Introduction to training web programmers: the first steps towards a prestigious profession. Web development: where to start and which direction to choose

And website creation is becoming increasingly popular and attracting the attention of a huge number of people. Even a person without special education can start developing programs; the main thing is the desire and desire to learn new material and constant practice.

Study Options

Where to start learning programming from scratch? There are several ways to master new material in this area. Private teachers will show you how to start learning programming from scratch and teach you important aspects of building code. However, this method is quite expensive, so the following teaching methods are mainly used:

Specialized courses. Their cost is much less than lessons from a personal tutor. It is worth noting that many employers respond positively to the availability of a variety of certificates of completion of training in computer academies. Pay attention to the courses of the world-famous companies Microsoft and Cisco.
Remote free courses. There are a very large number of services on the Internet with which you can view lecture courses from Oxford, Harvard and other famous educational institutions in the world. There are also special platforms for training practical programming skills. Read more about remote learning and useful Internet services further in the article.
Self-learning. Where to start learning programming from scratch if you don't plan to enroll in courses and spend money? In this case, the easiest way is to educate yourself. You should start studying by reading the basics, do not delve into theory, immediately start practicing, because only in the process of creating a program will you acquire the necessary skills.

After choosing the training option that suits you, you should decide on the subject area, because programming has a fairly wide range of different branches.

How to choose the right direction?

Directly depends on the type of software you will create in the future:

If salary is the most important factor for you, turn your attention to the job market. Nowadays, the most in demand are developers who specialize in the languages Java, C#, ASP.NET, C++.

Low and high level languages. Difference and Applications

It is believed that all programming languages are divided into high-level and low-level. Low level code is easier for a computer to process, but it takes a long time to write and requires more domain knowledge. Such languages (for example, assembly) are used to write software for digital chips and microcontrollers. They are not very convenient for learning programming from scratch. The useful services and literature from world-famous authors given later in the article will tell you where to start writing your first programs.

High-level languages are much easier to use because they use built-in libraries to simplify and visualize code. Most modern software is written using high-level languages.

Programming from scratch: where to start applications?

The process of creating mobile programs allows programmers to work with the latest tools and, as a result, earn a decent amount of money through monetization. First you need to choose the site where you will work:

Google Play. Application store for users of the Android operating system. This OS has the largest share of users on the market. Java and C/C++ languages are used to develop applications and games. The most popular are messenger applications, social network clients, cloud storage, and games.
Windows Mobile Store. This store is rapidly gaining popularity along with smartphones from Microsoft. In the CIS countries, most users prefer tablets based on the Windows Phone platform. Programming applications for such a store helps you earn more money from monetization, because, unlike Android, almost all programs in the Windows store are distributed on a paid basis.
App Store. Another profitable platform for development (language - Objective-C). The process of creating programs for Apple devices requires a pre-installed development environment called Xcode. The next step is to learn Objective-C programming from scratch. David Mark's book “Learning C for Mac” will tell you where to start writing code. Second edition."

Java language

Most professional developers recommend starting your programming knowledge with the Java language. It is easy to learn and at the same time in demand in the market. Use the tips below if you decide to learn programming from scratch. Where to start with Java development?

Java is a high-level object-oriented programming language that is needed to develop most modern web applications and games. The process of compiling (turning written code into a language that a device can understand) turns the code into a sequence of bytes, so the program can be easily tested on any Java virtual machine.

Programming from scratch. Where to start with Java and Web coding?

The Java language is widely used in web development. Before you begin the full-fledged programming process, you should learn Java, PHP, MySQL, HTML, CSS. A more detailed explanation of these concepts is given below:

Java - used in writing utilities for websites and writing the logic of web page functionality.
PHP is a language for creating personal website pages. It has a script structure. The leading language in creating dynamic websites that are popular today. PHP is needed to understand scripting and programming from scratch. Where to begin? From reading Josh Lockhat's book "PHP: The Right Way".
MySQL is a system for managing the basics of data. Widely used in creating websites that require storing large amounts of grouped data.
HTML is not a programming language. This is a markup language used to write the base of a web page (building blocks, distributing text and paragraphs, and so on).
CSS - Cascading Style Sheet. Used only in conjunction with HTML to give the markup language style and appearance.

