Terms and Definitions. Information processing systems. Machine graphics. Terms and definitions Permanent marker GOST 27459 87
GOST 27459-87
Group E00
INTERSTATE STANDARD
INFORMATION PROCESSING SYSTEMS
MACHINE GRAPHICS
Terms and Definitions
Information processing systems. Computer graphics.
Terms and definitions
ISS 01.040.35
35.140
OKSTU 4001
Date of introduction 1988-07-01
INFORMATION DATA
1. By Decree of the USSR State Committee on Standards dated October 28, 1987 N 4052, the standard of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance ST CMEA 5712-86 "Information processing systems. Computer graphics. Terms and definitions" was put into effect directly as a state standard of the USSR from 07/01/88
2. INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME
3. REFERENCE REGULATIVE AND TECHNICAL DOCUMENTS
4. REISSUE
This standard establishes terms and definitions of concepts in the field of computer graphics.
The terms established by this standard are required for use in documentation and literature of all types within the scope of standardization or using the results of this activity.
The standard must be applied in conjunction with GOST 15971 and GOST 19781.
1. Standardized terms with definitions are given in Table 1.
Table 1
Term | Definition |
GENERAL CONCEPTSGENERAL CONCEPTS |
|
1. Machine graphics | A set of methods and techniques for converting data into a graphical representation or graphical representation into data using a computer |
2. Line graphics | An area of computer graphics in which images are generated using rendering commands and coordinate data |
3. Raster graphics | An area of computer graphics in which images are generated from an array of pixels arranged in rows and columns |
4. Visualization Team | A command that changes the state or controls the action of a graphics device. |
5. Absolute Rendering Team | Rendering command that uses absolute coordinates |
6. Relative render command | Render command that uses relative coordinates |
7. Addressability | Number of addressable positions along each coordinate axis of physical space |
8. Addressable position | Any point in physical space that can be specified by coordinates |
PRESENTATION AND STORAGE OF IMAGES |
|
9. Encoded Image | Presentation of an image in a form convenient for storage and processing using a computer |
10. Absolute coordinate | One of the coordinates defining the position of the addressed point relative to the origin of a given coordinate system |
11. Relative coordinate | One of the coordinates defining the position of the addressed point relative to another addressed point |
12. Incremental coordinate | Relative coordinate in case the previous addressed position is the reference point |
13. User coordinate | Coordinate specified by the user and expressed in a coordinate system, independent of devices |
14. World coordinate | Device-independent Cartesian coordinate used in an application program to specify graphical inputs and outputs |
15. Device coordinate | Coordinate specified in a device-specific coordinate system |
16. Normalized coordinate | A coordinate specified in an intermediate, device-independent coordinate system and normalized relative to some range, usually from 0 to 1. |
17. Output primitive | A basic graphic element that can be used to construct an image. |
18. invisible line | A line segment on the projection of a three-dimensional object that is missing from the image because it is covered by the surface of the same or another object |
19. Wireframe view | A rendering mode that shows the edges of a 3D object regardless of whether they are visible or not |
20. Segment | A collection of output primitives that can be manipulated as a single unit. |
21. Marker | A symbol of a given type that is used to indicate a specific position on the rendering surface |
22. Input primitive | A collection of data received from input devices. |
23. Virtual space | A space in which the coordinates of output primitives are independent of devices |
VISUALIZATION OF IMAGES |
|
24. Visualization | Visual representation of data |
25. Image | A set of output primitives and (or) segments that can be simultaneously displayed on the visualization surface |
26. Soft copy | Unstorable image of graphic data |
27. Physical space | The space defined by the full set of addressable positions of the graphics device |
28. Visualization space | The portion of physical space corresponding to the area available for displaying images |
29. Pixel | The smallest element of a rendering surface that can be independently assigned color, intensity, and other image characteristics |
30. Absolute vector | A vector whose starting and ending points are specified in absolute coordinates |
31. Relative vector | A vector whose end point is specified as an offset from its starting point |
32. Increment value | Distance between adjacent addressable positions on the rendering surface |
33. Raster unit | A unit defined by the distance between the centers of adjacent pixels |
34. Plotter step | Increment value on the plotter |
35. Image blanking | Suppress rendering of one or more output primitives or segments |
36. Image flickering | Intentional periodic change in the intensity of one or more output primitives or segments |
37. Flashing image | Unwanted pulsations in the image on the cathode ray tube screen. |
38. Wrapping an image | An effect in which part of the image that extends beyond one of the boundaries of the visualization space appears at the opposite boundary of this space |
FUNCTIONAL DEVICES |
|
39. Rendering surface | The physical environment of the graphics device on which images are rendered. |
40. Graphic terminal | A terminal that includes at least one rendering surface and may include one or more input devices |
41. Raster display | A display in which an image is generated using raster graphics techniques |
