Google Sergey Brin. History of Google (Google) - a world-famous company

Sergey Brin is the man who, together with Larry Page, created the world's most popular search engine, Google.

early years

Internet entrepreneur and computer specialist Sergei Mikhailovich Brin was born on August 21, 1973 in Russia, Moscow. In 1971, Brin, who came from a family of Soviet mathematicians and economists, escaping persecution of Jews, emigrated with his family to the United States. After receiving a degree in mathematics and computer engineering from the University of Maryland at College Park, Brin attended Stanford University, where he met Larry Page. At that time, both were defending their doctoral dissertations in computer technology.

Google

At Stanford University, Brin and Page are starting a research project to create a search engine that sorts information by the popularity of the pages being searched, based on the findings that the most popular pages are, in most cases, the most useful. They call their search engine “Google” - from the mathematical term “googol”, which means the number 10 raised to the hundredth power - wanting to express their intention to organize the huge amount of information available on the Internet.

Having collected start-up capital of one million US dollars with the help of family, friends and investors, in 1998 the friends founded their own company. Headquartered in the heart of Silicon Valley in California, in August 2004, Brin and Page introduced Google to the public, which made its creators billionaires. Since then, Google has become the most popular search engine in the world, receiving, according to 2013 data, 5.9 billion requests per day.

The birth of YouTube

In 2006, Google acquired YouTube, the most popular website for broadcasting user-generated videos, for $1.65 billion.

In March 2013, Brin was ranked 21st on the Forbes list of billionaires and 14th on the list of American billionaires. According to Forbes.com as of September 2013, Brin's network is valued at $24.4 billion. Brin currently serves as Google's Director of Special Projects and continues to oversee the company's operations alongside Page, Google's CEO, and Eric Schmidt, Google's chief executive.

Quotes

“Big problems are much easier to solve than small ones.”

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“10 steps to the first million in the information business” Google

, Yandex, mail.ru, rambler - search engines without which we cannot imagine ours. According to 2014 data, the most popular search engine in Russia is Yandex, slightly inferior to Google in popularity, followed by mail.ru, rambler and bing with a large lag.

But in Ukraine and Belarus, Google takes an honorable first place, as in the rest of the world, where it accounts for 68% of the market, followed by Baidu, Yahoo, Yandex, Bing, AOL, ASK with a large lag.

This article will talk about Google and the history of its creation. Google is also notable for the fact that our former compatriot, now living in the United States of America, Sergey Brin, took part in its creation. The search engine dates back to 1997.

So, 17 years of work, whether this is a lot or a little, considering that the development of this search system began from a small garage, and subsequently made the creators billionaires and by 2003 it became famous all over the world, is probably not much.

So, Google was created by Sergey Brin and Lawrence Page. By creating this search system, Sergey and Lawrence tried to fulfill their dream of systematizing all the information available on the network. They met at Stanford University, where they both studied.

They did not immediately like each other, since they were both smart and talented and always got into arguments, but these disputes soon brought them closer and they became good friends. Both have been interested in computers since childhood.

Sergei Brin got his first computer when he was 9 years old. Lawrence Page's father, Carl Page, was a very famous computer scientist at the time, so hardware was his main hobby from childhood. They tell the story of how little Lawrence assembled a printer from Lego parts. At first Lawrence Page

Graduated with honors from the University of Michigan, after which he decided to continue his studies at Stanford, where he met Sergei Brin.

Google founder Sergey Brin.

Biography of Sergei Brin

It must be said that Sergei subsequently thanked his father more than once for moving his family to the USA, even when, as an adult, he visited Russia, it did not make a good impression on him, so his childhood fears and desire remained in him throw stones at a police car.

Sergei Brin's parents were from a scientific background; they graduated from Moscow University, Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics.

Sergei's father, a candidate of physical and mathematical sciences, became a teacher at the University of Maryland in the USA, where he later became an honorary professor. Sergei’s mother in the USA worked for NASA as a climate specialist.

University of Maryland and Sergei graduated early, and then entered Stanford University. The idea of ​​automatically searching for information on the Internet came to Sergei a long time ago.

At Stanford, he created a program to automatically search the Internet for photographs of models from Playboy magazine; students really liked this program, but Sergei soon had to remove it, as they say his girlfriend didn’t like it.

