How to install clean OS X Mavericks on a Mac running a newer version of OS X (macOS). How to install Mac OS X on a regular PC

There are rumors that installing MacOS on a regular PC is "difficult and uneasy".
In fact, it all depends on luck :) On luck and on hardware.
In my case, installing MacOS X was a little more difficult than installing Windows 7.

There are a lot of installation paths. I will describe the simplest and most straightforward one. Complex options are not for me. If something doesn’t work out, it doesn’t mean that you can’t install MacOS. Perhaps it is possible, but in more complicated ways. For laptops, you can look for ready-made images of boot disks (modified by craftsmen).

The latest line of Macs is just a regular PC. An ordinary PC with a slightly modified bios. And MacOS only has drivers for a limited set of devices that come with Macs.

There is no need to reflash the bios (although this is one of the possible ways). I now have MacOS X, Win XP, Win 7 running on one hardware. But I’ll have to look for the firewood (written by craftsmen, even in the source code).

Briefly: "Download a special boot disk, reboot from it, insert the original MacOS X DVD, install it, update it, search for and install drivers. That's it."

0. Setting up bios

Optional, but desirable part.

1. Set the SATA controller to AHCI mode (I have always had it as AHCI).
2. Turn ACPI on (some people advise, on the contrary, turn it off).
3. Switch HPET (timer) to 64-bit mode (I didn’t find one like that).
4. Turn off all processor cores except one (I haven’t found one like this).
5. Turn off SpeedStep.

Everything works for me regardless of the ACPI and SpeedStep settings.

1. Is it worth visiting at all?

Burn .iso to CD-RW. We boot from it, if a disk selection menu appears - hurray, your PC is now almost a Mac. If it doesn’t work, try another .iso. I downloaded the very first one, for regular hardware: empireEFIv1085.iso.

If all .isos do not work, you can try older versions of EmpireEFI. If nothing suits you, then the simple option is not for you. There are a lot of complicated installation options left ( Google, forum and wiki to help), or buy Mac-compatible hardware (list), or buy a PC with MacOS already configured and installed (there are companies that do this), or find those who will supply MacOS, or still buy a real Mac ( having overpaid twice).

2. You need a regular MacOS X installation DVD

Now your PC is almost a Mac. You can insert the MacOS X boot DVD and install it.
For iPhone SDK 4.0, you need version 10.6 or older. I installed 10.6.3, auto update updated it to 10.6.4.

Where can I get such a disk?
1. From a friend of a poppy grower.
2. Buy in a store.
3. Download the image from the Internet and burn it to DVD-R DL (double layer) which is 8Gb.
4. Download the image from the Internet and make a bootable USB flash drive.

If you have a familiar Mac driver with a bootable DVD, this is the best way. It will help you install and configure MacOS.

If the “hi-tech crime department” often comes to visit you, buy the official disc. Installing MacOS on a PC violates the Apple license, but this license is not valid in the Russian Federation, because violates the laws of the Russian Federation (specifically, Article 1280 of the Civil Code). This license also violates laws and is not valid in Europe, but not in the USA.

You can download the image, for example, from here.
It is in Mac .dmg format.
This format for Windows can write (and convert to .iso): PowerISO, UltraISO.
You can simply convert to .iso using dmg2img.

You need to write to a two-layer DVD-R DL disc, at the minimum possible speed and with a recording check. If the installer cannot read anything from the disk, he will write to you that you can throw the disk out the window.

To make a bootable USB flash drive, you need an already installed MacOS (even one running under VMWare will do) and a flash drive with a size of 8Gb or larger.

3. Where will we put it?

I don’t know how to install MacOS on one physical disk without erasing the already installed Windows. Paragon Partition Manager can create MacOS partitions on the same disk with Windows; the MacOS installer even sees this partition, but refuses to install it on it. He wants a GUID for the entire disk, but refuses to install it on the MBR.

But you can install MacOS, and then Windows (using BootCamp).
I did a simple thing - I bought a new disk specifically for MacOS.

