How to remove duplicate photos. Duplicate Image Remover Free - program for removing duplicate images

Programs for finding and deleting identical files were considered. The procedure is, of course, necessary, but what to do if you need to detect and erase identical or similar pictures or photographs from your computer? Of course, use a special program.

The utility is called Awesome Duplicate Photo Finder and you can download it from .

It is free, small in size and has a version that does not require installation. The only thing that spoils it is the lack of a Russian-language interface, but it is so intuitive that it is quite easy to understand it. Especially after reading this article.

So, the main program window looks like this:

The found images are shown on the left and right, and the percentage of similarity is shown in the middle between them.
Below the images, their properties are displayed, such as extension, resolution and size (you can focus on them when searching).
By clicking on the picture you can open it in .
1 - allows you to move an image to another folder
2 - opens a folder with an image
3 - deletes to trash

Now about Settings (Settings in the top menu)


On the left you indicate which formats to look for.

Move Files to Recycle Bin- delete file to trash

Delete Files without Confirmation- delete without warning

Search Only 100% Indian Pictures- search only for 100% matching images

Automatically Check for Updates- automatically check for program updates


Set it as you prefer, click OK and read on.

Let's look at this menu

it is needed to add folders for scanning and searching.

In order, the assignment of the buttons from left to right: Add, Delete, Move Up, Move Down, Clear.

Button Start Search- To start searching.

Check mark on Scan Subdirectories- search by subfolders (which are inside).

After the search is completed, if there are results, the program window will look like this:


I deliberately covered up the paths, but the essence did not change.

The bottom part shows the path of the original image (Original Image), a similar image (Dublicate Image) and the percentage of similarity (Similarity).

There is nothing more to explain here, except that switching between found duplicates is carried out in the lower list.
This is how you can quite easily find not only identical pictures and images, but also photos on your computer.

File garbage accumulated during computer operation usually consists of more than just temporary or unnecessary files. A separate category are duplicate files, which are identical in content, but are stored in different folders or on different computer drives.

This could be, for example, documents that were saved repeatedly, duplicate or similar photographs, the same music compositions that you downloaded from the Internet and saved in different folders or under different names. It is important to understand that duplicates are essentially two versions of the same photo that have different resolutions. Or the same song by the same artist, but recorded at different concerts. Or two versions of the same musical composition, but recorded in different audio formats.

An example of duplicate files can also be two versions of a movie, saved with different quality or, again, in different video formats. Of course, it is quite difficult to manually detect such duplicates, so we will call on special programs that search for duplicate files to help. As you probably already understood from the previous paragraph, duplicates of each type of file (drawings, music, videos, documents) have their own characteristics.

Algorithms for searching for duplicates of all types of files differ significantly from each other, therefore, as a rule, different programs are engaged in searching for duplicates of files of different types. Let's look at some of them. In addition, it is important not only to detect duplicates, but also to select the latest version of the document or the highest quality video or audio file. We will look at each type of file separately, and also provide a list of popular programs for working with duplicates.

Search for duplicate images

The most striking example of duplicate pictures can be identical or very similar photographs. Many modern cameras allow you to shoot in burst mode, when pictures are taken at very short intervals - from a few fractions of a second to several seconds. However, the resulting images differ from each other very slightly. As practice shows, there is no real need to store similar photographs; it is enough to select one or two successful photographs from a series and delete the rest.

Another case where duplicate image files may appear is when creating backup copies of photos on your hard drive, or selecting images for a presentation, in which they are copied to another folder. In general, the user often creates copies of images himself and then forgets to delete them. However, the reasons for the appearance of duplicate images can be very different. Our task is to get rid of such duplicates and clear up space on your hard drive. Among the most common programs designed to search for duplicate images on a computer are the following.