42. Vector display | A display in which output primitives can be generated in any order specified by the program |
43. Memory cathode ray tube | According to GOST 13820 |
44. Plasma panel | Part of a display that consists of a grid of electrodes in a flat panel filled with gas. |
45. Drum plotter | A plotter that displays an image on a rendering surface mounted on a rotating drum |
46. Tablet plotter | A plotter that displays an image on a flat storage medium |
47. Raster plotter | A plotter that generates an image on a rendering surface using line-by-line input |
48. Electrostatic plotter | A raster plotter in which the coloring matter is electrostatically fixed to the paper using a series of electrodes |
49. Plotter writing unit | The part of the plotter that is used to make a mark on the rendering surface |
50. Character generator | A functional device that, in order to represent characters, converts their encoded representation into a graphical one |
51. Line character generator | A character generator that generates character images made up of line segments |
52. Dot character generator | A symbol generator that generates symbol images made up of dots |
53. Curve generator | A functional device that converts a coded representation of a curve into a graphical one |
54. Vector generator | A functional device that generates directed straight line segments |
55. UVP position input device | Input device providing position coordinates |
56. Ball pointer | A ball rotating about its center, used as a position input device |
57. Lever indicator | A lever that has at least two degrees of freedom, used as a position input device |
58. Wheel type device | A wheel rotating around its axis representing the value of a scalar quantity. |
59. Mouse type device | A position input device that is actuated by movement across a surface. |
60. Tablet | A position input device, which is a special surface with a mechanism that allows you to specify the coordinates of its location |
61. Pointing device | An input device that is used to specify a specific output primitive or segment |
62. Light pen | A light-sensitive pointing device that is used by pointing it at an imaging surface |
63. Light button | Output primitives used to emulate a function key using a pointing device |
64. Number input device | An input device that provides the value of a scalar quantity. |
65. | An input device that provides one value from a set of alternatives. |
66. | An input device that provides an ordered sequence of coordinates that corresponds to the path of motion of the input device. |
PROCESSES AND METHODS OF OPERATION |
|
67. Image regeneration | The sequence of actions required to regenerate an image from its memory representation |
68. Regeneration | The process of repeatedly reproducing an image on a rendering surface so that the image remains visible |
69. Regeneration frequency | Number of image reproductions performed in 1 second |
70. Echo | Immediate notification to the graphic terminal operator of the current values that may be represented by the input device |
71. Cursor | A movable visible mark used to indicate the position on the render surface at which the next operation will be performed |
72. Tracing | Move a trace symbol |
73. Trace symbol | A symbol on a rendering surface that indicates a position corresponding to coordinate data provided by a position input device |
74. Light pen pointing | Light pen detection of light generated by an output primitive on a render surface |
75. Aiming symbol | A circle or other illuminated shape on the rendering surface used to indicate the area in which the presence of a light pen can currently be detected |
76. Detectable element | An output primitive that can be detected by a pointing device |
77. Rubber thread method | Moves the common ends of a set of straight line segments while leaving the other line segment ends fixed |
78. Drawing | Creating lines by moving the position input device across the rendering surface, leaving a trail behind it, similar to a pencil drawing a line on paper |
79. Towing method | Moving one or more segments along the display surface by shifting them along the path defined by the position input device |
80. Selection | An action aimed at highlighting an image of an output primitive or segment by modifying its visual attributes |
81. Transfer | Offset output primitives by the same vector |
82. Scaling | Enlarge or reduce all or part of the image. |
83. Turn | Rotating output primitives around a given axis |
84. Mirror reflection | Rotate output primitives 180° around some axis in the plane of the rendering surface |
85. Window | A given part of virtual space |
86. Output field | A specified portion of the visualization space |
87. View conversion | A transformation that binds the borders and contents of a window to the borders and contents of an output field |
88. Clipping | Removing output primitives or parts thereof that lie outside the specified area |
89. Shielding | Suppressing output primitives or parts thereof that fall inside a specified region |
90. Scrolling | Moves a window vertically or horizontally so that new data appears inside the output field and old data disappears |
91. Vertical scrolling | Scrolling limited to up and down directions |
92. Zoom | A gradual change in the scale of an image in order to create a visual sensation of movement of the entire visualized group or part of it towards or away from the observer. |
93. Tumbling | Dynamic representation of output primitives rotating around an axis whose orientation continuously changes in space |
94. Pan | Gradual transfer of the image in order to create a visual sensation of movement in the horizontal direction. |
95. Background image | A portion of an image, similar to a standard shape, that remains unchanged under certain sequences of operations |