4. Installation

We boot from the EmpireEFI CD, when the disk selection menu appears, remove the CD and insert the MacOS DVD (or bootable USB flash drive), select the disk from which the installation will take place. That's all.
For advanced installation diagnostics: in the disk selection menu, press Tab (which will switch to text mode), select the disk (up/down arrows) and type "-v".

If you see a language selection menu, then you're lucky the second time :)

If the USB keyboard or mouse does not work, then try removing and inserting them until they work. This only happened to me once, all other times everything worked without problems.

Switch languages: Win+Space.

The installation is no different from installing on a Mac.

When prompted to select a disk where to install, go to the menu (which is at the top): Utilities -> Disk Utility, select the disk, go to the Erase tab, set Format as Mac OS Extended (Journaled), and click on Erase. After formatting, we exit the utility and see that a new disk has appeared suitable for installation.

MacOS will take up 7 GB of disk space.

5. After installation

After installation, my network card and Internet immediately started working. Updating the system to 10.6.4 via the Internet was successful (Apple -> Software Update), it downloaded more than a gigabyte. If the driver for the network card does not work, you can always configure it later.

I disabled all sleep modes (System Preferences -> Energy Saver). I have them disabled in Windows, and they wrote on the forums that there could be problems: either it won’t fall asleep, or it won’t wake up. I didn’t even try it myself. Restart and Shut Down - work.

MacOS will not boot on its own. To boot, you must first boot from the EmpireEFI CD and select the drive where you installed MacOS. To boot ourselves, we need myHack or Chameleon, both of which are on the EmpireEFI (Empire EFI/Post-Installation) CD. First, install myHack; if MacOS will not load, install Chameleon. And don’t forget to set the first boot disk with MacOS in bios.

If MacOS does not boot (wrong bootloader or driver does not fit), you can always boot from the EmpireEFI CD.

I have a new myHack, downloaded from the Internet, but it doesn’t work. Chameleon - got up, the old myHack with CD Empire - also got up, stopped on it, because... it boots MacOS without any extra clicks.

MyHack and Chameleon prompt you to select a boot disk at startup - this way you can boot into Windows (if you have one). You can also select the boot disk when you start the computer using Shift+F8 (my bios can do this).

6. Drivers

Drivers in MacOS have the extension .kext
The main (system) drivers are here: /System/Library/Extensions/
Drivers for PC: /Extra/Extensions/

A basic set of drivers is on the EmpireEFI CD: /EmpireEFI/Extra/Preboot.dmg/Extra/Exten sions/
Copy all these .kext to /Extra/Extensions/

Information about hardware as MacOS sees it: Apple -> About This Mac -> More Info.

If the network card does not work, you can search for drivers under Windows. MacOS can read NTFS and FAT drives. My MacOS sees all WinXP and Win7 disks in read-only mode. You can also download the drivers onto a flash drive.

Place the drivers in /Extra/Extensions. Sometimes you need to put the driver in /System/Library/Extensions, replacing the system one (this is written in the driver description). Sometimes you need to erase the system driver.

After changes in drivers, you need to update the driver cache.
This is easy to do using pfix. We launch it, it will ask for the password for the system and the number of the disk where the system is located. It works for a long time, about 15 minutes. If the system has an empty password, pfix does not understand this; it needs at least a 1-letter password (change the password here: System Preferences -> Accounts).

The driver for NVidia installed right away, I tried the first one I came across: NVEnabler 64.kext
After updating the driver cache and rebooting, the mode changed from 1024x768 to 1920x1080 and new modes appeared in System Preferences -> Displays.

I didn't find a driver for my mother. Everything worked as is, except for the sound. I read on the forums that my mother needs a universal sound driver, VoodooHDA.kext. I tried different drivers: either there was no sound, then volume did not work, then volume worked, but there was noise at maximum. This driver worked with a bang when the system AppleHDA.kext was erased.

Parallel installation of Mac OS and Windows may be required in various cases. Two users on one computer, Windows is needed to run certain programs and games with maximum performance, etc.