Only by learning the basic concepts of the milestones of these technologies can you begin to create professional dynamic websites that are in great demand today.

Web programming. Relevance and features

The topic of Web programming is especially relevant today. As stated above, to start developing web elements you need to have a fairly large amount of knowledge about markup languages, creating scripts, logic and styles.

Nowadays you won’t surprise anyone with sites that are created only using HTML and CSS, so web developers who are able to make a site visually beautiful, as well as fill it with all the functionality necessary for users, have become in demand.

This type of development requires the creation of two types of the same program: server and client parts. The programmer must understand the principle of operation of the so-called sockets - data packets that allow the necessary flows of information to be transmitted over the network between the server and the client.

Creating applications for the Windows operating system

To develop such programs, you will need knowledge of the C# language. A free service from Microsoft called Virtual Academy will allow you to learn all the features of this language and practice writing simple applications.

According to Microsoft's new policy, all applications are uploaded to the software store, so you can gain access to monetize your project.

The C family of languages (C, C++, C#). Peculiarities

Programming from scratch - where to start choosing a language? The answer to this question can be obtained by delving into more detail into the types of application creation technologies. The relevance of a particular language should also be taken into account.

The languages C, C++, C# have one thing in common - the presence of OOP (object-oriented programming) functions. This technology allows you to significantly simplify the process of writing program code. Each software object is described in a specific class and has its own parameters, methods and properties. Thus, the programmer does not have to write huge pieces of code each time if the same object needs to be used several times.

Useful Internet services for learning the basic principles of programming and the code structure of any application

At the first stage of training, almost any web service will offer you to try its capabilities using Pascal, the simplest of the high-level languages. It is used for educational purposes and is taught in schools and technical colleges so that students can understand programming from scratch. Where to start with Pascal coding? First of all, you need to download the development environment to your PC. This is a small executable file in which the program code will be written. Use TurboPascal, because it is the most popular environment for learning this programming language.

HourOfCode is a web service from Microsoft. It is intended to clearly show students what a cycle, variable, class, and conditions are. The learning process is like a game.

CodeAcademy is a powerful resource for learning almost any coding technology. By devoting just an hour a day, you won’t even notice how you will learn to program and create your own projects.

Udacity is a service that provides its users with free access to lectures by famous professors and developers.

Gaining initial experience. Freelancing

After learning the basic principles of your chosen language, you can safely begin your first projects. Start freelancing, because this is how you will fill out your portfolio and gain experience communicating with customers. Such skills will be useful in the future if you want to get a job in a company as an official software developer.

Bottom line

Programming from scratch: where to start? For dummies, professors from world-famous universities advise practicing with the basic structures that form the basis of any programming language. Enroll in specialized courses or self-study by listening to lectures online.

Backend

Backend is the server part of the application, which is not visible to users. This includes: authorization, data storage and processing, email newsletters, and the like. Let's just say the backend is what's under the hood.

There are many programming languages here, here are the most common ones:

Php
Asp net
Java
Python
Ruby
Node js

I advise you to choose just one, because with the current requirements for programmers, it will take at least several years to reach the middle level. When choosing, you can get acquainted with the vacancies in your city, see which ones are more suitable, where they pay more and depending on what language they require, and select it.

The server is largely used for working with data. Therefore, you will need to learn at least one of the relational databases:

Oracle
MSSQL
MYSQL
Postgres

In terms of complexity, this is about the same as mastering a programming language. In all the listed databases there is a part that is the same everywhere - the so-called sql (query language), as well as a procedural language that is different in each database. Since sql is still the same, and it is the basis for everything related to data processing, switching to another database is not such a problem. Therefore, you can choose any one to begin with, but even here I would go by the principle of analyzing vacancies.

Personally, I give a plus to studying the backend, since the skills here are more static and once you learn something, you can work on it for a long time.

Frontend

Frontend is the part that runs in the browser with which the user directly interacts. These are dynamic interfaces, menus, events based on user action, data exchange with the server part, in general, what happens on the client.

The programming language here is javascript. On the one hand, this is a definite plus, since after studying it, all the companies in your city that are engaged in web development will be open to you, and now many are doing this. On the other hand, there are nuances.

