure out WHAT you need to press, or, simply put, what key combinations there are and what you can do with them. Windows Help says: "When using Windows, use keyboard shortcuts instead of the mouse. Using keyboard shortcuts, you can open, close, and navigate the Start menu, the desktop, various menus and dialog boxes, and web pages. Using shortcuts keys will make it easier to interact with the computer." And this is undoubtedly the truth.
Now let's finally get down to business and start studying these very combinations. The first table shows the most commonly used ones. If you still don't use them, get them on board immediately.
Note for complete novice users: the "+" sign between the key designations means that these keys should be pressed together, and in the order in which they are indicated. So, for example, if you see the message “press CTRL+C,” this means that you need to first press the CTRL key, and then, without releasing it, press the C key and then release them in the reverse order. If you press the C key first, and then CTRL, something completely different from what you intended will happen...
Key combinations. Table 1
| Combination | Action |
|---|---|
| CTRL+C, CTRL+INS | Copy |
| CTRL+V, SHIFT+INS | Insert |
| CTRL+X | Cutting |
| SHIFT+DEL | When working with text - cutting, when working with files - deleting without placing in the trash |
| CTRL+Z | Undo last action |
| Hold down CTRL while dragging an element | Copying a dragged element |
| Hold down CTRL+SHIFT while dragging an element | Create a shortcut for a dragged element |
| F2 | Rename a selected object |
| CTRL + RIGHT ARROW | Move the cursor to the beginning of the next word |
| CTRL + LEFT ARROW | Move the cursor to the beginning of the previous word |
| CTRL + DOWN ARROW | Move the cursor to the beginning of the next paragraph |
| CTRL + UP ARROW | Move the cursor to the beginning of the previous paragraph |
| CTRL + SHIFT with any arrow | Selecting a paragraph |
| SHIFT with any arrow | Select multiple items in a window or desktop, or select text in a document |
| CTRL+A | Select all |
| F3 | Open search window |
| ALT+ENTER, ALT+double click | Launching the properties window for the selected object |
| ALT+F4 | Close active window |
| ALT + SPACEBAR | Open the system menu of the active window |
| ALT+minus | Open the system menu of a child window in a program that allows simultaneous work with several windows |
| CTRL+F4 | Close the active document in a program that allows simultaneous work with several documents |
| ALT+TAB | Go to next window |
| ALT+SHIFT+TAB | Go to the next window in the opposite direction |
| ALT+F6 | Moving to the next document in a program that allows simultaneous work with several documents |
| ALT+ESC | Switch between items in the order they were opened |
| F6 | Switch between screen elements in a window or desktop |
| F4 | Display the address bar list in My Computer or Windows Explorer |
| SHIFT+F10 | Open the context menu for the selected element |
| CTRL+ESC | Opening the Start menu |
| ALT + underlined letter in menu title | Display the corresponding menu |
| Underlined letter in open menu command name | Execute the appropriate command |
| F10 | Activating the menu bar of the current program |
| F5 | Refresh active window |
| BACKSPACE | Browse the folder up one level in My Computer or Windows Explorer. When working with text, delete the character to the left of the cursor." |
| DELETE | When working with files, delete the file to the trash. When working with text, delete the character to the right of the cursor |
| ESC | Cancel current action |
| SHIFT when inserting a CD into the drive | Refusal of automatic start |
Now let's see what you can do with the keyboard in dialog boxes.
Key combinations. table 2
For those who prefer to work with Windows Explorer, the following table will be useful, which shows ways to work with the directory tree.
Key combinations. Table 3
| Combination | Action |
|---|---|
| Up and down arrows | Navigating the Explorer Tree |
| END and HOME | Move to the bottom and top position of the tree respectively |
| "*" (asterisk) on the numeric keypad. Num Lock enabled | Display all folders subordinate to the selected directory |
| Plus sign on the numeric keypad. Num Lock enabled | Expands the selected branch |
| Minus sign on the numeric keypad. Num Lock enabled | Collapses the selected branch |
| Left arrow | Collapses the selected branch, or branches to the parent branch |
| Right arrow | Expands the selected branch, or navigates to the first subfolder |
Among other things, your keyboard most likely has special keys that open up additional options. These are the Windows key, the context menu key, and the Turbo or Fn key. The Turbo key (aka Fn) in combination with the F11 key locks the keyboard. And, accordingly, it unlocks by pressing the same combination again. The purpose of the context menu button is clear from its name. As an alternative, you can use the combination SHIFT+F10. For those who have not yet understood: using this button, they call up the context menu, that is, the menu that is usually called up by right-clicking on an object.
Now let's look at the Windows key.
Key combinations. Table 4
| Combination | Action |
|---|---|
| Win | Opens the "Start" menu |
| Win+D | Minimizes windows, press again - maximizes them |
| Win+M | Minimizes windows, except dialog ones |
| Win+SHIFT+M | Maximizes windows |
| Win+E | Launching Explorer |
| Win+R | Launching the Run dialog box |
| Win+F | Search |
| Win+CTRL+F | Search for a computer |
| Win+F1 | Launch Windows Help |
| Win+U | Opening Utility Manager |
| Win+BREAK | Opening the system properties window |
| Win+L | For Windows XP - blocking the computer, or, if the computer is not included in the domain, switching users |
| Win+TAB | Switch between buttons on the taskbar. By clicking on any button, you can expand the selected window by pressing Enter. |
Now let's talk about quickly launching programs. Firstly, you can use the Run window, which, as you already know, is opened by pressing the Win+R key combination. Below is a short list of the most commonly used commands entered into the Run window.