Methods of parallel use:

1. Installing operating systems on different hard drives. In this case, we will make the selection at boot by pressing the F12 key at boot and selecting the specific hard drive on which Mac OS X or Windows is installed.
2. Installing and selecting the operating system using the bootloader. We will look at the example of using the Clover bootloader, but if you wish, you can use any bootloader for Hackintosh that is more familiar and convenient to you.
3. Installing Windows on a Parallels Desktop virtual machine. In this case, you get Windows as a program running on Mac OS X. Performance in this case is slightly reduced, since two systems are running simultaneously. you can read our article.

Installing operating systems on different hard drives

The simplest, but at the same time effective way of combining two systems. When used this way, all PC settings are taken by Windows directly from Bios, which does not lead to even a minimal decrease in performance.

The method is very easy to implement and does not require special skills. The boot system is selected through the Boot Menu, which can be called up by pressing the F12 key when booting the PC. By choosing a specific hard drive, we thereby determine which operating system we will work on.

Installing Mac OS X and Windows on different partitions of the same hard drive

When using this method, the operating system is selected using the bootloader window. In this article we will look at the example of a bootloader Clover.

You can use any other Mac OS Hackintosh bootloader.

In this method, the installation sequence is very important:

1. Installing Mac OS X on PC. If you have not done this yet, you can read the instructions in our articles(,). This is important because in a Windows environment we will not be able to format the partition in Mac OS Extended (Journaled), and this is the most important condition for installing Mac OS X.
2. Installing the Clover bootloader on your hard drive. You can find out how this is done in the articles on installing OS X listed above. Sometimes, for security reasons, Clover is not installed on a hard drive, but is launched from a flash drive, which in this case acts as a key to OS X. Important! So that the EFI partition that is on the flash drive is fully configured to boot Mac OS on your PC, since in many cases the installation settings and boot settings have differences.
3. Windows installation.

Preparing to install Windows

Formatting a partition

In a running Mac OS X system, format the disk partition that is intended for Windows in MS-DOS (FAT) using disk utility. This operation is required so that when installing Windows, the partition for installation is detected. The Mac OS Extended (journaled) format used by Apple is not recognized by Windows and the partitions will not be detected.

BIOS setup

If, when installing OS X, you had to disable virtualization settings in the BIOS, you must enable them. Without enabling these parameters, the installation will fail in 90% of cases.

By the way, these BIOS settings are disabled only when installing Mac OS; after installation, you can safely enable them; they will not affect the system startup in any way.

Setting up config.plist

It is very important that the timeout is specified in config.plist before starting the system. Otherwise, you will not have the choice and the system specified in it or the last loaded system (the default setting in Clover) will start automatically.

To do this, open config.plist in CloverConfigurator and change the parameter to 5-20 seconds (if you want the last running system to start automatically, if there is no choice). The value “-1” is so that the bootloader does not start the system automatically, but waits for our choice.

Then we save.

After restarting the computer with connected, we will see an additional icon for installing views in the Clover window.

After starting the installation, we format the FAT partition we selected in advance and format it with the Windows utility to NTFS, after which the process is not much different from a regular installation.

Now our Hackintosh is completely ready to install a second system, in our case Windows.

Installing Windows is similar to installing Mac OS.

Valery Kosikhin, _3dnews.ru

As you know, at the moment, Apple computers consist of the same components as PCs. This means that it is also possible to install Mac OS on the latter. How to do this - read in this news.

Installing Mac OS X on PC

Introduction

“Hackintosh” is an ironic name for Mac OS X, installed not on an Apple computer, but on a regular PC. This phenomenon became possible when the Cupertino company began migrating its machines from the PowerPC platform to x86 in 2005, and Macs began to be equipped with the same processors and Intel chipsets that are used in personal computers. Since its initial modest victories, the so-called OSx86 project has grown from a hobby of a few enthusiasts into a mass movement with a growing user base. Today, when Apple officially released a new version of its operating system, Lion, it’s time to tell everyone who doesn’t have a Mac, but has an interest in Mac OS X and a desire to experiment, about Hackintosh.

Help from excellent specialists and enthusiasts on the Mac OS operating system can be obtained if desired at http://www.cyberforum.ru/mac-os/.