JavaScript currently has two standards that are widely used: ECMAScript 5 and ECMAScript 6. The difference between them is that ECMAScript 5 does not have a full-fledged OPP. ECMAScript 6 has it, but since this standard appeared relatively recently, most applications are already written in ECMAScript 5, as a result of which it will be necessary to master both standards and, as a result, two different approaches to development.

Another point that needs to be taken into account is that the same code written in javascript can work differently in different browsers and on different operating systems. With the current requirements for applications, it will be necessary to write so-called cross-browser code, that is, code whose execution will give the same result everywhere. There is no specific manual for writing such code; in this case, forums and ok Google can help you.

The problematic issues I described have been resolved in modern js frameworks (for example, Angular and React). But in projects that are written without using frameworks, these issues remain.

For me personally, an even bigger disadvantage is that trends are developing very quickly here. Versions of frameworks are constantly updated, new libraries are released, and everyone immediately wants to start using them. In general, you can't keep up with the community.

Fullstack

Already from the name it should be clear that this type of developer is developing both parts. I don’t recommend trying to become such a developer, since it’s not enough to learn all the brains in any case, and most companies have already taken the path of division of labor. However, the full stack is where you need to start in order to take a step towards the backend or frontend. After developing a couple of small applications, you will understand the difference between them (and there really is one) and you will be able to decide which side is closer to you.

At one time, to make up my mind, I read the book “Creating Dynamic Websites”, author “Robin Nixon”. The book is small, only 500 pages, but thanks to it I got a general idea of web development and I boldly made a choice towards the backend, which I still don’t regret. I gave this book as an example, you can take any other book, it doesn’t matter.

You should start your path to a career as a programmer by answering the question, do you need programming at all? This question does not apply to those who are studying or have studied in a specialty close to programming. If you were better at math at school than the humanities, if you like to spend a lot of time on the computer, if you want to learn something new, then programming is for you.

Where to begin

There are several options for the development of events, as a result of which a person becomes a programmer. The first is parents-programmers who taught their children everything. These children don't even need to go to university. The second option is the fashionable profession of a programmer. After school, we had to choose where to go to study, and we chose the fashionable field of IT, which we seemed to like. And the last option is a hobby that has grown into work.

If none of the above happened to you, then you have a choice of four options:

Self-education. This option can be used either independently or in combination with other methods. The Internet is full of applications that help you learn various programming languages and technologies. But this is the most difficult path for beginners.
University. If you finish school and want to be a programmer, then go to university. If not for knowledge, then for crust. It can serve as a bonus when applying for a job. Although you will also gain some knowledge. But don't forget to educate yourself. You should approach the choice of a university very responsibly. Carefully study the training programs and choose the best technical universities.
Mentor. It will be very good if you find a person who agrees to help you and point you in the right direction. He will suggest suitable books and resources, check your code, and give useful advice. By the way, we have already written about where you can find a mentor. You can look for a mentor among familiar programmers, at IT parties and conferences, on online forums, and so on.
Specialized practical courses. Try looking for courses in your city that will teach you some programming language or technology. I was pleasantly surprised by the number of such courses in Kyiv, including free ones and with subsequent employment.

Which language, technology and direction to choose

When you become a programmer, after a year or two you will be free to choose any language you like. But when choosing a first programming language, a beginner should consider the following criteria:

Availability of vacancies on the market. The ultimate goal of this path is to find a job as a programmer. And this will be difficult to do if no one is looking for developers in your programming language on the job market. Check job sites, see who is most sought after, write down a dozen languages. And move on to the next criterion.
Low entry level. If you have to spend a long time learning a language, it may discourage you from programming at all. Read about the languages you selected above. Review the literature you will need to read to learn these languages. And choose those that are described as easy, or that seemed easy to you. Such languages may be PHP, Ruby, Python.
The thrill of the process. If you don't enjoy writing code in your chosen language, you won't enjoy the process, your work, or your life. Do you need it? Make the right choices.

You will also have to decide on the direction of programming. Mobile, desktop, games, web, low-level programming and so on. The most popular and relatively easy industries are development for web, mobile and desktop clients. One language may be suitable for each direction and not another at all. That is, when choosing a programming language, it is also worth starting from this factor.