  • SWMole Clone Remover. Website address: http://www.clone-remover.com/. The program is paid. It can search not only for duplicate images (including similar pictures, and not just exact copies), but also for copies of music files. In the unregistered version, the user has the ability to delete no more than 20 files. Finds copies of images in pairs, even if there are more than two similar images on the disk. Has a Russian-language interface.
  • Image Comparer. Website: http://www.bolidesoft.com/rus/imagecomparer.html. The program is shareware and has a trial period of 30 days. A multilingual user interface is supported, including Russian. It is possible to search for duplicate pictures both within one folder and between several folders. The program interface is somewhat complicated for a novice user, but it is possible to use a step-by-step wizard mode that will help you find and remove duplicate image files.
  • Picasa. Official program page: https://picasa.google.com. The program itself includes many different tools for working with photographs. The program also has a function to search for duplicate images. To use this function, you need to select Tools>>Experimental functions>>Show duplicate files in the main menu of the program. Let us immediately pay attention to the fact that the program searches for duplicate image files, that is, absolutely identical pictures. But it finds them regardless of location and with virtually no user intervention. The program is absolutely free and has a Russian-language interface. In addition, using Picasa, you can process images, apply various filters to them, find people's faces, mark shooting locations, and perform many other useful actions.
  • Similar Images Finder. Program website: http://www.crown-s-soft.com/ru/sifinder.htm. The program is shareware. You can use it for 30 days without purchasing, but there is a limit on the number of duplicate files found. The program interface is in English. It is possible to adjust the depth of “similarity” of photos, as well as set preferences for found duplicates: for example, you can tell the program to automatically delete the older duplicate file, which has less color or smaller size. The program has a duplicate search wizard that allows you to specify criteria for comparing image files in a step-by-step mode.

Find duplicate music files

Just like images, music files can sometimes take up a lot of disk space, and in some cases it can be difficult to manually find the same or similar music tracks. Specialized applications that automate this process will come to the rescue. Let's talk about some of the most popular ones.

  • Audio comparer. You can download the program on the website: http://audiocomparer.com/rus/. The application is shareware. It can be used for 30 days without registration. The analysis of musical compositions is based on a comparison of the names of performers and song titles. This data is taken from the file name and internal service information, the so-called ID3 tags. It is possible to specify the threshold of similarity of names at which the compositions will be considered the same. The application allows you to compare files both within one directory on your computer disk and between several directories. The program interface is somewhat complicated for a novice user, but this is compensated by the presence of a step-by-step wizard that facilitates the process of finding duplicates.
  • Music Duplicate Remover. Internet site: http://www.maniactools.com/. The key difference between this application and its analogues is the ability to search for duplicates by sound. This function allows you to find duplicates even among files that are incorrectly named. The program is shareware and allows an unregistered user to work for 30 days. It has a simple user interface in Russian.
  • SWMole Clone Remover. As already mentioned, this application can search not only for duplicate images, but also for repeated musical compositions. Program website address: http://www.clone-remover.com/. The program interface is a bit complicated, but thanks to Russian language support, it’s easy to figure it out on your own. The application can search for duplicate music files only by file name and ID3 tags, without taking into account the sound. By using one of the programs listed or all of them at once, you can free up a lot of useful space on your computer's disks.

Finding duplicate video files

Dealing with duplicate video files has its own characteristics compared to finding duplicate pictures or music. Due to the large size of video files, there are usually not as many of them on computer drives as music or images. In addition, the appearance of duplicate films or videos is not as common as the “cloning” of photographs or songs. But deleting even one clone of a video file will help free up a significant amount of disk space. In addition, the algorithm for comparing video streams is much more complex than drawings or even the sound of music. For this reason, there are not many programs designed to find duplicate video files. Let's look at some of them.

  • Duplicate Video Search. Web address: http://duplicatevideosearch.com/rus/. The program is shareware - with a trial period of 30 days. It has an English-language interface, which, however, is not overloaded with unnecessary elements, and therefore is quite understandable. The user must specify in which folders to search for video duplicates. The application can compare the contents of video files of ten different formats. It is possible to specify the comparison depth.
  • Teemoon Video Matching. Program home page: http://teemoon.name/videoid/Default.html. Unlike its “brothers”, this application is free. Working with the program involves two stages. The first is indexing, which is done on the Indexing tab. This process creates index files for each video file in the specified folder. The process is lengthy, but it only needs to be done once, then the existing index files will be used when comparing files. The second stage is comparison, which is carried out on the Matching tab. The disadvantages of the program include the lack of support for the Russian language and a non-obvious operating algorithm.
  • Video Comparer. Program website: http://www.video-comparer.com/. The application has paid and free versions. The free one is quite suitable for home use. The program interface is quite simple. The user only needs to specify the folders in which to search for duplicate files and click the button to start the comparison process. The user interface is in English.