Key combinations. Table 5
| Team | What's running |
|---|---|
| cmd, command | Command line |
| notepad | Notebook |
| wordpad | Text editor WordPad |
| calc | Calculator |
| mspaint | Graphic editor Paint |
| regedit | Registry Editor |
| winmine | "Mine Mines" game |
| control | Control Panel |
| x: | Explorer window with table of contents of disk directories (x - drive letter) |
| excel | Excel Spreadsheets |
| winword | Word processor |
If you are too lazy to type commands, you can do the following. Create a shortcut for a program or document that you plan to run frequently. Open the shortcut properties and in the "Shortcut" line, specify the key combination that will launch this shortcut.
Since you use the Windows operating system, then most likely you also have Microsoft Office installed. And, probably, you sometimes (and maybe often) have to create text documents using Word. But the text must not only be created, it must also be formatted. And to do this, you have to look up from the keyboard and use your mouse to poke at buttons and menus: alignment, underlining, font size... And if you type quickly (haven’t you forgotten that you absolutely need to master the touch typing method?), then get distracted by You don’t want a mouse at all, because it wastes quite a lot of time. So, to optimize yourself yourself, it would not hurt you to learn how to use the keyboard to format text.
By default, the most frequently used commands have keyboard shortcuts already configured. If you want to see which combination is used for which command, or even reconfigure it to your own combinations, go here: Tools - Settings - Commands tab - Keyboard button.
Well, below are some default combinations. Learn and use.
Character Formatting
Key combinations. Table 6
| Combination | Action |
|---|---|
| CTRL+SHIFT+F | Font selection |
| CTRL+SHIFT+P | Selecting font size |
| CTRL+D | Window for changing font format |
| SHIFT+F3 | Changing the case of letters |
| CTRL+SHIFT+A | Convert all letters to uppercase and back |
| CTRL+B | Adding bold style |
| CTRL+U | Underline text |
| CTRL+SHIFT+W | Underline words but not spaces |
| CTRL+SHIFT+D | Double underline text |
| CTRL+SHIFT+H | Convert to hidden text |
| CTRL+I | Adding italics |
| CTRL+SHIFT+K | Convert all letters to small caps |
| CTRL+"=" (equal sign) | Convert to subscript |
| CTRL+ALT+SHIFT+X | Convert to superscript |
| CTRL+SPACEBAR | Removing additional formatting from selected characters |
| CTRL+SHIFT+Q | Designing selected characters in Symbol font |
| CTRL+SHIFT+8 | Displaying non-printing characters |
| SHIFT+F1 (then click the text of interest) | Displaying character formatting information |
| CTRL+SHIFT+C | Copy formatting |
| CTRL+SHIFT+V | Paste formatting |
Formatting Paragraphs
Key combinations. Table 7
| Combination | Action |
|---|---|
| CTRL+0 (zero) | Increase or decrease the space before the current paragraph by one line |
| CTRL+E | Centering a paragraph |
| CTRL+J | Justify a paragraph |
| CTRL+L | Align a paragraph left |
| CTRL+R | Align a paragraph to the right |
| CTRL+M | Adding left padding |
| CTRL+SHIFT+M | Removing left indentation |
| CTRL+T | Creating a lip |
| CTRL+SHIFT+T | Reducing the protrusion |
| CTRL+Q | Remove additional formatting from selected paragraphs |
| CTRL+SHIFT+S | Applying a style |
| CTRL+SHIFT+N | Applying a style |
| CTRL+SHIFT+L | Applying a style |
Editing and moving text and pictures
Key combinations. Table 8
| Combination | Action |
|---|---|
| BACKSPACE | Deleting one character to the left of the cursor |
| CTRL+BACKSPACE | Delete one word to the left of the cursor |
| DEL | Deleting one character to the right of the cursor |
| CTRL+DEL | Delete one word to the right of the cursor |
| CTRL+X, SHIFT+DEL | Deleting a selection to the clipboard |
| CTRL+Z | Cancel action |
| CTRL+Y | Repeat action |
| F2, then move the cursor and press ENTER | |
| SHIFT+DOWN ARROW | One line down |
| SHIFT+UP ARROW | One line up |
| CTRL+SHIFT+DOWN ARROW | Until the end of the paragraph |
| CTRL+SHIFT+UP ARROW | Before the beginning of the paragraph |
| SHIFT+PAGE DOWN | One screen down |
| SHIFT+PAGE UP | Up one screen |
| ALT+CTRL+PAGE DOWN | Until the end of the document |
| CTRL+SHIFT+HOME | Before the document begins |
| CTRL+A | Select entire document |
| CTRL+SHIFT+F8, then - cursor movement keys (to exit the mode - ESC key) | Select a vertical block of text |
| F8, then - the cursor keys (to exit the mode - the ESC key) | Select a specific fragment of a document |
Work with documents
Key combinations. Table 10
F1 - calls up Windows Help or the help window of the active program. In Microsoft Word, the Shift+F1 key combination shows text formatting;
F2- renames the selected object on the desktop or in the Explorer window;
F3- opens a search window for a file or folder on the desktop and in Explorer. The Shift+F3 key combination is often used to search backwards;
F4- opens a drop-down list, such as the address bar list in the My Computer window or in Explorer. Keyboard shortcuts Alt+F4 in Windows is used to close applications, and Ctrl+F4− is used to close part of a document or program (for example, tabs) ;
F5 - refreshes the active window of an open web page, desktop, explorer, and so on. In Microsoft PowerPoint, F5 starts the slide show from the beginning, and the key combination Shift+F5− starts from the current slide;
F6 - switch between screen elements in a window or on the desktop. In Explorer and Internet Explorer - move between the main part of the window and the address bar;
F7- checks spelling (in Word, Excel);
F8 - when loading the operating system, selects the boot mode.