The first questions a person asks when he sees a Mac operating system on a PC: “Is it difficult to install?” and “Is everything working fine?” The answer to both is no. Installation has now been simplified to the extreme, so you can play with Mac OS X on almost any modern computer, but the full functionality is not available to everyone - for a fair share of users, hardware graphics acceleration will either not work, or the network, sound, or something else will fail.
Hackintoshes also have big problems with sleep mode. All these difficulties can be overcome, but you will probably have to spend a few sleepless nights. In general, the situation completely copies what happened with desktop Linux distributions a few years ago. However, this is a very flattering comparison both for the hacker community and for Apple itself: given that no one has ever prepared Mac OS X to work with non-native hardware, everything could have been much worse. Yes, some hardware will never run under Mac OS, while others will require dancing with a tambourine to do so. But at the same time, a huge fleet of components either works out of the box or starts after simple manipulations. And software for Mac OS in all cases installs and works exactly the same as on a real Mac. It turns out that he’s not so scary, this Hackintosh.

If there is no difference, then why pay more? Or is there?

So, if a small crime doesn’t bother you, and technical difficulties only cause healthy excitement, let’s try installing Mac OS X on a PC together. In this article we will describe two simple ways to install the previous, but still popular version of the OS, Snow Leopard (10.6), and one method for the new one, Lion (10.7). There is no point in installing Leopard (10.5), much less Tiger (10.4). If you like the result, then these instructions will become the starting point for mastering Hackintosh yourself. The last section provides links to popular OSx86 community resources where you can learn from other users' experiences and find solutions to specific problems.

Preparing Hackintosh

Actually, why can’t Mac OS X just work on a PC and how to overcome these obstacles? Reason number one is that in Macs, not the good old BIOS, but EFI is used as a layer between the OS and hardware firmware, and in order for Mac OS to start, EFI is emulated at the level of a special “hacker” bootloader (by the way , we owe this achievement to a Russian hacker under the nickname Netkas). The most popular and rapidly developing loader today is Chameleon and its derivatives, for example Chimera.

The second reason: Mac OS X has a kext (from kernel extension, remember this term) called Dont Steal Mac OS X. It is required to decrypt the applications that make up what looks like an operating system to the user (Dock, Finder, loginwindow, SystemUIServer and others), based on keys from the SMC chip, which is only available on real Macs. Well, if “there are no legs, then there are no cartoons.” The FakeSMC kext comes to the rescue, which successfully emulates an SMC Device, for which, again, thanks to Netkas. A special bootloader and FakeSMC.kext are all that is needed to boot Mac OS X, if the hardware of the computer is not very different from real Macs.

And this is precisely the third reason. There are no drivers for unsupported hardware under Mac OS X, or there are built-in drivers, but the system cannot use them because it does not recognize hardware with unfamiliar identifiers.

The hardware requirements for Hackintoshes are the same - you need a processor that supports SSE2 instructions, best of all - Intel Core 2 Duo and older. AMD users will have to replace the OS kernel with a “hacked” version, and as a result, there will be problems updating the system from the Apple server. The same applies to netbooks on the Atom platform. Support for AHCI mode on the part of the SATA controller is highly desirable. To install Mac OS X Lion you need 2 GB of RAM, for Snow Leopard one is enough. The first rule for selecting hardware: the more the computer resembles real Macs, the fewer problems. Second rule: the newest and most advanced devices may not work no matter how hard you try, because... hardware support depends primarily on the Mac OS itself (heavy hardware drivers are not written for Hackintosh), and Apple is in no hurry. The site wiki.osx86project.org, which contains HLC (Hardware Compatibility Lists) for different versions of Mac OS X, will help you assess the chances of success.

For installation, it is best to use a separate drive with a SATA interface, and, out of harm’s way, turn off the Windows drive. If you are not afraid to conduct experiments on one HDD with a working operating system, then you will have to create a new partition on it using some disk utility (10 GB is enough for pure Mac OS X). Just keep in mind that during the installation process, the Hackintosh bootloader will be written to the HDD, and then you will only be able to get into Windows through it. The existing data is not at risk, but a backup won't hurt either. The disk must be connected to the south bridge port of the motherboard; the SATA controller in the BIOS must be set to AHCI mode. It is recommended to remove overclocking, remove all expansion cards except the graphics adapter in the top PCI-E slot, disconnect peripherals other than the keyboard and mouse, and reduce the RAM volume to 4 GB (if more is installed). If the installation with minimal functionality is successful, then all this can be returned step by step. Too many conditions? Then you can practice in a virtual machine. There are even ready-made images for various hypervisors on the Internet, although using them will not bring you experience in creating Hackintosh.