96. Overlay image | Part of the image that can change during any operation |
97. Standard form | A form used as the main image. |
98. Visualization of a standard form | Visual representation of a typical form |
2. For each concept, one standardized term is established.
The use of terms that are synonyms of a standardized term is not allowed.
2.1. For individual standardized terms, Table 1 provides short forms for reference, which are allowed to be used in cases that exclude the possibility of their different interpretations.
2.2. The given definitions can be changed, if necessary, by introducing derived features into them, revealing the meanings of the terms used in them, indicating the objects included in the scope of the defined concept. Changes must not affect the scope and content of the concepts defined in this standard.
2.3. Table 1 shows the equivalent standardized terms in English for reference.
3. Alphabetical indexes of terms contained in the standard in Russian and English are given in Tables 2 and 3.
4. Standardized terms are in bold font, their short forms are in light font.
ALPHABETICAL INDEX OF TERMS IN RUSSIAN LANGUAGE
table 2
Term | Term number |
Addressability | |
Vector absolute | |
Vector relative | |
Increment value | |
Visualization | |
Visualization of a standard form | |
Selection | |
Image blanking | |
Vector generator | |
Curve generator | |
Character generator | |
Dot character generator | |
Linear character generator | |
Image generation repeated | |
Linear graphics | |
Machine graphics | |
Raster graphics | |
Drum plotter | |
Tablet plotter | |
Raster plotter | |
Electrostatic plotter | |
Vector display | |
Raster display | |
Unit raster | |
Wrapping an image | |
Image | |
Encoded image | |
Image overlay | |
Background image | |
Light button | |
"Wheel" | |
Visualization Team | |
Render Command Absolute | |
Render command relative | |
Absolute coordinate | |
Coordinate incremental | |
World coordinate | |
Normalized coordinate | |
Relative coordinate | |
User coordinate | |
Device coordinate | |
Soft copy | |
Tumbling | |
Cursor | |
invisible line | |
Marker | |
Scaling | |
Image flickering | |
Towing method | |
Rubber thread method | |
Flashing image | |
Window | |
Mirror reflection | |
Clipping | |
Plasma panel | |
Pan | |
Transfer | |
Light pen | |
Pixel | |
Tablet | |
Rendering surface | |
Turn | |
Addressable position | |
Output field | |
Wireframe representation | |
View transformation | |
Input primitive | |
Output primitive | |
Scrolling | |
Scrolling vertical | |
Visualization space | |
Virtual space | |
Space physical | |
Regeneration | |
Drawing | |
Segment | |
Aiming symbol | |
Trace symbol | |
Graphic terminal | |
Zoom | |
Tracing | |
Cathode ray storage tube | |
UVP | |
Plotter node writing | |
Light pen pointing | |
Lever indicator | |
Ball pointer | |
Alternative input device | |
Position input device | |
Position sequence input device | |
Number input device | |
Wheel type device | |
Mouse type device | |
Pointing device | |
Standard form | |
Regeneration frequency | |
Plotter step | |
Shielding | |
Detectable element | |
Echo |
ALPHABETIC INDEX OF TERMS IN ENGLISH
Table 3
Term | Term number |
Absolute command | |
Absolute coordinate | |
Absolute vector | |
Addressability | |
Addressable point | |
Aiming symbol | |
Background image | |
Character generator | |
Choice device | |
Computer graphics | |
Control ball | |
Curve generator | |
Detectable element | |
Device coordinate | |
Device space | |
Directed beam display device | |
Display command | |
Display console | |
Display image | |
Display space | |
Display surface | |
Dot matrix character generator | |
Drum plotter | |
Electrostatic plotter | |
Flatbed plotter | |
Foreground image | |
Form overlay | |
Highlighting | |
Image regeneration | |
Incremental coordinate | |
Incremental vector | |
Increment size | |
Input primitive | |
Light button | |
Light pen detection | |
Line graphics | |
Normalized device coordinate | |
Output primitive | |
Plasma panel | |
Plotter step size | |
Plotting head | |
Raster display device | |
Raster graphics | |
Raster plotter | |
Refresh rate | |
Relative command | |
Relative coordinate | |
Rubber banding | |
Storage tube | |
Stroke character generator | |
Stroke device | |
Tracking symbol | |
User coordinate | |
Vector generator | |
Viewing transformation | |
Virtual space | |
Wire frame representation | |
World coordinate | |
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GOST 27459-87 (St sev 5712-86) date of introduction 07/01/88 this standard establishes terms and definitions of concepts in the field of computer graphics. the terms established by this standard are mandatory for use in all types of documentation and literature that are within the scope of standardization or use the results of this activity. This standard must be applied in conjunction with GOST 15971-84 and GOST 19781-83.