Either way, learn web technologies. This is a markup language, styles and that will make your page dynamic. The next step is to learn a server-side language (Python, PHP, Ruby and others) and web frameworks suitable for it. Study the databases: almost every programmer vacancy mentions this.

How to get initial experience

Without experience you won't get a job. Without work you won't get experience. A vicious circle of real life. But it’s okay, we’ll get out of it.

First, don't wait until you've read all the books on your chosen programming language. Start writing your first lines of code after the second chapter of the book. Complete all the tasks from the books, retype the examples, understand them. Complicate the examples and tasks from books with your own ideas. Create your own tasks for the material you have covered. Solve these problems.

Secondly, you need to find your first projects. This is probably the most difficult option, but it works. You will have to look for orders yourself, fulfill them, and bother with payment. For a beginner, this is extremely difficult, but then all other options will seem like a piece of cake. Completed projects can be recorded as experience and shown to your future employer. Real projects are a big plus on your resume.

If you know English, it is better to register on English-language exchanges. The market is bigger there. If you don't know English, learn it. In the meantime, Russian-language freelance exchanges are available to you. Look for small projects that are at or just above your skill level. Apply for a couple dozen of these jobs. And get ready to receive a sea of refusals. But if one or two applications work out, you'll have a chance to gain real experience.

Another good option for getting real experience is open source. Such projects always need new people, even beginners. You can search for bugs in the project or look in the bug tracker and suggest methods for solving them. You can easily find such projects on GitHub or . Feel free to ask questions there.

The fourth option for gaining experience is helping fellow programmers. Ask them to pass on small, simple tasks to you. If something doesn't work out, you will always have someone to turn to. And at the same time you will participate in a real project.

The last way is your own projects, various hackathons or working in a coworking space. It’s difficult to start your own projects on your own; it’s better to look for acquaintances or friends.

Why choose Python

Let's talk a little more about choosing your first programming language. The first language should be simple and popular in the market. Such a language is Python. I highly recommend choosing it as your first programming language.

The Python program code is readable. You don't even need to be a programmer to get a basic understanding of what's going on in a program. Due to Python's uncomplicated syntax, it will take you less time to write a program than, for example, in Java. A huge database of libraries that will save you a lot of effort, nerves and time. Python is a high-level language. This means you don’t have to think too much about memory cells and what to put there. Python is a general purpose language. And it's so simple that even children can learn it.

In fairness, it is worth mentioning other programming languages. Java could be a good choice for a beginner. This language is more popular than Python, but also a little more complex. But the development tools are much better developed. One has only to compare Eclipse and IDLE. After Java, it will be easier for you to move on to working with low-level programming languages.

PHP- another very popular language. And I think it's even simpler than Python. It is very easy to find a mentor or a solution to a problem on the forum. This is because there are a huge number of PHP programmers of different levels in the world. There is no normal import in PHP; there are many options for solving the same problem. And this complicates learning. And PHP is designed exclusively for the web.

Languages C And C# very difficult for a beginner. Ruby- a good choice as a second language, but not a first. JavaScript- a very simple language, but it won’t teach you anything good. But the task of the first programming language is still to teach you something correct, to set some kind of logic.

Is English important?

Important! Do not know? Teach. Do you know? Improve. Learn to read, write, listen and speak English. Focus on technical literature. Listen to English-language podcasts. Read English-language programming textbooks.

What you need to know besides the programming language

Of course, besides the programming language and English, you need to know something else. But what depends on the direction you choose. A web programmer must know HTML, CSS, JavaScript. A desktop programmer teaches operating system APIs and various frameworks. A mobile application developer learns Android, iOS or Windows Phone frameworks.

Everyone needs to learn algorithms. Try taking a course on Coursera or finding a book on algorithms that suits you. In addition, you need to know one of the databases, programming patterns, and data structures. It's also worth checking out code repositories. At least with one. Knowledge of version control systems is required. Choose Git, it's the most popular. You need to know the tools you're working with, the operating system, and the development environment. And the main skill of a programmer is to be able to Google. You won't live without this.

Last steps

You need to prepare a resume. Not just a resume, but a . You shouldn’t write there, but you also don’t need to remain silent about your skills. Once you are invited to an interview, you must prepare for it. Go through the material that is listed on your resume. You must be confident in your knowledge. Look through the projects you've worked on, think about the technologies you've used. And forward - to a bright future with a new profession as a programmer.

