How to create an online radio station. Creating a free online radio with an auto DJ on the Radionomy service

There are a lot of services on the Internet that allow you to create your own radio channels, but they are all foreign, template and typical. We will tell you how to make your own Internet radio - your own “Pirate Station”. We will teach you how to broadcast from your home computer to the entire Internet. Because that's the real romance of a pirate radio station. True "old school"!

So, let's go. This article talks about how to create your own Internet radio with the ability to go on air.

In fact, it's no more difficult than making an audio clip - you'll need several programs. The first program that will be useful to you is the server. It is needed so that listeners can connect to your radio... We recommend using Icecast2. It can be downloaded from any free source. Now let's talk about setting it up... Let's start the server. In the window that appears at the top there is a Configuration line. Click on it. The server settings have opened. Of all this, we only need a few lines...

1)

Enter your password here and remember it

enter the same password as above

2)
Enter your nickname here
enter the password

We save the changes... The server setup is completed... Now to check, click Start Server. If everything is configured correctly, then a green sign with the inscription Running should appear on the right. Stop the server and close it...

Now we need a program for broadcasting radio on the Internet... We will use SAM Broadcaster 4, because... it is one of the most convenient for broadcasting in general and broadcasting on the Internet in particular... You can download it from any free source. Downloaded. Let's launch.

Now we have to configure Sam...

A window with several signs has appeared in front of you... Now let's remove the extra ones and add the ones we need... On the top panel of Sam there is the inscription Window. Click and check the boxes only against Clock (optional), Statistic relays, Encoders, Volume, Voice FX, Deck A, Deck B, History, Queue, Playlist. The remaining checkboxes can be unchecked. Now to the setup. In the Encoders window, click the black cross on the panel. Select mp3PRO. In the window that opens, in the Format field, select the sound quality of the music (depending on the number of listeners, computer power and Internet connection speed). Next, at the top of the window, switch to Server Details. In Server Type, select IceCast. Below we select IceCast 2. Server IP - write the Internet IP. For those who don’t know, you can find out at http://2ip.ru/. Server Port - 8000. Password - the password that was entered when setting up the server. Mount - /live. Station name - nickname that was entered in the server settings.

Well, that's basically all. Click OK. We minimize Sam and turn on the server (forget to click Start Server). We minimize the server and expand Sam. You now have a string in the Encoders field. Click on it once and click on the black triangle (to the right of the black plus). If everything is configured correctly, Sam will connect to the server. Now let's check... Add several songs or audiobooks to the Queue field. Double click on the first one and playback will begin. In the Volume window, turn off the sound. Go to the audio player, click add URL. Enter http://your IP:8000/live.

Turn it on.

If the player starts playing, congratulations, you have your own “pirate” radio for free, but if not, then re-read the article from the beginning and do everything according to the instructions...

Good luck in creating your own radio, and our service will be happy to help you create its individual style and videos.

Use of all text or its fragments is permitted only with a link to this page.

To answer this question, you first need to ask yourself why you need to make this radio station and what it will be like. But if you have already drawn this little “business plan” in your head for a long time, then “welcome to the cut” to studying the mathematical part.

Facing the people

The face of any Internet project is its Internet page. Armed with the WHOIS service, we are looking for a beautiful and simple address for the site. It would not be amiss to remind you that the closer the address is to the name, the simpler its spelling and the fewer possible incorrect spellings, the better.
Have you chosen an address? Great! We order hosting.
For the website to work successfully, we need 3 simple things:

• SQL database
• Engine

About the engine:
Here everyone has the right to choose what suits them best, but I’ll immediately note that Joomla will be the best for implementing the site (no matter how many options I have tried on Wordpress and Drupal, it’s very difficult to come up with an implementation on these engines). I will tell you more about ways to fill it with content and tricks for implementation in the following articles.

Combat server

Yes, it was not by chance that I wrote earlier that a site needs hosting, because on a combat broadcast server we will have every kilobit of speed on our account, and “eating away” by displaying content of this most important resource for us is an unaffordable luxury.
And now a simple formula that will become an eyesore for us in the future:
Channel capacity/broadcast quality=number of simultaneous listeners.
In other words, if our Internet channel is 100Mb/s, and we plan to broadcast at a quality of 128Kb/s, then a total of 800 people will fit in (believe me, this is a very large audience for a start-up project).