We warn readers: although Hackintosh is a completely harmless pastime that will not break your computer and is unlikely to corrupt any data, all manipulations described in the article are done at your own peril and risk. In addition, you need to be familiar with the computer and know what the bootloader, OS kernel and hard drive partitioning scheme are.

Installing Snow Leopard from iATKOS 10.6.3 v2

The simplest and most universal option is to install Mac OS X with a specially modified distribution. Since the release of Snow Leopard, such hacker builds have given way to a more elegant solution - installation from a copy of a proprietary disk using a separate bootable CD, and this is described below. But users of CPUs from AMD or Intel Atom cannot do without assembly, because... the original Mac OS X kernel (which our English-speaking friends call the vanilla kernel) only supports Intel processors with Core architecture and older, and the build allows you to immediately select the “patched” version during the installation process. And after you have entered the world of Hackintosh through assembly and gained some knowledge, you can create a clean installation, the components of which you have complete control over.

iATKOS 10.6.3 v2 is one of the latest builds released, and despite the rather old version of the OS (Snow Leopard has already been updated to 10.6.8), all the “hacker” software on it is quite modern. After downloading the image (we won’t tell you where from), write it to a disc. Boot from the iATKOS disk and wait until the “hacker” bootloader works and the OS starts.

This process takes several minutes, but if it suddenly takes longer than reasonable limits or displays an error message, it means that something went wrong.

In this case, you need to boot from the DVD again, but on the bootloader screen with the green chameleon, press F8, highlight the optical drive, enter “-x” from the keyboard and press Enter. This is the so-called safe mode, but if you have no luck with it, then you need to boot with the “-v” argument, which will allow you to observe the boot log. At the moment where the process is stuck or the phrase Kernel Panic appears, you can take a photo of the screen and then, in a calm environment, try to understand what is happening, using thematic sites, Google and advice from experienced “hackers”.

The appearance of a window with a choice of language indicates that the download was successful and your system is able to run Mac OS X. We recommend, if possible, choosing the Shakespeare language, since most instructions and problem analyzes on the Internet are written in it.

Scroll through the pages of the installer until the disk selection window appears.

Open the Utilities section in the menu and launch Disk Utility. If you have given a blank disk to Hackintosh, then using this program you need to “partition” it (the Partition tab). To install on a partition adjacent to Windows, the partition is simply formatted in the HFS+ file system (Erase tab). For reliability, it is better to choose the HFS+ Journaled option, and most users will not need the Case Sensitive option.

Once the HDD is prepared for installation, you can close Disk Utility and specify the partition in the installer window. And now the important point is the choice of drivers and settings that allow Mac OS X to fully work on your hardware. The list is opened by the Customize button. All users are advised to look into the Bootloader thread and select the Chameleon v2 RC5 option instead of the default option. Owners of AMD and Intel Atom processors must select a modified kernel in the Patches, Modified Kernels section.

You should not select any “drivers” for the graphics adapter in the Drivers, VGA section. It is better to check the box next to the Graphics Enabler option in the Bootloader Options section - in this case, the bootloader itself will try to activate hardware acceleration. Be that as it may, the OS almost always boots in 2D mode, and if the Graphics Enabler method does not work, then you can try your luck with separate “drivers”. By the way, these are not drivers, but only injectors that allow drivers built into Mac OS X to work with unfamiliar video cards, which is why they are put in quotes.

Select the appropriate package for your network card in the Drivers, Network section - there is a good collection there. For a laptop, the contents of the Drivers, Laptop Hardware section will be useful. You can take some driver for CPU power-saving functions from the Drivers, Main Hardware, CPU Power Management section. The “native” kernel extension called AppleIntelCPUPowerManagement.kext, which carries this function, is prudently blocked in the assembly, because it is only suitable for Intel processors, and even then not for all, and in case of errors it does not allow the system to boot.