From the author: Hello, dear reader of our blog! You've probably heard many stereotypes about web programmers. Many people think that they speak some kind of special language, where instead of words there is a code. They are also nocturnal creatures, and practically do not sleep at all. The programmer never takes off his headphones or lets go of his mouse. And if he doesn’t have a mouse in his hands, then he enthusiastically draws some mysterious symbols on paper, a tablet or a dusty table. Of course, these are nothing more than stereotypes. Otherwise, there wouldn’t be so many people wanting to learn how to become a web programmer from scratch. Let's satisfy their curiosity and tell them about this interesting and in-demand Internet profession.

So, you're thinking about how to become a web programmer from scratch. But there seems to be a small problem... You have absolutely no experience. How to make sure you are taken seriously in this field? I suggest you familiarize yourself with the list of steps that need to be taken to bear the proud title of a web developer. You will even be surprised how simple everything is. First you need to cast aside all doubts in your path. And at the same time laziness. Go!

Brief information about the profession in question

Object of study: web programmer, also known as web developer, also known as developer, web master and invisible architect of the Internet. That's how many names there are.

Who is this? A person who develops new and improves existing websites and web applications. This process may include such stages as web design, programming and website layout, configuring a web server and expanding the functionality of ready-made projects.

Requirements: specific programming skills and a decent portfolio of already made websites to show it to potential clients.

Types of webmasters: it all depends on what client or server language the specialist speaks. For example, ASP.NET, Perl, C#, Java, PHP, which can also be used to create developments or engines for websites - CMS. There are free (Joomla, WordPress) and paid (Bitrix, SiteEdit) engines. Particularly gifted programmers can create their own engines.

In general, web development is a broader concept than web programming. The honorable caste of web developers includes not only the programmer who writes the basis (engine) of the site, but also the designer, layout designer, tester, etc. There are also people who are involved in administration, content filling, promotion and promotion of the site.
Here are the promised instructions on how to become a web programmer.

Step one - choose a specialization

Any decent web programming course teaches a specific, narrow specialization from scratch. So decide right away what you want to do. At least in the first place. Then you can explore other horizons. Here are a few ready-made directions to choose from:

Front-end or Back-end?

React.js or Angular.js?

If you are enthusiastically searching in a search engine for what it all means, in the firm belief of becoming a jack of all trades, then come to your senses. Most companies require highly specialized specialists.

Although, to decide on a specialization, you may need to try a little bit of everything. You must LOVE what you do. So forget about money for now. Think about what is closer to you? Do you want to write code all day and night? Or maybe develop interfaces? Or maybe test sites?

Step Two - Familiarize yourself with the basics of all areas of web development

Even if you will not be a “full cycle” developer, you still need to know the basics.

HTML and CSS.

Learning web programming should start with understanding the basics of HTML. It is a hypertext markup language that controls the layout and content of the information we see in the browser. In the future, when learning more complex languages, the importance of HTML will increase more and more.

Here's what you need to learn about HTML:

tags, attributes, elements;

headers;

Modern trends and approaches in web development

Learn the algorithm for rapid growth from scratch in website building

paragraphs;

Images;

CSS is a cascading style sheet that is used to customize the appearance of HTML elements on a web page. To learn HTML and CSS, you can check this out, and then refer to the course for more advanced tasks.

PHP.

Next, the PHP language. The market is full of vacancies for PHP developers. This language is relatively easy and is great for starting a career. Here you need to know the syntax of PHP itself and MySQL databases, their main functions and commands, jQuery, AJAX, CMS, CSS, and, of course, HLML. Here's a good one.

JavaScript.

Another extremely popular language that runs almost everywhere is JavaScript. It has an extremely wide scope of application. Android, desktop and web applications are written on it; it is supported by all browsers and platforms (mobile devices, computers, servers, etc.).

When learning the basics of JavaScript, you will need: data and variables, conditions, events, arrays, loops, objects, functions, callbacks, DOM, logic, JSON, .

You can learn JavaScript with the help of an excellent course for web programmers.