Which server to choose?

I spent hours scouring the Internet for a solution to this question, and the solution was not long in coming. A virtual server is the best choice in this situation.
First: By default it has a static IP address.
Secondly: It has a fairly high-speed connection, although with one small amendment - the speed is divided by all the inhabitants of this physical machine, which means our 800 people can be safely divided by 5 (although it is possible that this figure will be very different, because the load on other servers can also be quite high).
Our research does not require a powerful processor or a lot of RAM. The radioserver configuration allows you to successfully use negligible resources; our main selection criterion is the connection speed.

Windows or Linux

As such, when choosing a server, what operating system will be installed does not matter. Solutions for deploying a radio server are available for both Win 32/64 and *nix. I’ll just note that when implemented on Windows you will have more options, and on Linux it will be cheaper to maintain.

IceCast2 or ShoutCast

The heart of our server is the broadcaster. It is to this that all audio streams, both incoming and outgoing, are connected. And here you need to make an informed choice, because the entire future broadcasting system and its support will be built on this. Both products have all the amenities that are needed to organize the broadcast. Both products are cross-platform and require certain skills in communicating with configuration files, fortunately, they are accompanied by impressive documentation (in English).

Setting up the broadcaster

Each radio requires very specialized settings. The configurations indicate names, flow parameters, switching rules, security, etc. After configuration, do not forget to set an exception in the firewall for the port on which the broadcast is performed.

Sound on air

There are 3 ways to send sound to a channel:

• Rayleigh
• Autobroadcaster
• Live broadcast

Moreover, the last two differ from each other only in that one is conducted by a robot (or the broadcast is carried out according to a pre-prepared sheet), and the second by a living person.
But with Rayleigh everything is more interesting. Let's look at all the methods:

Rayleigh is a forwarding point. She takes a ready-made radio station link and distributes it to everyone who connects to it. Thus, having such a relay, you can rebroadcast radio stations to local networks, fill up empty time on your broadcasts and expand the capacity of your own radio station. (I’ll tell you more about how to gracefully increase the capacity of one channel by 2 or more times in the following articles). Also, this point is extremely important if you do not have very powerful server resources, and hosts change very often.

Autobroadcaster and Live Broadcast - quite a few programs are suitable for this role, but I will highlight the most common:
Windows

• RadioBoss
• SamBroadcaster
• Winamp+plugin for ShoutCast

Linux

• phpCast
• PulseAudio*

(*) - PulseAudio server has built-in mechanisms for transmitting audio streams

Results:

In this article I described the key points in creating Internet radio
The installation and configuration of the radio server itself takes no more than 15 minutes. Much more time is spent on debugging certain functions, because... It is impossible to manually monitor the status of the project 24 hours a day.

The simplest radio receivers are not suitable for catching the FM range, frequency modulation. Common people say: this is where the name comes from. In English we interpret the letter FM as frequency modulation. A clearly expressed meaning is important for readers to understand: the simplest radio receiver, assembled with your own hands from rubbish, will not accept FM. The question of necessity arises: the cell phone picks up the broadcast. Electronic equipment has a similar capability built into it. Far from civilization, people still want to catch broadcasts the old-fashioned way - they almost said with dental crowns - by constructing efficient devices for listening to their favorite programs. For free…

Detector simplest radio receiver: basics

The story touched on dental fillings for a reason. Steel (metal) is capable of converting ethereal waves into current, copying the simplest radio receiver, the jaw begins to vibrate, the bones of the ear detect the signal encrypted on the carrier. With amplitude modulation, the high frequency repeats the speaker's voice, music, and sound in scope. The useful signal contains a certain spectrum, which is difficult for a layman to understand; it is important that when adding the components, a certain law of time is obtained, following which the speaker of a simple radio receiver reproduces the broadcast. At the dips, the jaw bone freezes, silence reigns, and the ear hears the peaks. God forbid, of course, you should have a simple radio receiver.