In the Word editor, enables advanced text selection.
Selecting a fragment from the initial to the final cursor position occurs without holding down the Shift key.
Pressing F8 again highlights the word closest to the cursor.
The third is a sentence containing it.
The fourth is a paragraph. Fifth - document.
You can remove the last selection by pressing the key combination Shift+F8.
You can disable the mode using the Esc key;
F9 - in some programs updates selected fields;
F10- activates the full menu, and the key combination Shift+F10 activates the context menu;
F11 - switches the window to full screen mode and back, for example, in Internet Explorer;
F12 - go to selecting file saving options
(File -> Save As).
On a standard PC/AT keyboard, the alphanumeric block consists of 47 keys and includes keys for entering letters, numbers, punctuation, arithmetic, and special characters. The effect of these keys depends on the case (lower - upper) in which these keys are pressed.
The control keys Shift, Ctrl, Caps Lock, Alt and AltGr (right Alt) are also called modifier keys, since they are designed to change the actions of other keys.
Shift (read “Shift”) is an uppercase key (non-fixed switching). Used in conjunction with other keys, such as the alphanumeric block keys for typing capital letters and uppercase characters.
Additionally, the Shift key is used as a modifier in keyboard shortcuts and mouse clicks. For example, to open a link in a separate window in a browser, you need to click on the link with the mouse button,
while holding down the Shift key.
Ctrl (read “control”) - used in combination with other keys, for example:
Ctrl+A- on Windows selects all text in the window;
Ctrl+B- in the MS Word editor switches the font to “bold-normal”;
Ctrl+C- in programs with WinAPI copies text to the buffer, and in console programs it ends the command;
Ctrl+F- in many programs opens a search dialog;
Ctrl+I- in the MS Word editor switches the font to “italic-normal”;
Ctrl+N- in programs with a multi-window interface opens a new empty window;
Ctrl+O- in many programs opens a dialog for opening an existing file;
Ctrl+P - in many programs, sends text to print or opens a print dialog;
Ctrl+Q - in some programs exit it;
Ctrl+R- in browsers refreshes the contents of the window;
Ctrl+S - in many programs saves the current file
or calls a save dialog;
Ctrl+T- in browsers opens a new tab;
Ctrl+U- in the MS Word editor toggles text underlining;
Ctrl+V- in programs with WinAPI pastes the contents of the clipboard;
Ctrl+W- in some programs closes the current window;
Ctrl+Z- in many programs undoes the last action;
Ctrl+F5- in browsers updates the content;
Ctrl+Home - in programs with a text field, moves to the beginning of the document being edited;
Ctrl+End - in programs with a text field, moves to the end of the document being edited;
Ctrl+- in Total Commander navigates to the root directory of the disk.
Alt (read “Alt”) - used in conjunction with other keys, modifying their action. For example:
Alt+F4- in all programs closes them;
Alt+F7- in some programs opens a search dialog;
Alt+F10 - in some file managers brings up the directory tree;
Alt+Tab- in Windows navigates to the next running window;
Alt+letter - in some programs calls menu commands or opens menu columns.
Additionally, the keyboard shortcuts Alt+Shift or Ctrl+Shift are commonly used to switch keyboard layouts.
Capslock (read “Capslock”) - switch to uppercase mode (fixed switching). Pressing the key again cancels this mode. Used when typing
IN CAPITAL letters.
The Esc control key (read “Escape”), used to cancel the current operation or last change, minimize an application, go to the previous menu or screen, or remove a selection, is located in the left corner of the keyboard next to the function key block.
In the Windows operating system, the keyboard shortcut Ctrl+Shift+Esc opens the Task Manager.
Tab (read “Tab”) - in text editors, enters a tab character and works with indentations, and in graphical interfaces moves focus between elements. For example, moving between the desktop, Start button, Quick Launch, taskbar, and system tray.
The AppsKey action is equivalent to right-clicking the mouse and brings up a context menu for the selected object.
Line feed key Enter (Enter) - used to enter a line feed when typing text, selecting a menu item, issuing a command or confirming an action, and so on.