GOST 27459-87
(ST SEV 5712-86)
Date of introduction 01.07.88
This standard establishes terms and definitions of concepts in the field of computer graphics.
The terms established by this standard are mandatory for use in all types of documentation and literature that are within the scope of standardization or that use the results of this activity.
This standard must be used in conjunction with GOST 15971-84 and GOST 19781-83.
1. Standardized terms with definitions are given in table. 1.
2. For each concept, one standardized term is established. The use of terms that are synonyms of a standardized term is not allowed.
2.1. For individual standardized terms in table. 1 provides short forms for reference purposes, which are permitted to be used in cases where there is no possibility of their different interpretation.
2.2. The given definitions can be changed, if necessary, by introducing derived features into them, revealing the meanings of the terms used in them, indicating the objects included in the scope of the defined concept. Changes must not violate the scope and content of the concepts defined in this standard.
2.3. In table 1 foreign language equivalents of standardized terms in English are given for reference.
3. Alphabetical indexes of terms contained in the standard in Russian and their foreign language equivalents are given in Table. 2-3.
4.Standardized terms are in bold font, their short form is in light font.
2-60 (0
Reproduction is prohibited
Term number
Addressability
7
Vector absolute
30
Vector relative
31
Increment value
32
Visualization
24
Visualization of a standard form
98
Selection
80
Image blanking
35
Vector generator
54
Curve generator
53
Character generator
50
Dot character generator
52
Linear character generator
51
Image generation repeated
67
Linear graphics
2
Machine graphics
1
Raster graphics
3
Drum plotter
45
Tablet plotter
46
Raster plotter
47
Electrostatic plotter
GOST 27459-87 (ST SEV 5712-86) P. 13
Continuation of the table. 2
Term
Term number
Vector display
42
Raster display
41
Unit raster
33
Wrapping an image
38
Image
25
Encoded image
9
Image overlay
96
Typical form image
98
Background image
95
Light button
63
"Wheel"
58
Visualization Team
4
Render Command Absolute
5
Render command relative
6
Absolute coordinate
10
Coordinate incremental
12
World coordinate
14
Normalized coordinate
16
Relative coordinate
11
User coordinate
13
Device coordinate
15
Soft copy
26
Tumbling
93
Cursor
71
invisible line
18
Marker
21
Scaling
82
Image flickering
36
Towing method
79
Rubber thread method
77
Flashing image
37
"Mouse"
59
Window
85
Mirror reflection
84
Clipping
88
Plasma panel
44
Pan
94
Transfer
81
Light pen
62
Pixel
29
Tablet
60
Turn
83
Rendering surface
39
Addressable position
8
Output field
86
Wireframe representation
19
View transformation
87
Input primitive
22
Output primitive
P. 14 GOST 27459-87 (ST SEV 5712-86)
Continuation of the table. 2
Term
Term number
Scrolling
90
Scrolling vertical
91
Virtual space
23
Visualization space
28
Space physical
27
Regeneration
68
Drawing
78
Segment
20
Aiming symbol
75
Trace symbol
73
Graphic terminal
40
Tracing
72
Zoom
92
Cathode ray storage tube
43
UVP
55
Plotter node writing
49
Light pen pointing
74
Lever indicator
57
Ball pointer
56
Alternative input device
65
Position sequence input device
66
Position input device
55
Number input device
64
Wheel-type device
58
Mouse-type device
59
Pointing device
61
Standard form
97
Regeneration frequency
69
Plotter step
34