If you are a film fan and store a large collection of different films on your computer, or are involved in video editing and have a lot of video clips on your hard drive, then you should take an “inventory” of your video archive. Perhaps you will find hidden reserves of your computer.

Finding other duplicates

As you probably already understood, there is no universal program that allows you to get rid of all duplicate files in one fell swoop - each type of data requires its own tool. However, if you leave aside the complex algorithms for comparing images and sounds, and limit yourself to simply comparing the name, size and date of the file, you can find many duplicates among those file types that we have not yet mentioned here. These can be documents, files of other formats that waste disk space. To find such duplicates, you can often do without specialized programs. For example, if you use a popular file manager, you can use its tools to find and delete duplicate files. Among the file managers that have the function of searching for duplicate files are:

  • FAR Manager;
  • FreeCommander;
  • Total Commander.

If you are not used to using file managers, then you should not install them on your computer just to find duplicates. There are specialized applications for this task:

  • CloneSpy - http://www.clonespy.com/;
  • DupKiller - http://dupkiller.com/index_ru.html;
  • Duplicate Cleaner - http://www.digitalvolcano.co.uk/duplicatecleaner. html;
  • Free Duplicate File Finder - http://www.ashisoft.com/;
  • NoClone 2014 Desktop - http://noclone.net/

These and many other paid and free applications for every taste will help you get rid of duplicate files on your hard drives.

Good day!

I think that many users have dozens (or even hundreds) of gigabytes of pictures, wallpapers, videos, music, and other files on their disks. And I should note that in different catalogs (in wallpaper collections, for example) there may be quite a lot of copies (duplicates). Often, after removing them, it is possible to free up several gigabytes of space on the HDD!

There are special programs and utilities to search for duplicates. They are ways to scan your hard drive(s) in a relatively short time and present you with everything that is the same. Then, as a rule, all you have to do is tick off what to delete - and voila, the place is cleared!

In this article I will give several such “cleaners” that will help you free up space on your hard drive. So...

Addition!

Universal (search for any files)

Universal programs for finding duplicates are suitable for working with any files: documents, photographs, videos, etc. As a rule, their work is based on searching for files of the same size and checksum. Those. these programs look for exact copies that match 100%!

Thanks to this, their work speed is quite high. However, they cannot find, for example, almost identical pictures that are saved in different formats and with excellent resolution. To do this you need to use special. The software I recommend below...

CCleaner

One of the most famous PC cleaning utilities. However, not many users know that it has a duplicate search function (and a very good function!).

To open this option: you must download the latest version of the program, in the menu "Service" choose "Search for duplicates" , specify settings and click the button "Find" .

I note that the search is quite fast, you can filter files by their size and name date. You can also manually specify specific drives (folders) to search. In general, quite convenient!

Glary Utilities (Glary Duplicate Cleaner)

Glary Utilities is an excellent set of utilities for all occasions. Contains all the most necessary tools for cleaning, maintaining and optimizing Windows. I have already recommended this complex several times on the pages of my blog...

In its arsenal of built-in software there is one small utility Glary Duplicate Cleaner. It allows you to quickly find duplicates of a wide variety of file formats: TXT, RAR, ZIP, MP3, WAV, AVI, JPG, BMP, etc. (in general, all the most popular ones are definitely there, see the screenshot below).

Setting Scan Settings / Glary Duplicate Cleaner

There is also a small filter with search criteria: by name, size, time. There is an option to skip files of a certain size (for example, you can skip files that weigh less than 100 KB).

I note that the package Glary Utilities is free and fully translated into Russian. In general, rating 5 on a 5-point scale!

AllDup

This is a small free utility that can very quickly scan all your drives and remove all duplicate files. The developers note that their search algorithm is 10-30% faster than other similar products.

Personally, I haven’t checked the speed, but I would note the following: the utility works on all Windows 2000, XP, 7, 8, 10 operating systems (this is a certain advantage!).

After the search, the AllDup utility will present you with the results: you can familiarize yourself with each duplicate and delete it directly from the program interface. Comfortable!

Duplicate File Finder

A free tool for cleaning disks of duplicate files. The program compares files on the specified disk (directory) byte by byte. There are standard filters: file extension, file name, creation date, and size.

You can either view the search result (an example is shown in the screenshot above) in the program itself (and make a decision) or export it to HTML, CSV and TXT files. By the way, I would note that the program has a fairly convenient viewer that allows you to view a picture, text, video.