Backspace (read “Backspace”) - in text editing mode, deletes the character to the left of the cursor, and outside the typing area - returns to the previous screen of the program or web page in the browser.
Delete (read “Divide”) - deletes the selected object, selected text fragment
or the character to the right of the input cursor.
The Insert key (read “Insert”) is used to switch between insertion modes (the text appears to move apart) and replacement modes (new characters replace existing text) when editing text.
The key combination Ctrl+Insert replaces the “copy” command, and Shift+Insert replaces the “paste” command. In the Total Commander and FAR Manager file managers, the key is used to select a file or folder.
PrtScn (print screen) (read “Print screen”) - takes a screenshot and places it on the clipboard. In combination with the Alt key, the image is copied to the buffer
current active window.
The ScrLk (Scroll Lock) service key (read “Scroll Lock”) blocks scrolling and when activated with the cursor keys, the contents of the entire screen are shifted, which is very convenient when editing large tables, for example, in Excel.
Pause/Break (read “Pause” or “Break”) - pauses the computer. In modern operating systems, this key is only relevant when the computer boots.
The up, down, right and left arrows refer to the cursor keys and allow you to navigate through menu items and move the input cursor in the corresponding direction by one position. When combined with the Ctrl key, the arrows move a greater distance. For example, in the Microsoft Word editor, Ctrl+← moves the cursor one word to the left.
Using the Shift key selects a block of text.
The Home and End keys move the cursor to the beginning and end of the current line of a document or list of files.
What hotkeys are useful to know?
The Ctrl + Shift + Esc key combination is indispensable when the computer freezes; it calls up the “Task Manager”, with which you can end a process, cancel a task, or shut down the computer.
Alt + Tab keys allow you to switch between open windows. A panel with all open applications appears in the center of the screen, and when selecting the active window, you need to hold down the Alt key and press the Tab key several times.
The combination Alt + Space (spacebar) opens the window system menu, with which you can restore, move, maximize, minimize and close the window without using the mouse.
Alt + Shift or Ctrl + Shift – switch keyboard layout.
Using Win + D you can minimize all windows and show the desktop, and the Win + M keys minimize all windows except dialog windows.
Win + E opens the My Computer folder.
Win + F – opens a window to search for a file or folder.
Hello, dear readers of the blog site! Probably, many users, even beginners, know about the existence of so-called hot keys in the Windows OS (they are also called fast, which reflects the essence).
But only a few take full advantage of the benefits they provide when working with applications, files () or when browsing the Internet through browsers (in this article I will mention Chrome, Opera, Mazila and IE as the most popular).
I think that the lion's share of readers fully understand what we are talking about. But, keeping in mind that this blog was originally created for those who are just beginning their difficult path to mastering modern technologies, I will still give some clarifications.
Hot keys are a combination, or combination, of certain buttons on a computer keyboard that are pressed in a strict sequence (one after the other, and not all together), which allows you to expand the functionality of the operating system, ensuring that you perform the actions you need.
Before moving on to specifics, I note that the hotkeys provided below are for the most part universal and valid not only for Windows, but also for other operating systems (for example, Linux). Therefore, the material will be useful to almost everyone.
Basic Windows 7 hotkeys
For a better understanding of the material, let’s take as a basis the keyboard combinations implemented in the seven. And just below I will try to introduce in addition the shortcut keys that appeared already in the 8th and 10th modifications of this operating system. All keyboard shortcuts are divided into the following categories based on functionality:
- local - activate the desired function only if the window of the software intended specifically for them is open;
- global (for a program) - work in any window, but are intended for the corresponding program;
- global (for the operating system) - valid in any window.
It is worth noting here that developers of this or that software often set their default hotkeys for various operations and commands. In many cases, the user has the opportunity to independently choose those combinations that are convenient for him. You just need to keep in mind that the same combinations for different programs can lead to a conflict of global software hotkeys.
So, one of the most important for Windows is the global combination Ctrl + Alt + Delete, which allows us to go to a menu from where we can lock the computer, change the user, log out, change the password and launch the Task Manager.
You can immediately restart the computer, set sleep mode, or turn off the machine completely if you select the desired item from the drop-down menu of the red button in the lower right corner.
By the way, the Manager can be directly activated using Ctrl + Shift + Esc. With its help, we disable one or another operation (remove a task) that causes a freeze or causes unstable operation of the system.
A very useful combination Win+R, which opens the Run command dialog box. In a special field you can enter the name of any program, folder, document or web resource that you want to open.