Do not check Sleep Enabler in the Patches section - if you need sleep mode, then after updating the OS this extension will still have to be replaced.

The Language Translations section came to iATKOS from the official distribution and contains OS interface localization packages, including Russian.

It is advisable to write down a list of the options that you have chosen, in case the newly installed OS does not start and you have to look for the culprit. Once your selection is made, you can click OK and then Install. Go!

At the end of the installation, the computer will reboot. You can remove the iATKOS disk and boot from the hard drive that we've loaded Mac OS X onto. While the Chameleon boot loader is counting down the seconds until the OS starts by default, you can press any key and see a list of partitions that can boot from. If at first there was already Windows on the hard drive, then it starts from a service partition called System Reserved, or directly from its root partition, if the service partition is missing for some reason.

But we can't wait to see Mac OS, right? In this case, we just wait, and if the options were selected correctly during installation, a registration window will appear on the screen, and if the Graphics Enabler option worked, a welcome video will also be shown.

What to do if the operating system gets stuck at the loading stage or displays an error message? The first tip in this case is to boot up and view the log. To do this, you need to stop the bootloader while it counts down the time until the OS starts, select the partition with it, enter the “-v” argument and press Enter. Based on the messages on the screen, you can find the component causing the failure. Then you can try to boot into safe mode with the “-x” argument, and if this is successful, then it is likely that the problem is some kind of kext - a driver or device injector that you checked in the Customize menu of the installation disk, and it needs to be replaced. How to work with kexts is described in a special section of the article.

Installing Snow Leopard from a proprietary distribution

A “Hackintosh” can also be created using the “native” image of Snow Leopard, which you can even buy to ease your conscience. At the same time, all the software that makes Mac OS X compatible with PC is recorded on a separate disk. But this method is only suitable for owners of Intel CPUs, because both the distribution disk and the copy of the OS that will be installed from it use the original kernel without AMD support. In addition, the unmodified Snow Leopard installer will not allow you to roll the system onto a hard drive partitioned using MBR, and only supports the GUID partitioning scheme. Therefore, the disk with the MBR will have to be repartitioned.

If Windows is already installed there and you are not ready to say goodbye to the most popular operating system forever, then there is a non-obvious solution: using Disk Utility, first partition the disk with a GUID, create its own partition for “windows” and install Windows, and then on the second partition - Snow Leopard. The key word here is Disk Utility. This program, which, as you already know, also runs from the Mac OS X installation disk, creates a hybrid partition with synchronized GUID and MBR. And the MBR is required to install Windows.

The creator of the iBoot disk, which we will use for a “clean” installation, also warns that for Mac OS X you need to allocate a partition with a minimum size of 1 TB. Those interested can familiarize themselves with the original manual on the page. However, when preparing this article, the OS installed and launched perfectly from a 20 GB hard drive.

So, first we need an iBoot boot disk image and a MultiBeast driver package - the latest versions of both are posted on the tonymacx86 website (registration is required to download). We burn the iBoot ISO image to a disc and boot from it. When a window appears asking you to select a partition to boot, you need to replace iBoot in the drive with the “native” distribution with Mac OS X, press F5, highlight the DVD and press Enter.

The further procedure is completely similar to what is written about assembling iATKOS, only in the Customize menu there are no “left-handed” drivers, but only standard Snow Leopard packages - interface localizations, fonts, etc.

But once the installation is complete, you won’t be able to boot directly from the hard drive, because... the copy of the OS is pristine and no different from what is on real Macs. Therefore, you need to boot from the iBoot disk again and select the partition with Snow Leopad.

If an error occurs, you already know what to do: boot with the “-v” argument and run diagnostics, then try to start the OS in safe mode with the “-x” argument. The tonymacx86 site also recommends the PCIRootUID=1 argument, which can be combined with "-x" and "-v".

If Mac OS X showed a registration window, then it’s time to accustom it to the PC. You need to launch MultiBeast from the archive that we downloaded in advance, and scroll through all the installer pages right down to the component selection menu. Here, all users must check the EasyBeast Install item - which specifies the installation of a minimum set of kexts. To enable support for specific hardware, you should look at the individual branches of the list and select the necessary extensions. At the end of the procedure, the computer will reboot and you can safely boot from the HDD.