Shielding
89
Detectable element
76
Echo
70
ALPHABETICAL INDEX OF TERMS IN ENGLISH
Table 3
Term
Term number
Absolute command Absolute coordinate Absolute vector Addressability Addressable point Aiming symbol Background image
GOST 27459-87 (ST SEV 5712-86) P. 15
Continuation of the table. 3
Term
Term number
Blanking
36
Character generator
50
Choice device
88
Coded image
9
Computer graphics
1
Control ball
71
Curve generator
53
Detectable element
76
Device coordinate
15
Device space
27
Directed beam display device
24
Display command
4
Display console
40
Display image
25
Display space
28
Display surface
39
Dot matrix character generator
79
Drum plotter
70
Electrostatic plotter
48
Flatbed plotter
37
Foreground image
96
Form flash
98
Form overlay
97
Hidden line
18
Highlighting
80
Image regeneration
67
Increment size
32
Incremental coordinate
12
Incremental vector
78
Input primitive
57
Light button
62
Light pen detection
74
Line graphics
59
Normalized device coordinate
16
Output primitive
P. 16 GOST 27459-87 (ST SEV 5712-86)
Continuation of the table. 3
Term
Term number
Panning
94
Pick device
29
Plasma panel
44
Plotter step size
34
Plotting head
49
Raster display device
41
Raster graphics
3
Raster plotter
47
Raster unit
33
Relative command
6
Relative coordinate
68
Refresh rate
83
Rubber banding
82
Shielding
26
Storage tube
43
Stroke character generator
51
Stroke device
72
Tracking symbol
73
Translating
93
Tumb wheel
58
User coordinate
64
Vector generator
54
Viewing transformation
86
Virtual space
85
Wire frame representation
19
World coordinate
14
Wraparound
GOST 27459-87 (ST SEV 5712-86) P. 17
1.
By Decree of the USSR State Committee on Standards dated October 28, 1987 No. 4052, standard of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance ST CMEA 5712-86 “Information processing systems. Machine graphics. Terms and definitions" was put into effect directly as a state standard of the USSR from 07/01/88
2.
The date of the first inspection is 1993, the inspection frequency is 10 years.
3.
REFERENCE REGULATIVE AND TECHNICAL DOCUMENTS
Designation of the referenced technical document
Term number
GOST 13820-77
43
INTERSTATE STANDARD
Date of introduction 01.07.88
This standard establishes terms and definitions of concepts in the field of computer graphics.
The terms established by this standard are mandatory for use in all types of documentation and literature that are within the scope of standardization or that use the results of this activity.
This standard must be used in conjunction with GOST 15971 and GOST 19781.
1. Standardized terms with definitions are given in table. 1.
2. For each concept, one standardized term is established. The use of synonymous terms of a standardized term is not allowed.
2.1. For individual standardized terms in table. 1 provides short forms for reference purposes, which are permitted to be used in cases where there is no possibility of their different interpretation.
2.2. The given definitions can be changed, if necessary, by introducing derived features into them, revealing the meanings of the terms used in them, indicating the objects included in the scope of the defined concept. Changes must not violate the scope and content of the concepts defined in this standard.
2.3. In table 1 foreign language equivalents of standardized terms in English are given for reference.
3. Alphabetical indexes of terms contained in the standard in Russian and their foreign language equivalents are given in Table. 2 - 3.