Below I present a table with the main combinations for Windows that help speed up your computer work ( Win- key with the Windows logo):
| Hotkeys | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Win (Ctrl + Esc) | Open (close) the Start menu | ||
| Win+Pause/Break | Open System Properties dialog box | ||
| Win+R | Launch the Run dialog box | ||
| Win+D | Show (hide) desktop | ||
| Win+M | Collapse all windows | ||
| Win + Shift + M | Restore minimized windows | ||
| Win+E | Launch the Computer component | ||
| Win+F | Open search window | ||
| Win + Space | By pressing and holding these keys in succession, you can view the desktop | ||
| Win+Tab | Transitions between open windows (applications) | ||
| Basic keyboard shortcuts | |||
| Ctrl + Shift + Esc | Call Task Manager | ||
| F1 | Show Windows Help | ||
| Ctrl + C (Ctrl + Insert) | Copy (file or selected text fragment) | ||
| Ctrl+X | Cut (file or selected text) | ||
| Ctrl + V (Shift + Insert) | Insert (file or part of text) | ||
| Ctrl+Z | Undo an action on your computer | ||
| Ctrl+Y | Repeat action | ||
| Ctrl+D | Delete the selected object to the Trash | ||
| Shift+Delete | Permanently delete the selected object (without placing it in the Trash) | ||
| F2 | Rename the selected item (file) | ||
| Ctrl + right arrow | Move the mouse cursor to the beginning of the next word | ||
| Ctrl + left arrow | Move the mouse cursor to the beginning of the previous word | ||
| Ctrl + down arrow | Move the mouse cursor to the beginning of the next paragraph | ||
| Ctrl + up arrow | Move the mouse cursor to the beginning of the previous paragraph | ||
| Ctrl + Shift + arrow key | Select the desired number of words of text in a document, elements (for example, shortcuts) on the desktop, or files | ||
| Shift + any arrow key | Select the required number of letters in the text of a document, desktop elements or files. You can select items line by line by using the down and up arrow keys | ||
| Ctrl+A | Select all elements (for example, all text) in a document or open window | ||
| F3 | Search for a file or folder | ||
| F4 | Show address bar list in Explorer | ||
| Alt+F4 | Close the current item or exit the program | ||
| ALT + Space | Show the context menu of the active window | ||
| Ctrl+F4 | Close the active document window (if several documents are open in the program) | ||
| ALT+Tab | Moving from one open window to another | ||
| F5 (Ctrl + R) | Refresh active window | ||
| F6 | Switch between elements in a window, including on the desktop | ||
| F10 | Bring up the menu bar in an open application | ||
| Shift + F10 | Open a context menu for a selected item (for example, a file) | ||
| Left Alt + Shift | Switch input language if there are several of them | ||
| Ctrl + Shift | Switch keyboard layout if there are several of them | ||
| Dialog window | |||
| Ctrl+Tab | Move forward through tabs | ||
| Ctrl + Shift + Tab | Go back through tabs | ||
| Tab | Move forward through active window elements | ||
| Shift+Tab | Navigate back through active window elements | ||
| Space | Installing or unchecking a checkbox in settings options | ||
| Windows Explorer | |||
| Ctrl + N | Open new window | ||
| Ctrl+W | Close current window | ||
| Ctrl + Shift + N | Create a folder | ||
| End | Move to the bottom element in the window | ||
| Home | Move to the top element in the window | ||
| Alt+Enter | Open a dialog menu with the properties of the selected element (file) | ||
| Alt + left arrow | View previous folder | ||
| Alt + right arrow | Browse next folder | ||
| Alt + up arrow | View parent folder | ||
| Ctrl + Shift + E | Display all directories in which the selected folder is nested | ||
| Alt+D | Call the “View” item in the menu bar | ||
| Ctrl + E (Ctrl + F) | Moving the cursor (focusing) to the search bar | ||
As I already said, these are basic hotkeys that we can use in Windows 7 to speed up work and save time. For those who are accustomed to doing everything thoroughly, I provide a link to the original source, which presents their complete register.
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Finding and setting up keyboard shortcuts in Windows 7
Basically, in the previous paragraph I gave a direct link to a complete list of all keyboard combinations. You can get almost the same thing if you use Help from MicroSoft. To get it, type the combination on your keyboard Win+F1 and enter the corresponding query in the search field. If you check “Local Help” at the bottom, you don’t even need an Internet connection:
From the resulting heap of results, select the one you need. Now let's see how you can change the keyboard shortcut in your own image to call any program, or set it if it was not assigned by default.
So, let's see how to set up hot keys on Windows 7. In order to assign them, select the shortcut of the desired program on the desktop and call the “Properties” item, where you insert the cursor into the field opposite the “Shortcut” option:
If the line says “no,” then there are no hotkeys installed for this program. To assign them, press any number or letter on the keyboard, as a result a new combination will be entered into the line (Ctrl + Alt will be added automatically):
Click “OK”, and that’s basically it. Now this program will be launched when you type the shortcut keys installed for it. In the future, if you decide to change the combination again, proceed in a similar way. To disable a previously assigned combination, enter the cursor opposite the “Shortcut” and press the “Backspace” key.