In addition to kexts, the Chimera bootloader will be installed on the disk, and if Windows was previously installed, it is loaded by selecting the appropriate partition.

Installing Lion

Here's the tastiest thing - the latest version of Mac OS X. So far only Intel users can appreciate it. At the time of writing, Apple has not yet released the source code for the Lion kernel, which means there are no modified kernels. But most kexts written for Snow Leopard work with Lion.

To install Lion, we will need a working Snow Leopard version no lower than 10.6.6, a free partition on a 5 GB hard drive to accommodate the installer files, the Lion distribution (available for $29.99 in the App Store and you know where for free), xMove utility and the already familiar MultiBeast package.

The Install Mac OS X Lion program is launched directly from the running operating system, and as the partition for installation you need to select exactly the one from which Snow Leopard is running, which will not affect the OS in any way. Once the files are copied, you can agree to reboot and log back into Snow Leopard.

Now it's up to the xMove utility. Having launched it, you need to mark the empty partition that we prepared in advance for Lion, and xMove will transfer the files unpacked by the Install Mac OS X Lion program there. If Snow Leopard is installed using the iBoot + MultiBeast method, then just boot from the hard drive and select the partition with “Lion” in the Chimera bootloader menu. If iATKOS or another solution was used for installation, but the bootloader and kexts are also not the latest, then you will have to boot from the iBoot disk. The further procedure completely repeats the process of installing Snow Leopard from a proprietary distribution. Moreover, as a target, you can select a partition with an already running Mac OS X, and then it will be updated painlessly.

Installing and removing kexts

How can I remove a problematic driver, injector, or add support for devices that did not start after the initial installation? The storage for kexts (kernel extensions) in Mac OS X is the /System/Library/Extensions directory, and they are loaded from a single cache at /System/Library/Caches/com.apple.kext.caches/Startup/Extensions.mkext, where the OS puts only the necessary extensions. But modern Hackintosh loaders (already familiar to us Chameleon and Chimera) can load additional kexts from the /Extra/Extensions directory, and from them their own small cache /Extra/Extensions.mkext is formed. MultiBeast and iATKOS use exactly this scheme, only in the latter case the /Extra directory is hidden. Showing hidden files is enabled using a command in the terminal.

Defaults write com.apple.finder AppleShowAllFiles TRUE killall Finder

To install many kexts, just copy them to /Extra/Extensions. But some will not be able to resolve dependencies (there are no necessary extensions in the /S/L/C/c/S/Extensions.mlext cache), and you will have to create a single cache of all “native” and “third-party” extensions in the /Extra directory. which the OS will not be able to remake. The following command does this:

Sudo kextcache -m /Extra/Extensions.mkext -- /System/Library/Extensions /Extra/Extensions

Before these files in /Extra/Extensions need to be assigned the necessary permissions. Teams:
sudo chown -R 0:0 /Extra/Extensions sudo chmod -R 755 /Extra/Extensions

And one more nuance: if, even with the correct permissions, the kext is not included in the cache and is not loaded, you need to open it using the Show Package Contents option in the file’s context menu and view the Info.plist file in the Contents directory. This is an xml file, and at the end, before the closing tags, there should be the following entry:

OSBundleRequired Root

Otherwise, it needs to be added or changed.

Things are a little different in Mac OS X 10.7. Lion uses a different cache format - prelinked kernel. By default, Chameleon does not read it and scans the entire contents of the /Extra/Extensions directory, which slows down loading. The only thing that can be done for now is to create a shared cache in the system directory /System/Library/Caches/com.apple.kext.caches/Startup. Team:

Sudo kextcache -c /System/Library/Caches/com.apple.kext.caches/Startup/kernelcache -v -t -K /mach_kernel -- /System/Library/Extensions /Extra/Extensions

And in order for the bootloader to pick up kernelcache, you need to use the “UseKernelCache=Yes” argument at startup. But unlike the contents of /Extra, this file is subject to the operating system, and from time to time it will update it, forgetting, of course, about our “hacker” extensions. A solution to the problem is to move the kexts from /Extra to the /System/Library/Extensions directory and give them the necessary permissions with the commands:

Sudo chown -R 0:0 /System/Library/Extensions sudo chmod -R 755 /System/Library/Extensions

OS update

Hackintosh can be updated from the Apple server using the built-in Software Update utility. But at the same time, you need to be prepared for the fact that after the update some kexts will stop working or start causing crashes and you will have to find a replacement for them. Fortunately, developers of popular extensions quickly respond to the release of new versions of Mac OS X. In addition, after the update, you need to rebuild the kext cache by first loading the system with the “-f” argument. Users of AMD processors should make sure that the latest version of the modified kernel is available before updating the OS, or you can leave the old one.

Bootloader setup

The operation of the Chameleon bootloader or its analogues is controlled by the file com.apple.boot.plist in the /Extra folder. It can be modified manually, but there is also a special GUI utility - Lizard, which can be downloaded from the page. It is advisable to enter the screen resolution, loading arguments (for example, the aforementioned “UseKernelCache=Yes”) into the configuration, and for owners of “non-standard” processors the name of the modified kernel file. In iATKOS this is the custom file (look, it is in the root partition of the disk). Also check Graphics Injection if this option helped you enable 3D acceleration.

The 32bit Compatibility Mode option will force the kernel to boot in 32-bit mode, which may be necessary for some kexts. At the same time, support for large amounts of RAM is maintained, and applications can run in 64-bit mode regardless of the kernel. A similar command line argument is “-x32”.

The argument list may also contain special options for individual kexts.

The program automatically opens the file /Extra/com.apple.boot.plist, and if it is missing, it will create it when you try to save changes. This is exactly what will happen with iATKOS, because... This assembly by default stores the bootloader configuration in the system file of the same name /Library/Preferences/SystemConfiguration/com.apple.boot.plist. This is not correct, so it is best to clear the system file after creating the file in /Extra, leaving only those lines that are shown in the screenshot.

Another Lizard feature is editing the /Extra/SMBIOS.plist file. It contains information about the computer model and installed hardware and helps to present the computer as some kind of Macintosh in the System Information program.

Peripherals from Apple

A question that worries many people, but they don’t want to spend money on an experiment: do Mac devices like Apple Cinema Display, Magic Mouse and Magic Trackpad work with Hackintosh? So, the monitor is compatible with any video card equipped with DisplayPort (DP Mini or a full-format version of the port with an adapter is suitable), and both the light sensor and brightness adjustment in System Preferences work. The mouse and touchpad require a Bluetooth USB adapter - some work right out of the box without any additional kexts, and the connection process is again no different from that on real Macs.

Free swimming

Now that you know how to change kexts and configure the bootloader, the Hackintosh configuration is completely in your hands. After the initial installation of Mac OS X, there are probably some rough edges left: something either doesn’t work or works poorly. Knowledge from web resources dedicated to OSx86 will help you bring the system to life.

Well structured forum with friendly audience. There is a Russian-language section;

The above-mentioned encyclopedia with a database of compatible hardware;

Website with installation guides and useful links;
manuals and software for Hackintosh;

a forum similar to InsanelyMac contains more in-depth technical information on some topics;

base
original and third-party kexts for Mac OS X.

• Internet
• Programs
• Instructions
• Browsers
• Windows 10
• Android
• iOS
• Connection

The last notes

What to do if your computer stops working after an update

How to completely reinstall a mac

What is the VCD file extension?

How to convert MD file to PDF file

Review of the Motorola Moto G5S smartphone: an excellent budget phone

Popular

How to remove the Windows XP operating system?

How to make apps remember which screen to use

Guitar Tuner - Pro Guitar Guitar Tuner from MuzLand

News

2024-03-28 05:53:08

Database storage structure (managed forms) 1c table structure

2024-03-28 05:53:08

Aliexpress - Hot products: sale in rubles

2024-03-28 05:53:08

Register on FastTech

2024-03-26 01:43:20

ASOS product return: how to send via Boxberry It takes a long time to process returns at ASOS

2024-03-26 01:43:20

Extensions for downloading music from VKontakte in the Yandex browser Extension for downloading from VK