4. Standardized terms are in bold font, their short form is in light font.
Table 1
| Definition |
|
| GENERAL CONCEPTS |
|
| 1. Machine graphics Computer graphics | A set of methods and techniques for converting data into a graphical representation or graphical representation into data using a computer |
| 2. Line graphics | An area of computer graphics in which images are generated using rendering commands and coordinate data |
| 3. Raster graphics | An area of computer graphics in which images are generated from an array of pixels arranged in rows and columns |
| 4. Visualization Team | A command that changes the state or controls the action of a graphics device. Note. A graphics device is understood as a device that provides input into a computer and (or) output of graphic data from a computer |
| 5. Absolute Rendering Team Absolute command | Rendering command that uses absolute coordinates |
| 6. Relative render command Relative command | Render command that uses relative coordinates |
| 7. Addressability | Number of addressable positions along each coordinate axis of physical space |
| 8. Addressable position Addressable point | Any point in physical space that can be specified by coordinates |
| PRESENTATION AND STORAGE OF IMAGES |
|
| 9. Encoded Image | Presentation of an image in a form convenient for storage and processing using a computer |
| 10. Absolute coordinate Absolute coordinate | One of the coordinates defining the position of the addressed point relative to the origin of a given coordinate system |
| 11. Relative coordinate Relative coordinate | One of the coordinates defining the position of the addressed point relative to another addressed point |
| 12. Incremental coordinate Incremental coordinate | Relative coordinate in case the previous addressed position is the reference point |
| 13. User coordinate | Coordinate specified by the user and expressed in a coordinate system, independent of devices |
| 14. World coordinate World coordinate | Device-independent Cartesian coordinate used in an application program to specify graphical inputs and outputs |
| 15. Device coordinate Device coordinate | Coordinate specified in a device-specific coordinate system |
| 16. Normalized coordinate Normalized device coordinate | A coordinate specified in an intermediate, device-independent coordinate system and normalized relative to some range, usually from 0 to 1. Note. The image, expressed in normalized coordinates, is located in the same relative positions when rendered to any device |
| 17. Output primitive Output primitive | A basic graphic element that can be used to construct an image. Note. Output primitives can be, for example, a point, a line segment, a sequence of characters |
| 18. invisible line | A line segment on the projection of a three-dimensional object that is missing from the image because it is covered by the surface of the same or another object |
| 19. Wireframe view Wire frame representation | A rendering mode that shows the edges of a 3D object regardless of whether they are visible or not |
| 20. Segment | A collection of output primitives that can be manipulated as a single unit. Note. A segment can consist of several individual points, line segments, or other output primitives |
| 21. Marker | A symbol of a given type that is used to indicate a specific position on the rendering surface |
| 22. Input primitive | A collection of data received from input devices. Note. Input devices can be: keyboard, alternative input device, position input device, pointing device, number input device or position array input device |
| 23. Virtual space | A space in which the coordinates of output primitives are independent of devices |
| VISUALIZATION OF IMAGES |
|
| 24. Visualization | Visual representation of data |
| 25. Image | A set of output primitives and (or) segments that can be simultaneously displayed on the visualization surface |
| 26. Soft copy | Unstorable image of graphic data |
| 27. Physical space in | The space defined by the full set of addressable positions of the graphics device |
| 28. Visualization space | The portion of physical space corresponding to the area available for displaying images |
| 29. Pixel | The smallest element of a rendering surface that can be independently assigned color, intensity, and other image characteristics |
| 30. Absolute vector | A vector whose starting and ending points are specified in absolute coordinates |
| 31. Relative vector Incremental vector | A vector whose end point is specified as an offset from its starting point |
| 32. Increment value | Distance between adjacent addressable positions on the rendering surface |
| 33. Raster unit | A unit defined by the distance between the centers of adjacent pixels |
| 34. Plotter step Plotter step size | Increment value on the plotter |
| 35. Image blanking | Suppress rendering of one or more output primitives or segments |
| 36. Image flickering | Intentional periodic change in the intensity of one or more output primitives or segments |
| 37. Flashing image | Unwanted pulsations in the image on the cathode ray tube screen. Note. Flickering occurs when the refresh rate is too low relative to the characteristics of the screen's phosphor coating |
| 38. Wrapping an image | An effect in which part of the image that extends beyond one of the boundaries of the visualization space appears at the opposite boundary of this space |
| FUNCTIONAL DEVICES |
|