Total Commander

This famous Commander (a good Explorer replacement) also has a file search function. To open it, click on the “magnifying glass” icon in the top menu of the program (see screenshot above).

Of course, there are not many opportunities here, but nevertheless...

To search for photos, pictures, graphics

These programs can search not only by the size (checksum) of the file, but also by the contents of the picture. For example, you have several identical desktop wallpapers located in two different folders (but these pictures have different sizes and resolutions).

So, the programs given above would not have found these duplicates, because... they “cannot” appreciate what is shown in the pictures. In this case, you need to use special. tools (more about them below)...

Image Comparer

This is a very small utility that specializes in searching for similar images. I note that she compares not just the size, but what is shown in the picture (see screenshot above). All popular image and photo formats are supported: RAW, JPEG, J2K, BMP, GIF, PNG, TIFF, TGA, etc.

After the search, you will be presented with a list of duplicates: after going through it, you can view all copies and delete those that you do not need. What’s interesting: the program shows you the percentage of similarity of certain pictures (the difference between them stands out as squares when viewed).

Of the minuses: if you specify a large disk (several terabytes), the program will take a very long time to scan. I recommend that you go through the pictures using rougher tools before using it. (for example, CCleaner, AllDup, etc., see above).

DupeGuru Picture Edition

A very simple utility that is designed to quickly search for identical pictures. I note that similar pictures will be found even if they have different formats (for example, JPG and Tiff as in the screenshot above).

Among the advantages of the utility:

  • visual comparison of pictures;
  • the program is completely free;
  • simple interface, designed in a minimalist style;
  • Russian language support;
  • ability to export search results;
  • support for all the most popular versions of Windows XP, 7, 8, 10.

ImageDupeless

Program ImageDupeless allows you to find duplicate pictures, regardless of file size, format, resolution, etc. characteristics (it will sort of “look” at all the pictures for you and find similar ones).

The program also has a very interesting function for burning images to CDs (creating a kind of CD galleries).

Note: to save time, compare newly received pictures with an existing gallery (this way you will save a lot of time, because a complete scan of all the pictures on the disk is much longer than searching in the created gallery).

Comparison result: please note that the resolution and size of the pictures are different!

Visual Similarity Duplicate Image Finder

The program uses advanced algorithms to compare graphic images found in pictures and photographs. Thanks to this, it is possible to find similar and identical images, even if they have different formats (GIF, PNG, JPG, etc.) and resolution.

I note that the user has the option to specify a similarity feature (that is, you can set, say, to find only those pictures that are 95% similar to each other).

After conducting a search: you will be able to view all found duplicates and manually delete all unnecessary ones. By the way, the program places 2 identical images next to each other (see example above) so that you can clearly see the difference. Very convenient!

To search audio and video files

Audio Comparer (Electronic Ear)

Audio Comparer - the program will listen to almost 300 tracks in 10 minutes.

Audio Comparer is not as simple an application for finding duplicates among music files (MP3, MP2, MP1, WMA, AIF, WAV, WavPack, FLAC, APE, AAC and OGG) as it might seem at first glance... It " listens to music and compares tracks with each other using a special algorithm: the comparison is made by audio track, and not by size or file name (as is done in many other analogues).

Thanks to this, identical tracks can be found even if they are saved in different formats. Audio Comparer is a kind of electronic ear that can listen to all your music very quickly.

I note that there are quite a few such programs, so each deserves special attention! I recommend you to get acquainted!

DupeGuru Music Edition

A very interesting program dupeGuru Music Edition for searching for identical and similar music tracks. There are filters for searching: by bitrate, information in tags, duration, size, etc.

All the most popular formats are supported: MP3, WMA, AAC, WMA, OGG, FLAC. After the search, the found duplicates can either be deleted or moved to other directories.

I would also note the presence of the Russian language and support for modern OS Windows 7, 8, 10 (including 64 bits).

Music Duplicate Remover

Music Duplicate Remover - a utility that allows you to easily and quickly find copies of audio files located in different folders (disks) and saved in different formats. Thanks to its electronic ear technology, it can listen to all your songs on the disc, analyze them and provide you with a report with all similar tracks (an example of such a report is shown in the screenshot above).