So far we have considered the so-called Front-end development, which is designed to interact with users. And there is also code that runs on the server - Back-end. If you decide to become a backend developer, then I advise you to familiarize yourself with Node.js, which runs JS code on the server, the Express library, and the MongoDB database.

Step three - get real experience

To get started, complete a few training projects that you will find in books and courses for web programmers. You can also develop your own blog, even a basic one.

Then start working for someone else:

help a relative or friend who owns their own business. Make a website or web application for him “for thanks”, or for a nominal fee. Just don’t immediately aim for projects of international scale and don’t overly promise “mountains of gold”;

work in the office. If you're lucky, you'll become a web programmer there from scratch and learn from professionals;

look for orders on freelance exchanges and specialized forums. There is always work for developers there.

Don't forget to constantly update your portfolio. Without it, it will be difficult to find adequate customers.

If you read my article and are not interested in either front-end or back-end development, rejoice, web programming is not for you. What is there to be happy about? Yes, because you realized it in time and didn’t lose a lot of money, nerves and time.

Modern trends and approaches in web development

Learn the algorithm for rapid growth from scratch in website building

Today, many people are interested in whether it is possible to learn to program from scratch.

We have all heard stories that people who do this business have huge incomes, go to Bali every weekend and in the first months of their work were able to buy apartments for all their relatives.

In principle, this is not far from the truth, but Such results require experience and reputation. And you need to start with the simplest. We will look at what steps a person who knows nothing about writing programs needs to follow in order to travel to Bali and buy real estate in the future.

Contents:

Step one. Preparation

Often, beginning programmers cannot achieve success for the simple reason that they initially failed to set priorities correctly.

They present this craft as something romantic, dynamic - just some kind of constant action.

In films, this process is shown completely different from what it really is.

Moreover, there is generally The writing of codes is not displayed, we are only shown events that revolve around it.

The films also show that anyone can become a programmer without knowledge, experience, or even gray matter in the brain. In this case, we can recall the film “Frames”.

So if you are simply saturated with the spirit of all kinds of films and want to start “coding” yourself, programming is clearly not for you.

Here's the truth about the craft in question - programming is:

hours and sometimes days of monotonous work, during which you cannot relax, you must always be focused;
endless learning in pursuit of the latest trends in this area;
similar projects with customers who don’t know what they want and what it should look like.

As for the latter, you must It’s worth watching a video about seven red lines of different colors, one of which is in the form of a kitten. In principle, this is close to the truth, since customers often demand the impossible. It also happens that they order something, but they are always not satisfied with the result.

If you understand all this and are ready to plunge into the wonderful world of programming, then proceed to the next step.

Step two. Selecting your first language

There are a huge number of programming languages. According to some estimates, their number has already reached several thousand.

In general, C is one of the simplest languages that provides the basis for everything else. Moreover, its elements are used in many other systems and programs.

But it is interesting that in good educational institutions, as well as During the courses, students study languages in the following order:

1 Pascal.

2 C++.

3 PHP and everything related to web programming, as well as SQL(this is a system designed to work with databases through queries).

Web(website development, online systems and everything connected with it) – html(although it cannot be called a full-fledged programming language), PHP, Perl, Python, Ruby, Java, Groovy, as well as ASP.NET technology.
Custom software(all kinds of programs like reference books, browsers, instant messengers, etc.) – Delphi, C, C++, C#.
Custom software for mobile devices– Java, Objective-C.
Machine developments(working with microprocessors and other devices, robotics design) – Assembler, modifications C.

Someone can also add so-called 1C programming to this list. Don't trust laymen and people who don't know anything! This is not programming at all.

Once you become familiar with the basics of the work in question, you will understand why this can be said.

Choose what you like best.

Advice: Make your choice right away! You must know exactly in which direction you will develop and what to study in the future.

Most specialists also It is recommended to start your learning with Pascal. This option will allow

You need to write the simplest programs and have a general idea of the craft in question as a whole.

We can say that Pascal is a kind of bridge. A person who simply knows mathematics well can move through it into the world of programming.

Attention! Whatever company you choose to work for after training, you will be retrained for yourself. Therefore, you just have to understand the very principle of writing programs. And for this there's nothing better than Pascal.

Step three. Studying Compilers

For reference: Compiler is a technical solution designed to translate input commands into machine instructions, roughly speaking, into ones and zeros, that is, into an interpretation in which the machine will understand what to do.