Keyboard shortcuts for Windows 8.1
Next, we will supplement the information received and try to build a table with those combinations that were added in the figure eight to optimize work on the computer and save users time. Of course, I will not give the entire list, since it is very impressive. Let's focus on the main ones:
| Hotkeys | Action corresponding to a key combination |
|---|---|
| Win+F1 | Access Windows Help |
| Win + Home | Collapse (maximize) all windows |
| Win+C | Call up the charms |
| Win+F | Search charms for finding files |
| Win+H | Open the Sharing charm |
| Win+I | Open the Settings charm |
| Win+K | Open the Devices charm |
| Win + O | Fix the screen orientation type (portrait or landscape) |
| Win+Q | Call the “Search” charm to find data across all resources or within the boundaries of an open application (if it supports this option) |
| Win+S | Miracle “Search” button to find information in Windows and on the Internet |
| Win+W | Calling the “Search” charm to get parameters |
| Win+Z | Display commands available in a specific application (if available) |
| Win+Tab | Switch between recently used apps |
| Win + Space | Switching input language and keyboard layout |
| Win + Ctrl + Space | Return to previously set input language |
| Win + Plus | Zoom in using Magnifier |
| Win + Minus | zoom out using screen magnifier |
| Win+Esc | Quit Magnifier |
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Keyboard shortcuts in Windows 10
Well, in conclusion, let's look at some of the shortcut keys that are present in the latest version of the Windows 10 operating system. The majority of keyboard shortcuts are still based on Windows 7. But there are also those that activate fundamentally new options and functions some are slightly modified. We will consider them by studying the next table below:
I emphasize once again that the table above does not fully reflect all combinations, but only those shortcut keys that were added by the developers. By analogy with the seven, I direct you to a page with a complete list of combinations for Windows 10.
Hotkeys in the browser (Chrome, Firefox, Opera, IE)
Now we will look at some combinations that may be useful to you when working in an open browser window. In principle, the combinations below, which I often use, work quite well in , although there are exceptions, which I will discuss below in the course of the story.
There are just some small nuances, which we’ll talk about in passing. At the same time, let us assume by default that Windows is installed on the computer as the most popular OS among users. But, as I noted above, the lion’s share of keyboard shortcuts will work in other operating systems.
So let's get started. Sometimes it happens that you accidentally close the tab with the desired web resource. In this case, you have to spend precious time finding the web site again, especially if you did not have time to bookmark it. That's when keyboard shortcuts come to the rescue. Ctrl + Shift + T, which give you the opportunity to open the closed tab that you turned off last.
It can be very convenient, without bothering yourself with unnecessary mouse movements, to immediately move the cursor to the address bar of the browser. To do this, dial Alt+D, then immediately enter the URL of the website you want to go to. If you are on a specific page of a website, then when you press these hotkeys, the URL of that resource will be highlighted.
When dialing Ctrl+E we give the command to search the browser for information by the entered search query, and not by the URL of the web resource. This is indicated by a question mark in the address bar of the same Chrome:
There are some features worth mentioning here. Let's try to first enter the website URL directly (I have Google as my default search):
After which we receive detailed data on the required resource with all possible main addresses of its web pages, links from other resources where there are mentions of it, reviews, etc.
Now we can simply enter the domain name () of the desired site:
In this case, all the information on the search results page will be similar to the previous option, but the links will be presented in a slightly different sequence and form.
Some differences will also be observed when searching in Yandex. If you enter the address (with ) or domain of the site using the standard format (without Ctrl+E), then you will simply go to its main page. Like this. This key combination works correctly in , and . But in , it doesn’t seem to work, at least not yet.
Often we need to get the source code of the page, which is called using the combination Ctrl+U. Moreover, in Google Chrome and Opera the code will appear in a new tab, which is very convenient. But when using Mozilla Firefox and IE, it opens in a new window, which, at least for me, causes discomfort. It's good that my work web browser is Chrome.
Keyboard shortcut Ctrl+A makes it possible to select all elements on a web page. This helps when you need to quickly copy the content of a web page, which sometimes takes up a considerable amount of space, and doing this with the mouse is extremely inconvenient.
For example, sometimes I test the correctness of the micro-markup of a particular blog web page in Google's Structured Data Testing Tool service, where you can insert the HTML code of the page. This may come in handy for some other cases as well. Then I just press these hotkeys to select all the text and then copy it.
By the way, you can copy all the content or just a fragment of it to the clipboard using Ctrl+C, and paste what was copied to a new location by pressing the keys Ctrl+V. By the way, there are cases when using hot keys for copying and pasting is no alternative, since similar operations with the mouse are impossible.
Let's move on. If we are talking about finding certain fragments of text on a page (say, a word), then we use special key F3, which causes a search line to appear in which you can enter what you are looking for. In Chrome, this line appears at the top right:
In the line that appears, enter the desired word, part of it, or phrase. As a result, we instantly get the number of such fragments found on the page. Yellow stripes on the right will indicate those lines of text where this word or phrase appears.
To move from one word found and highlighted in yellow to another, use combinations Ctrl+G(to the next one) and Ctrl + Shift + G(to the previous one). In this case, the serial number is counted and the page is scrolled to display its location.
Almost such a quick text search (it can also be used when writing an article in the editor) helps me a lot with SEO analysis of a freshly written or edited article. Let's say, in order to remove too frequently repeated keys.
By the way, in different browsers this line is located differently, although the search mechanism on the page remains the same. As you understand, it takes the form described above in Google Chrome. In Opera it appears at the top left, and in Mozilla it appears at the bottom left. And only Internet Explorer does not provide such a search, as far as I know.
The next hotkey I would like to talk about is Ctrl+F5. You are probably aware that using the F5 button reloads the active page. However, almost all website owners use caching to speed them up ().