| 39. Rendering surface | The physical environment of the graphics device on which images are rendered Note. The visualization surface can be a cathode ray tube screen, paper in a plotter |
| 40. Graphic terminal | A terminal that includes at least one rendering surface and may include one or more input devices |
| 41. Raster display Raster display device | A display in which an image is generated using raster graphics techniques |
| 42. Vector display Directed beam display device | A display in which output primitives can be generated in any order specified by the program |
| 43. Memory cathode ray tube | According to GOST 13820 |
| 44. Plasma panel | Part of a display that consists of a grid of electrodes in a flat panel filled with gas. Note. The image can exist for a long time without regeneration |
| 45. Drum plotter | A plotter that displays an image on a rendering surface mounted on a rotating drum |
| 46. Tablet plotter | A plotter that displays an image on a flat storage medium |
| 47. Raster plotter | A plotter that generates an image on a rendering surface using line-by-line input |
| 48. Electrostatic plotter Electrostatic plotter | A raster plotter in which the coloring matter is electrostatically fixed to the paper using a series of electrodes |
| 49. Plotter writing unit | The part of the plotter that is used to make a mark on the rendering surface |
| 50. Character generator Character generator | A functional device that, in order to represent characters, converts their encoded representation into a graphical one |
| 51. Line character generator Stroke character generator | A character generator that generates character images made up of line segments |
| 52. Dot character generator | A symbol generator that generates symbol images made up of dots |
| 53. Curve generator | A functional device that converts a coded representation of a curve into a graphical one |
| 54. Vector generator Vector generator | A functional device that generates directed straight line segments |
| 55. UVP position input device | Input device providing position coordinates |
| 56. Ball pointer | A ball rotating about its center, used as a position input device |
| 57. Lever indicator | A lever that has at least two degrees of freedom, used as a position input device |
| 58. Wheel type device "Wheel" | A wheel rotating around its axis representing the value of a scalar quantity. Note. A pair of wheels can be used as a position input device |
| 59. Mouse type device | A position input device that is actuated by movement across a surface. Note. To control a mouse-type device, use a ball or a pair of wheels |
| 60. Tablet | A position input device, which is a special surface with a mechanism that allows you to specify the coordinates of its location |
| 61. Pointing device | An input device that is used to specify a specific output primitive or segment |
| 62. Light pen | A light-sensitive pointing device that is used by pointing it at an imaging surface |
| 63. Light button | Output primitives used to emulate a function key using a pointing device |
| 64. Number input device | An input device that provides the value of a scalar quantity. Note. Such devices include a “wheel” type device, a potentiometer |
| An input device that provides one value from a set of alternatives. Note. Such a device could be a functional keyboard |
|
| An input device that provides an ordered sequence of coordinates that corresponds to the path of motion of the input device. Note. The position input device reads data at a constant rate |
|
| PROCESSES AND METHODS OF OPERATION |
|
| 67. Image regeneration Image regeneration | The sequence of actions required to regenerate an image from its memory representation |
| 68. Regeneration | The process of repeatedly reproducing an image on a rendering surface so that the image remains visible |
| 69. Regeneration frequency | Number of image reproductions performed in 1 second |
| 70. Echo | Immediate notification to the graphic terminal operator of the current values that may be represented by the input device |
| 71. Cursor | A movable visible mark used to indicate the position on the render surface at which the next operation will be performed |
| 72. Tracing | Move a trace symbol |
| 73. Trace symbol | A symbol on a rendering surface that indicates a position corresponding to coordinate data provided by a position input device |
| 74. Light pen pointing Light pen detection | Light pen detection of light generated by an output primitive on a render surface |
| 75. Aiming symbol | A circle or other illuminated shape on the rendering surface used to indicate the area in which the presence of a light pen can currently be detected |
| 76. Detectable element Detectable element | An output primitive that can be detected by a pointing device |
| 77. Rubber thread method | Moves the common ends of a set of straight line segments while leaving the other line segment ends fixed |
| 78. Drawing | Creating lines by moving the position input device across the rendering surface, leaving a trail behind it, similar to a pencil drawing a line on paper |
| 79. Towing method | Moving one or more segments along the display surface by shifting them along the path defined by the position input device |
| 80. Selection | An action aimed at highlighting an image of an output primitive or segment by modifying its visual attributes |
| 81. Transfer | Offset output primitives by the same vector |