The reverse piezoelectric effect changes the geometric dimensions of the bones according to the law of electromagnetic waves. A promising direction: a human radio receiver.

The Soviet Union was famous for launching a space rocket, ahead of the rest, for scientific research. Union times encouraged degrees. The luminaries have brought a lot of benefit here - designing radios - and earn decent money over the hill. The films promoted the smart, not the wealthy; it is not surprising that the magazines are full of various developments. A series of modern lessons on creating simple radios, available on YouTube, is based on magazines published in 1970. Let’s be careful not to deviate from traditions; we will describe our own vision of the situation in the amateur radio industry.

The concept of a personal electronic computer was developed by Soviet engineers. The party leadership recognized the idea as unpromising. Efforts are devoted to building giant computer centers. It is too much for a worker to master a personal computer at home. Funny? Today you will encounter more amusing situations. Then they complain - America is shrouded in glory, printing dollars. AMD, Intel - have you heard? Made in USA.

Everyone can make a simple radio receiver with their own hands. An antenna is not needed, there is a good stable broadcast signal. The diode is soldered to the terminals of high-impedance headphones (discard computer ones), all that remains is to ground one end. To be fair, let’s say the trick will work with the good old Soviet-made D2, the taps are so massive that they will serve as an antenna. We get the earth in the simplest radio receiver by leaning one leg of the radio element against a heating radiator that has been stripped of paint. Otherwise, the decorative layer, being the dielectric of the capacitor formed by the leg and metal of the battery, will change the nature of the operation. Try it.

The authors of the video noticed: there seems to be a signal, represented by an unimaginable jumble of rustles and meaningful sounds. The simplest radio receiver lacks selectivity. Anyone can understand and understand the term. When we set up the receiver, we catch the desired wave. Remember, we discussed the spectrum. The ether contains a bunch of waves at the same time, you will catch the one you need by narrowing the search range. There is selectivity in the simplest radio receiver. In practice, it is implemented by an oscillatory circuit. Known from physics lessons, it is formed by two elements:

• Capacitor (capacitance).
• Inductor.

Let's take a moment to study the details; the elements are equipped with reactance. Due to this, waves of different frequencies have unequal attenuation as they pass by. However, there is some resonance. For a capacitor, the reactance in the diagram is directed in one direction, for an inductance - in the other, and the frequency dependence is displayed. Both impedances are subtracted. At a certain frequency, the components equalize, and the reactance of the circuit drops to zero. Resonance sets in. The selected frequency and adjacent harmonics pass through.

The physics course shows the process of choosing the bandwidth of a resonant circuit. Determined by the attenuation level (3 dB below maximum). Let us present the theory, guided by which a person can assemble a simple radio receiver with his own hands. In parallel with the first diode, a second one is added, connected oppositely. It is soldered in series to the headphones. The antenna is separated from the structure by a 100 pF capacitor. Let us note here: the diodes are endowed with pn-junction capacitance, minds apparently calculated the reception conditions, which capacitor is included in the simplest radio receiver endowed with selectivity.

We believe we will slightly deviate from the truth when we say: the range will affect the HF or SV regions. Multiple channels will be received. The simplest radio receiver is a purely passive design, devoid of an energy source; one should not expect great achievements.

A few words about why we were discussing remote nooks where radio amateurs crave experiments. In nature, physicists have noticed the phenomena of refraction and diffraction, both of which allow radio waves to deviate from their direct course. Let's call the first rounding obstacles, the horizon moves away, giving way to broadcasting, the second - refraction by the atmosphere.

LW, SW and HF are caught at a considerable distance, the signal will be weak. Therefore, the simplest radio receiver discussed above is a touchstone.