I note that the utility works great with standard presets (that is, after downloading and launching it, there is no need to delve into the settings for a long time, you can immediately start scanning).

Note! Music Duplicate Remover supports the following audio formats: MP3, WMA, OGG, FLAC, APE, WAV.

Duplicate Video Search

Quite a powerful program for deleting identical videos saved in different folders (suitable for those who have a lot of different videos, music videos, top 100 collections, etc.). It will help you “go through” your collection of files and remove all duplicates.

I note that the program uses a unique “cast” technology (i.e., a kind of “electronic eye”), which allows you to find similar videos, even if they are saved in a different format, they have a different resolution and they are compressed with a different codec.

Peculiarities:

  1. The following video formats are supported: AVI, MKV, 3GP, MPG, SWF, MP4, WMV, WTV and FLV (see screenshot above);
  2. search for full copies of videos and similar ones (where excellent resolution, bitrate, format, codec);
  3. the program automatically selects the video with the worst quality among all takes (however, you can manually specify which copy to delete);
  4. convenient and visual presentation of search results: thumbnails for each video and the path to the directory where it is stored;
  5. You can either view the video or delete it directly from the program window.

Video Comparer

Video Comparer - a program designed to search and compare videos on your hard drive. In a relatively short period of time, she can view all your videos and show you in a convenient table all the files that repeat each other (complete takes, similar videos, videos with the same content but different quality, etc.).

I note that the program has various filters that will allow, for example, to search for videos only of a certain format (or set the duration of the video).

Peculiarities:

  1. supports formats: 3GP, AVI, ASF, ASX, WMV, VOB, XVID, MP4, MPEG;
  2. the ability to search among hidden files;
  3. the ability to automatically select similar videos for deletion;
  4. video filters by duration, quality and extension;
  5. convenient presentation of search results: previews for each video; size; the folder where it is located; Name; similarity percentage.
  6. the ability to backup to a separate folder;
  7. logging;
  8. support for almost all popular Windows XP, 7, 8, 10 (32/64 bits).

Additions, as always, are welcome.

Happy work!

Remove unnecessary photos and keep your PC photo collection flawless.

Image Comparer™ is a duplicate finder for any photo collector. As soon as you install the program on your computer, it will automatically find copies of photos or photos with varying degrees of similarity. All you need to do is select a folder to scan and start searching. Using innovative content-based photo comparison technology, Image Comparer™ will analyze every photo in the selected folder and will find exact copies or close matches based on the actual content of the image. Having received the results, simply check the box next to the unwanted files and delete them all with just a click of the mouse. That's all. You don't have to look through folders and remember what you see. Image Comparer™ puts the entire process on autopilot, so you don't have to worry. As an added benefit, Image Comparer™ offers a built-in image review system so you can be sure you've removed what you really wanted.

Image Comparer™ runs on Windows 2000 / XP / Vista / 7 / 8 / 10 and has a free 30-day trial.

What the program can do:

  • Find photo duplicates and similar images based on the actual content of the images
  • Scan for duplicates within the same folder or compare between two folders
  • Detecting duplicate photos in various formats: RAW, JPEG, J2K, BMP, GIF, PNG, TIFF, TGA
  • Select a custom similarity threshold to filter similar matches
  • Preview photos in the built-in image viewer
  • Classification and sorting of image files according to various criteria: name, date, size, width, height
  • Delete, copy, move files with one click
  • Automatically flag high or low quality images for subsequent operations
  • The program has a Russian-language interface (among dozens of other available languages)

Image Comparer Overview

Image Comparer™ introduces a completely new technology in how users can find duplicate photos. Unlike most duplicate finders, which search for duplicates by file name, file size and are unable to find similar files, Image Comparer™ can find similar files with any degree of similarity that can be specified by the user. Moreover, Image Comparer™ can analyze and recognize images by content, regardless of file name, format, image size, bit depth and object location. The program even recognizes rotated or inverted photos or photos with different shooting conditions. Innovative content-based photo comparison algorithm ensures phenomenal accuracy.

Image Comparer™ allows you to find duplicate photos in your computer collection and easily remove unnecessary photos. To start searching, simply launch the Compare Wizard, specify whether you need to search within one folder or compare two folders, and select the target directory to scan. You can also set your own image similarity level, which determines how accurately Image Comparer™ searches for similarities in files. By default, this parameter is set to 95%. Finally, you need to select a folder to save the results and click on the “Start” button to start the search.