Actually, you will write and execute all your programs in compilers.

If you decide to follow our advice and start with Pascal, then you should download Free Pascal. This compiler is absolutely free and is distributed on the official website.

As you can see, it looks quite “old-fashioned”, but programming begins exactly with this. By the way, the C++ compiler looks almost the same.

It's called Turbo C++ (you can download it).

As for Pascal, there is also GNU Pascal, Turbo/Borland Pascal, TMT Pascal and Virtual Pascal. And for C++ you can use Borland C++, Visual C++, Dev C++, GCC and Eclipse.

But this, as we said above, is just the beginning. You can't stop there. Once you've made a choice about your direction, you can move on to more complex compilers.

Here is a list of the most popular compilers today depending on the areas of activity:

ConcerningDelphi, then that’s what the compiler is called there. There is also Embarcadero Delphi and some other modifications. Delphi 7 can be downloaded from many sites, for example. If you chose C, C++ or C#, then you need Microsoft Visual Studio. You can download it directly from the manufacturer’s official website.

If we talk aboutAssembler and other languages used in robotics, then you need to immediately download MASM if you are working on Windows. In general, depending on the field of activity you choose and the company for which you get a job, compilers can be very different. Some firms write their own code processing solutions. Therefore, if you have chosen robotics, it is better to study the relevant books and do everything as they say. We'll talk about this later.

There are also many online compilers. They are useful because they support many programming languages and do not require installation - very convenient!

Here are the most popular ones:

This is a unique service that allows you to create several virtual computers and do whatever you want on them, including compiling ciphers.

Virtual machines will run under . On them you can at least delete the system folder, install absolutely any program, and so on.

Now let's start writing your first cipher (code). This can be done even without books and long instructions.

Step four. First code

For the first code, we will use the first language and the first compiler, which we advised to choose above. These are Pascal and Free Pascal.

One of the simplest programs is written as follows:

1 Download Free Pascal follow the link above and run it on your computer.

2 Enter the following: “program [name];”. That is, if you want the program to be called “hello”, you must enter “program hello;”.

3 Enter the "begin" statement. This means that the code that will need to be executed later has begun.

4 We use one of the most common constructions in Pascal “writeln(‘[some text]’);”. It simply displays text on the screen. Which is contained in parentheses and quotation marks. We will introduce the combination "Hello, world!". This is usually where people start their journey into the big world of software development. So the next line would look like “writeln(‘Hello, world!’);”.

5 To complete the cipher being executed, enter "end."(necessarily with a period at the end).

6 Now press the button "F9" to run what you wrote. You will see the words appear on the screen "Hello, world!". This is what was required!

To get you started with other languages, books usually also provide instructions on how to write “Hello, world!” , that is, instructions that simply display such simple text on the screen.

So, you have mastered your first cipher! A start. Now move on to intensive training.

Step five. Take online training

The advantage of online lessons is that you see everything clearly, from start to finish.

Therefore, it is better for beginners to start their journey with online trainings. Here best courses in Russian:

Course “Programming Fundamentals” from the Educational IT portal GeekBrains. Everything is told here from the very beginning, from the very basics. You will be able to study the history, development of this industry, and then gradually become part of it. The same series of trainings can be downloaded from a torrent (here is the link).
Lessons from the School of Programmers. This course is suitable for those who don’t even know anything about mathematics, don’t know the nature of numbers, how information is represented in a computer, and other similar points. That is, if you consider yourself a complete layman, watch these video lessons.
"Programming Foundation" from EG Lab. Here they will talk about this craft in general, about the development of complex tasks and data types (three lessons in total). Watching these lessons will be a great help to start learning a specific language in the future.

After viewing these courses, you need to move on to lessons dedicated to a specific language or industry of your choice.

If you know English, it's a huge advantage, but only if you already know something.

For some reason, courses for those who are absolutely zero in this matter are not provided there (or they are impossible to find).

But there are courses for specific languages. For example, there is Learn Java Simply, C++ Programming Tutorial for Beginners, How to program in C# - BASICS and much more.

Choose training depending on the direction of your activity.

If you have watched at least a few lessons, you can move on to something more meaningful, studying books.