The simplest radio receiver with amplification

In the considered design of the simplest radio receiver, low-impedance headphones cannot be used; the load resistance directly determines the level of transmitted power. Let's first improve the performance using a resonant circuit, then add a battery to a simple radio receiver, creating a low-frequency amplifier:

• The selective circuit consists of a capacitor and inductor. The magazine recommends that the simplest radio receiver include a variable capacitor with an adjustment range of 25 - 150 pF; the inductance must be made according to the instructions. A ferromagnetic rod with a diameter of 8 mm is wound evenly with 120 turns, covering 5 cm of the core. A copper wire coated with varnish insulation with a diameter of 0.25 - 0.3 mm is suitable. We provided readers with the address of the resource where you can calculate the inductance by entering numbers. The audience can independently find, using Yandex, and calculate the number of mH of inductance. The formulas for calculating the resonant frequency are also well known, therefore, while remaining at the screen, you can imagine the tuning channel of a simple radio receiver. The instructional video suggests making a variable coil. It is necessary to push out and push in the core inside the frame with wound turns of wire. The position of the ferrite determines the inductance. Calculate the range using the help of the program; YouTube craftsmen suggest that when winding a coil, draw conclusions every 50 turns. Since there are about 8 taps, we conclude: the total number of revolutions exceeds 400. You change the inductance in steps, and fine-tune the core. Let's add to this: the antenna for the radio receiver is decoupled from the rest of the circuit by a capacitor with a capacity of 51 pF.

• The second point you need to know is that a bipolar transistor also has p-n junctions, and even two. It’s appropriate to use a collector instead of a diode. As for the emitter junction, it is grounded. DC power is then applied to the collector directly through the headphones. The operating point is not selected, so the result is somewhat unexpected; patience will be required until the radio receiver is perfected. The battery also greatly influences the choice. We consider the headphone resistance to be collector resistance, which determines the slope of the transistor's output characteristic. But these are subtleties, for example, the resonant circuit will also have to be rebuilt. Even with a simple diode replacement, let alone the introduction of a transistor. That is why it is recommended to conduct experiments gradually. And the simplest radio receiver without amplification will not work at all for many.

How to make a radio receiver that would allow the use of simple headphones. Connect via a transformer, similar to the one at the subscriber point. A tube radio differs from a semiconductor radio in that in any case it requires power to operate (filament filaments).

Vacuum devices take a long time to reach operating mode. Semiconductors are ready to accept immediately. Don't forget: germanium does not tolerate temperatures above 80 degrees Celsius. If necessary, provide cooling for the structure. At first, this is necessary until you select the size of the radiators. Use fans from a personal computer, processor coolers.

If you are planning to create and open a radio, then you are on the right track. In addition, finding a sponsor for your radio project will not be difficult: today radio and radio frequencies are a profitable business, comparable to purchasing apartments. Therefore, many businessmen are happy to invest their money in the radio business and make a profit from advertising on existing radio stations or leased frequencies.

How to open FM radio - step by step instructions

Let's look at an example of step-by-step instructions for those who do not know how to open a radio.

Concept

First of all, we transfer our brilliant idea from our heads to paper - we draw up a radio business plan. Our goal is to interest people in our project who can become sponsors. Therefore, this point must be approached with all responsibility. First of all, we carefully prescribe the originality of the idea and the format of the future radio station. Next, we show the potential investor all the costs (equipment, wages), ways to earn money from the radio, expected profits and, most importantly, the time frame within which the company will reach self-sufficiency.

Registration of a legal entity

We obtain the status of a legal entity. This is the requirement of the legislation of the Russian Federation for obtaining a radio broadcasting license.

Find out the exact coordinates

We determine the exact coordinates of the transmitter location down to latitude and longitude. You will need to report this data, as well as the broadcast radius and power of the radio device, to the Main Radio Frequency Center.

Documents for opening a radio

We proceed to the most important point of the program - collecting documents for opening a radio. It is best at this stage to contact the specialists of the subsidiary company of the Main Radio Frequency Center. It must be said that these services are expensive, but it’s worth it: it’s unlikely that you yourself will be able to coordinate all your documents with military units and research institutes of the Ministry of Defense.

Broadcast Frequency Development

If there are free frequencies within the FM range (87.5 - 108.0 MHz), then you may receive a GRCH conclusion with the frequency you desire for broadcasting. By the way, do not think that the higher it is, the better the radio broadcasting. Most often it happens like this: with identical transmitters, for example 4 W, and equal antenna suspension, the range of the device at a frequency of 87.5 will be greater than 107.9.

If you are unlucky, there is no free frequency, frequency development begins. However, it often happens that besides you, someone else (another radio) is claiming the frequency. In this case, a competition is announced.