Delete, copy, move files with one click

Image Comparer™ allows you to perform various actions with found duplicates. When scanning is complete, the program displays the comparison result - a list of photos in the gallery along with the ten most similar images for each selected photo. You can also view suspected duplicates in pairs, side by side. Each photo file entry contains detailed information about the image format, resolution and file size. You can select unnecessary files by checking the box and perform actions on them - copy them, move them to a separate folder, or simply delete them. There is also an option that allows you to automatically mark photo files with high and low quality.

Scan files in a variety of graphics formats

Image Comparer™ is capable of finding duplicates and similar images in various formats such as RAW, JPEG, J2K, BMP, GIF, PNG, TIFF, TGA and many more. The list of supported image files is regularly updated as new formats become available. Regardless of the file type, the program finds a duplicate incredibly quickly.

View photos directly from Image Comparer™

Image Comparer™ has a built-in photo viewer that lets you view photo thumbnails, so there's no need to leave the program and launch an external photo viewer. The photo viewer will help you make sure that you are going to delete the right files, and not just two versions of the same picture, both of which you want to keep.

Get started now!

Make your photo collection flawless! Download a trial version of Image Comparer™ and judge for yourself and see how easy it is to find duplicate photos and similar files using our dedicated duplicate photo finder.

Who will benefit most from Image Comparer™?

Image Comparer™ can be useful for anyone who stores photos on a computer. Here are some examples.

  • Professional photographers. As a photographer, you can automatically select a series of photos and select the best images from each. Especially for photographers, we have added support for the RAW image format.
  • Webmasters. Webmasters whose sites contain a lot of photos and graphics can use Image Comparer™ to organize images and remove duplicate photos that are taking up space on their hard drive.
  • Photo collectors. People who collect photos, digital images and desktop wallpapers can rely on Image Comparer™ to remove redundant or slightly altered files and make the collection unique.

Surely, any of us have duplicate files accumulated on our disk over time. Files in “Downloads” that you have downloaded several times, identical photographs and musical compositions lying in such depths that your hands simply cannot reach them. You can get rid of all this manually, but special utilities that search for identical files will work much faster for you.

A very popular “cleaner” that probably everyone has installed. Yes, it not only searches for system garbage and clears browser history and cookies, but also removes duplicate files.

Platforms: Windows, Mac.

Price: free, $24.95 for premium version.

The program searches for files with the same or similar names and identical content. Works well with music and can find identical music files even if they have different tags. In addition, dupeGuru can compare images to find not only identical, but simply similar photos.

Developed for Mac and Linux. The Windows version is no longer supported by the developer, but it can be downloaded from the official website - it is fully functional.

Platforms: Windows, Mac, Linux.

An advanced file search application that, among other things, can remove duplicates. SearchMyFiles has flexible filters so you can customize your search results the way you want.

Platforms: Windows.

A popular Mac application that searches for the same or similar files and shows you the difference between them. Copies in “Photos”, in the iTunes music library - nothing will pass by Gemini 2. The developers have announced a smart duplicate search mechanism that remembers which files you leave and what you decide to delete.

Platforms: Mac.

Although AllDup is free, it does a lot. Searches for, deletes, copies and moves duplicate files, including identical audio recordings with different tags. There is a flexible search setting. Using the built-in viewer, you can examine files and choose what to delete.

Platforms: Windows.

Duplicate File Finder quickly and efficiently finds duplicate files. Provides an interesting opportunity to search for duplicates not only on the hard drive, but also on the local network. Can work with images and music, comparing both tags and content. The preview function will help you figure out what to really delete and what to leave. Unfortunately, quite a few options are not available in the free version.

Platforms: Windows.

Price: free, $29.95 for premium version.

A universal file manager that can do anything with your files. Including finding duplicate files. You can enable the search for copies option on the search parameters tab, in the same place where you specify other attributes of the searched files.

Platforms: Windows.

DupeGuru looks like the most attractive option. It's free, but it offers all the necessary features to rid your drive of accumulated junk. The only sad thing is that development of the Windows version has been stopped. For Windows users who don't want to pay for commercial alternatives, AllDup is a better choice. CCleaner and Total Commander are more universal and widespread solutions that are probably already installed on everyone.