By the way, many webmasters use for these purposes, which is one of the best in its class, so take note. In this case, when making a request, users are not given the latest version of the web page, which may already contain some changes, but a cached copy of it.
So, to get a page not from the cache, but directly its latest version from the server, the key combination Ctrl+F5 is used. This is very convenient, including for viewing changes made on your own website. In the table below you can choose the desired combination of keys on the keyboard and their assignments when working in browsers:
| Keyboard shortcut | Action corresponding to a key combination | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| F1 | Call help for the browser that is currently active | ||
| Ctrl+H | View history | ||
| Ctrl+J | Open list of downloads (downloaded files) | ||
| Ctrl + Shift + Del | Open cache clear tool | ||
| Alt+F | Browser settings | ||
| Alt+F4 | Close browser | ||
| Shift+Esc | Calling the web browser task manager | ||
| F12 | Open developer tools | ||
| Ctrl + Shift + J | Open JavaScript Console | ||
| Tabs | |||
| Ctrl+T | Open new tab | ||
| Ctrl + click link | Open the page using the link in a new tab | ||
| Ctrl + F4 (Ctrl + W) | Close tab | ||
| Ctrl + Shift + T | Open last closed tab | ||
| Ctrl+Tab | Move one tab to the right | ||
| Ctrl + Shift + Tab | Move one tab to the left | ||
| Ctrl + 1-8 (basic number keys) | Select a tab by its serial number (from 1 to 8) | ||
| Ctrl + 9 | Select last tab | ||
| Window | |||
| Ctrl + N | Open new window | ||
| Ctrl + Shift + N | Open a new window in incognito mode | ||
| Ctrl + Shift + W (Alt + F4) | Close a window | ||
| Shift + click link | Open the web page using the link in a new window | ||
| F11 | Maximize the window to full screen (exit full screen mode) | ||
| Bookmarks | |||
| Ctrl+D | Bookmark this page | ||
| Ctrl + Shift + D | Create bookmarks for all open pages | ||
| Ctrl + Shift + O | Activate bookmark manager | ||
| Ctrl + Shift + B | Open bookmarks bar | ||
| Address bar in browser | |||
| Alt+Enter | Open the entered address in a new tab | ||
| Ctrl + K (Ctrl + E) | Focus on entering a query into the browser search field | ||
| F6 (Ctrl + L) | Select text in address bar | ||
| Ctrl + left arrow | Move cursor to the beginning of the previous word | ||
| Ctrl + right arrow | Move cursor to the beginning of the next word | ||
| Ctrl + Backspace | Delete the word in front of the cursor | ||
| Ctrl + Enter | Add www. and.com to the address and open the URL created in this way | ||
| Page in browser | |||
| Alt + Home | Go to the Yandex main page | ||
| F3 | Search on page | ||
| Ctrl+G | Move to next value when searching on page | ||
| Ctrl + Shift + G | Go to previous value when searching on page | ||
| Alt + left arrow | Go to previous web page | ||
| Alt + right arrow | Go to next web page | ||
| F5 | Refresh the page | ||
| Ctrl+F5 | Refresh the page bypassing the cache (download the latest version of the page) | ||
| Ctrl+S | Save page as... | ||
| Ctrl+P | Printing from a computer screen | ||
| Ctrl + Plus | Zooming in on the page | ||
| Ctrl + Minus | Zooming out the page | ||
| Ctrl + 0 | Set page scale to 100% | ||
| Ctrl+A | Select all | ||
| Ctrl+C | Copy | ||
| Ctrl+X | Cut | ||
| Ctrl+V | Insert | ||
| Ctrl+Z | Cancel | ||
| Ctrl + O | Open file | ||
| Ctrl+U | View page code | ||
Here are all the main, most commonly used hotkeys that can be useful when working in popular web browsers. However, for those who want to get the absolute maximum information, I will provide an additional link to the corresponding Chrome help, where there is data on this browser and, perhaps, you will find something else useful there.
When using a computer, the user performs most of the operations using the mouse, but in many cases it is impossible to do without using the keyboard. Text is typed using a keyboard, this is understandable, but to control a computer, a keyboard is also necessary.
To perform many operations on a computer or in programs, so-called “hot” keys are used. These keys, or a combination of several simultaneously pressed keys, perform certain commands that are necessary to perform any actions on the computer.
Most hotkeys perform the same actions in all versions of the Windows operating system. For new versions of the operating system, for example, for Windows 8.1, new hot keys have been added for more convenient control of the new interface of this operating system.
This article does not list all the hotkeys in Windows, there are a lot of them. I tried to select the most commonly used keys on the keyboard, which are used to perform various actions on the computer. In many cases, performing certain actions using the keyboard takes significantly less time than performing the same action using the mouse.
You can check this statement, for example, by opening a document in any text editor. After pressing the keyboard keys “Ctrl” + “P”, the document will be immediately sent to print. And when using a mouse, you will first need to enter the corresponding program menu, and then in the context menu that opens, select the command to print this document. In this case, the gain in time when using keyboard keys is obvious.
Keyboard keys are conventionally divided into 4 classes:
- Alphanumeric block - typewriter keys.