| 82. Scaling | Enlarge or reduce all or part of the image. Note. Scaling can be carried out optionally with the same factor in all directions |
| 83. Turn | Rotating output primitives around a given axis |
| 84. Mirror reflection | Rotating output primitives by 180 around some axis in the plane of the rendering surface |
| 85. Window | A given part of virtual space |
| 86. Output field | A specified portion of the visualization space |
| 87. View conversion Viewing transformation | A transformation that binds the borders and contents of a window to the borders and contents of an output field |
| 88. Clipping | Removing output primitives or parts thereof that lie outside the specified area |
| 89. Shielding | Suppression of output primitives or parts of them falling inside a specified region |
| 90. Scrolling | Moves a window vertically or horizontally so that new data appears inside the output field and old data disappears |
| 91. Vertical scrolling | Scrolling limited to up and down directions |
| 92. Zoom | A gradual change in the scale of an image in order to create a visual sensation of movement of the entire visualized group or part of it towards or away from the observer. Note. Scaling factors should be the same in all directions |
| 93. Tumbling | Dynamic representation of output primitives rotating around an axis whose orientation continuously changes in space |
| 94. Pan | Gradual transfer of the image in order to create a visual sensation of movement in the horizontal direction. Note. Panning can be limited to the output field |
| 95. Background image Background image | A portion of an image, similar to a standard shape, that remains unchanged under certain sequences of operations |
| 96. Overlay image Foreground image | Part of the image that can change during any operation |
| 97. Standard form | A form used as the main image. Note. Forms include a sheet, grid or map |
| 98. Visualization of a standard form | Visual representation of a typical form |
ALPHABETICAL INDEX OF TERMS IN RUSSIAN LANGUAGE
table 2
| Term number |
|
| Addressability | |
| Vector absolute | |
| Vector relative | |
| Increment value | |
| Visualizations | |
| Visualization of a standard form | |
| Selection | |
| Image blanking | |
| Vector generator | |
| Curve generator | |
| Character generator | |
| Dot character generator | |
| Linear character generator | |
| Image generation repeated | |
| Linear graphics | |
| Machine graphics | |
| Raster graphics | |
| Drum plotter | |
| Tablet plotter | |
| Raster plotter | |
| Electrostatic plotter | |
| Vector display | |
| Raster display | |
| Unit raster | |
| Wrapping an image | |
| Image | |
| Encoded image | |
| Image overlay | |
| Typical form image | |
| Background image | |
| Light button | |
| "Wheel" | |
| Visualization Team | |
| Render Command Absolute | |
| Render command relative | |
| Absolute coordinate | |
| Coordinate incremental | |
| World coordinate | |
| Normalized coordinate | |
| Relative coordinate | |
| User coordinate | |
| Device coordinate | |
| Soft copy | |
| Tumbling | |
| Cursor | |
| invisible line | |
| Marker | |
| Scaling | |
| Image flickering | |
| Towing method | |
| Rubber thread method | |
| Flashing image | |
| Window | |
| Mirror reflection | |
| Clipping | |
| Plasma panel | |
| Pan | |
| Transfer | |
| Light pen | |
| Pixel | |
| Tablet | |
| Turn | |
| Rendering surface | |
| Addressable position | |
| Output field | |
| Wireframe representation | |
| View transformation | |
| Input primitive | |
| Output primitive | |
| Scrolling | |
| Scrolling vertical | |
| Virtual space | |
| Visualization space | |
| Space physical | |
| Regeneration | |
| Drawing | |
| Segment | |
| Aiming symbol | |
| Trace symbol | |
| Graphic terminal | |
| Tracing | |
| Zoom | |
| Cathode ray storage tube | |
| Plotter node writing | |
| Light pen pointing | |
| Lever indicator | |
| Ball pointer | |
| Alternative input device | |
| Position sequence input device | |
| Position input device | |
| Number input device | |
| Wheel type device | |
| Mouse type device | |
| Pointing device | |
| Standard form | |
| Regeneration frequency | |
| Plotter step | |
| Shielding | |
| Detectable element | |
ALPHABETICAL INDEX OF TERMS IN ENGLISH
Table 3
| Term number |
|
| Absolute command | |
| Absolute coordinate | |
| Addressable point | |
| Background image | |
| Character generator | |
| Computer graphics | |
| Detectable element | |
| Device coordinate | |
| Directed beam display device | |
| Dot matrix character generator | |
| Electrostatic plotter | |
| Foreground image | |
| Image regeneration | |
| Incremental coordinate | |
| Incremental vector | |
| Light pen detection | |
| Normalized device coordinate | |
| Output primitive | |
| Plotter step size | |
| Raster display device | |
| Relative command | |
| Relative coordinate | |
| Stroke character generator | |
| Vector generator | |
| Viewing transformation | |
| Wire frame representation | |
| World coordinate | |
INFORMATION DATA
1 By Decree of the USSR State Committee on Standards dated October 28, 1987 No. 4052, standard of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance ST CMEA 5712-86 “Information processing systems. Machine graphics. Terms and Definitions" was put into effect directly as a state standard of the USSR from 07/01/88
2. INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME
3. REFERENCE REGULATIVE AND TECHNICAL DOCUMENTS
4. Reissue