Broadcasting competition

The competition is held only in regions with a population of more than 200 thousand people twice a year. All information about him can be obtained on the website of the Independent Radio Broadcasting Foundation radioportal.ru. In addition, know that the competition can be won by a person who does not intend to open a radio and broadcast in the near future. He rents out the frequency, and this is a very profitable business.

Registering your radio as a media outlet

Next, you issue a certificate of registration of the radio channel depending on the broadcast radius: in the territorial or, when broadcasting to several regions of the Russian Federation, in the central branch of Roskomnadzor. Within 30 days, undergo a uniqueness test for the name of your radio station and after that you will receive a certificate. Don't forget that you must start broadcasting within a year to ensure your certificate is not liquidated.

We obtain a license for radio broadcasting

The next step is to obtain a radio broadcasting license. You prepare a program concept for broadcasting your radio, a package of documents and, together with a covering letter, submit it to the same Roskomnadzor body, which will issue this license.

We obtain a license for communication services for the purpose of broadcasting

In addition, you receive another license from Roskomnadzor - an operator's license - by submitting the appropriate application and a package of necessary documents.

Obtaining permission to use selected radio frequencies

And one more document that, upon your application, Roskomnadzor will issue you is permission to use the radio frequency for 10 years, which is indicated in the conclusion of the Main Radio Frequency Center.

Registering the radio transmitter

All documents are in the territorial office of Roskomnadzor, you have the last document - a certificate of registration of your radio transmitter.

We buy equipment

You look for premises, install a radio transmitter and on-air equipment, undergo testing during the temporary broadcast period, receive the right to engage in commercial activities and, finally, launch for good! Almost everything! You can breathe out! Or, on the contrary, is everything just beginning?!

It turns out that creating your own radio station is not an easy matter. You have to go through a difficult path of passing authorities and collecting documents in order to open a radio. But believe me: it's worth it!

Prepared based on the material www.getonair.ru , by Yuliana Romanova.

We will talk about how to make the simplest and cheapest radio transmitter that anyone who doesn’t even understand anything about electronics can assemble.

Reception of such a radio transmitter occurs on a regular radio receiver (on a landline or in a mobile phone), at a frequency of 90-100 MHz. In our case, it will work as a radio extender for headphones from a TV. The radio transmitter is connected via an audio plug to the TV via a headphone jack.

It can be used for different purposes, for example:
1) wireless headphone extender
2) Radio nanny
3) A bug for eavesdropping and so on.

To make it we will need:
1) Soldering iron
2) Wires
3) Audio plug 3.5 mm
4) Batteries
5) Copper varnished wire
6) Glue (Moment or epoxy) but it may not be needed
7) Old boards from a radio or TV (if any)
8) A piece of simple textolite or thick cardboard

Here is his circuit, it is powered by 3-9 volts

The list of radio parts for the circuit is in the photo; they are very common and finding them will not be difficult. Part AMS1117 is not needed (just ignore it)

The coil should be wound according to the following parameters (7-8 turns with a wire with a diameter of 0.6-1 mm, on a mandrel 5mm, I wound it on a drill 5mm)

The ends of the coil must be cleaned of varnish.

A battery housing was used as a housing for the transmitter.

Everything inside was cleaned. For ease of installation

Next, we take the textolite, cut it and drill a lot of holes (it’s better to drill more holes, it will be easier to assemble)

Now we solder all the components according to the diagram

Take the audio plug

And solder the wires to it, which are shown in the diagram as (input)

Next, place the board in the case (it is most reliable to glue it) and connect the battery

Now we connect our transmitter to the TV. On the FM receiver we find a free frequency (one on which there is no radio station) and tune our transmitter to this wave. This is done by a tuned capacitor. We slowly turn it until we hear sound from the TV on the FM receiver.

Our transmitter is ready for use. To make it easier to set up the transmitter, I made a hole in the body

Also, instead of an audio plug, you can put a microphone and then our transmitter will turn into a bug or a radio nanny. We place the transmitter in the room with the child, and set up a radio in the kitchen and listen to what the child is doing there.