- Service keys are keyboard keys that control keyboard input.
- Function keys (“F1” – “F12”) - the functions of a specific key will depend on the application currently in use.
- Additional keyboard. This part of the keyboard is located on the right side of the keyboard. It is used to enter numbers and to control the computer. The operating mode is switched using the “Num Lock” key.
Service keys
Service keys are designed to perform the following actions:
- Enter - input. Execute a command, depending on the task currently being performed
Esc (Escape) - stop or cancel the action in progress - Caps Lock - enable the so-called capital letter mode. When you hold down this button, the entered text will be typed in capital letters
- Num Lock - enable the numeric keypad
- Page Up - scroll the page up
- Page Down - scroll the page down
- Backspace (←) - delete the last character
- Del (Delete) - deleting an object
- Ins (Insert) - used to insert and create
- Home - goes to the beginning (left edge) of the line
- End - goes to the end (right edge) of the line
- Tab - this key is used to switch between window elements without using the mouse
- Print Screen - this key is used to take a screenshot of the monitor screen
Keyboards widely use the “Ctrl (Conrtol)”, “Alt (Alternate)” and “Shift” keys, as they are often called modifier keys, which are used in conjunction with other keys to perform necessary actions.
Additional keys
These are relatively “new” keys that were introduced into the keyboard by keyboard manufacturers for more convenient computer control. These are the so-called Windows keys (keys with an image of the operating system logo), keys for controlling the computer's power, and multimedia keys.
Here are some keyboard shortcuts that perform actions when using the Win key (Windows):
- Win - open and close the Start menu
- Win + Pause/Break - open the System control panel window
- Win + R - open the Run window
- Win + D - show and hide the Desktop
- Win + M - minimize open windows
- Win + Shift + M - open previously minimized windows
- Win + E - launch Explorer
- Win + F - open the Search window
- Win + Space (Space) - when you click on these buttons you can view the Desktop
- Win + Tab - switch between running applications
- Win + L - block the computer or change users
Popular hotkeys
Other most commonly used keys and keyboard shortcuts:
- Alt + Shift - switch language
- Ctrl + Esc - open the Start menu
- Alt + Tab - switch between running programs
- Alt + F4 - close the current window or exit any program
- F1 - Windows Help
- F10 - activate menu bar
- Ctrl + O - open a document (in any program)
- Ctrl + W - close document (in any program)
- Ctrl + S - save document (in any program)
- Ctrl + P - print a document (in any program)
- Ctrl + A - select the entire document (in any program)
- Ctrl + C - copy a file or selected part of a document to the clipboard
- Ctrl + Insert - copy a file or selected part of a document to the clipboard
- Ctrl + X - cut a file or selected part of a document to the clipboard
- Ctrl + V - paste a file or selected part of a document from the clipboard
- Shift + Insert - insert a file or selected part of a document from the clipboard
- Ctrl + Z - undo last action
- Ctrl + Y - repeat undone action
- Del (Delete) - deleting an object to the Trash
- Ctrl + D - deleting an object to the Trash
- Shift + Del - deleting an object from the computer without placing it in the Recycle Bin
- F2 - rename the selected object
- Alt + Enter - properties of the selected object
- Shift + F10 - open the context menu for the selected object
- F5 - refresh active window
- Ctrl + R - refresh active window
- Ctrl + Shift + Esc - launch Task Manager
Keyboard shortcuts in Explorer
Some keyboard shortcuts for working in Explorer:
- Ctrl + N - open a new window
- Ctrl + W - close window
- Ctrl + Shift + N - create a new folder
- Ctrl + Shift + E - view all folders that contain the selected folder
Keyboard shortcuts in Windows 8.1
Windows 8 supports some additional keyboard shortcuts that are designed to better control the new features of this operating system.
Some keyboard shortcuts in the Windows 8.1 operating system:
- Win + C - opening the "miracle" buttons
- Win + F - open the "miracle" Search button to search for files
- Win + H - open the "miracle" button "Sharing"
- Win + K - open the “miracle” button “Devices”
- Win + I - open the “miracle” button “Options”
- Win + O - fix the screen orientation state (portrait or landscape)
- Win + Q - opening the “miracle” “Search” button to search for data in all or one open program
- Win + S - Open the "miracle" Search button to search Windows and the Internet
- Win + W - open the "miracle" button "Search" to search for parameters
- Win + Z - display the commands available in this application (if the program has such commands and parameters)
- Win + Tab - switch between recently used applications
- Win + Print Screen - take and save a screenshot
- Win + F1 - call help
- Win + Home - minimize or restore all windows of running applications
- Win + Space (Space) - switch keyboard layout to another language
- Win + Ctrl + Space (Space) – return to the previous keyboard layout
- Win + plus sign (+) - zoom in using Magnifier
- Win + minus sign (–) - zoom out using Magnifier
- Win + Esc - exit Magnifier
- Win + U - launches the Ease of Access Center application
Conclusion
Using hot keys on a computer can significantly speed up the execution of practical tasks, saving the user time. In some cases, when working, using the keys on the keyboard is more convenient than performing similar actions using the mouse.