Since 1995, Brin and Page have been working together to create a completely new search program for the Internet.

The principle of its operation is that the more visits a site has and links to it, the more complete information it contains and is ranked higher by the search engine than others.

So Page and Brin begin work on their brainchild, which will later become the most popular search engine in the world.

In the meantime, their project is partially financed by the university, and Sergey and Lawrence themselves find part of the money for the development of their project.

Page turned his dorm room into the location of a huge server on which he studied. And Brin sets up something like an office in his room and starts promoting his system.

Young people patented their system. There were attempts to sell the work, however, no one believed that a search engine could bring in huge amounts of money.

By the way, George Bell, the same one who did not advise young people to develop their search site, and soon went bankrupt to start an email site. The project was enthusiastically received by university students.

Gradually, the project acquired its name Google, this is an imprecise spelling of the word googol, which in mathematics means ten to the hundredth power. With this word, the creators wanted to reflect what a huge amount of information their system can structure.

Thanks to their project, Page and Brin get the opportunity to teach at Stanford, they began giving lectures there in 1998, in which they talked about how to analyze and search data on the Internet.

The university management did not like the fact that Sergei and Lawrence's search engine was eating up half of its traffic, and Brin and Page decided to leave the university and open their own company.

The only question was money. Andy Bechtolsteim, founder of Sun Microsystems and Granite Systems, gives them 100 thousand dollars. Brin and Page leave Stanford and settle in a garage in Menlo Park, California.

Now Google has its own domain name google.com and Google Inc. is registered.

Soon the garage became insufficient, new employees and, more importantly, new investments appeared. Google first moves to premises in Palo Alto, and Mike Moritz and John Derr (representatives of large investors who previously worked with Amazon and Yahoo!) appear on the board of directors.

And after some time, Google begins construction of its own Googleplex building.

In 2000, Google expanded beyond the United States. Their clients include British, Italian, Korean, Chinese, and South American portals.

Google already has branches in Tokyo and Hamburg. Sergey Brin is actively involved in the creation of the Russified version.

He speaks excellent Russian and even gives interviews to Russian journalists in his native language. Being one of the presidents of the company, he is mainly involved in organizational matters.

Google employees have the right to engage in scientific activities; their offices always have free drinks, tea and coffee, as well as an excellent canteen.

They are also entitled to a portion of the company's shares. The more Google grew, the more privacy issues it encountered.

So, when creating Google Earth, the program included an image of the roof of the White House, which could have harmed its safety. There were also private lawsuits.

So, some home owners did not like the fact that they were exposed to everyone in detail in the Google Street Vew program.

In 2013, the well-known Edward Snowden said that the American government received confidential information about users through Google, Yahoo and Facebook.

However, the company’s lawyer, David Damond, explained this by saying that the information did not give the American government direct access to users’ personal data.

Google is a dynamically developing company; in 2010, voice search became available to Russian users. In 2013, the Google Glass project was demonstrated.

These are glasses that allow you to access the Internet, make mobile communications and shoot video in good resolution. Google Glass has also caused a lot of controversy, and its use is prohibited in some public places.

Google is so popular that a new verb has appeared - to google, which means to search for something on the Internet.

However, the creators of the brand themselves are against applying this word to all information, but only when using the Google search engine. And this word appeared with the light hand of Page himself.

Google is a global brand with many applications and services, such as YouTube, Google AdSense, Google Analytics.

Since my readers are bloggers, people interested in making money on the Internet, selling information products, information businessmen, they will be interested in the fact that they can make money on Google services.

Read about making money using YouTube in my article; about making money on Google AdSense, see Dmitry Pecherkin’s free training course “10 steps to a profitable business on Google AdSense.”

Sergey Brin He was not modest in his statements about Russia:

• “Russia is Nigeria in the snow. Do you really like the idea of ​​a bunch of crazy cowboys controlling the world's energy supply?"
• “Thank you to my father for taking us out of this country.”

However, later, in his defense, he said that these statements were due to drinking too much wine.

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In 1995, Larry Page was going to enroll in a master's program at Stanford University. The student who was supposed to show Larry the university was Sergei Brin.

According to some reports, on the day they met they disagreed on almost all issues, but a year later they began working on a joint project - the Backrub search engine. It was based on the idea that the importance of an individual web page increases the more other pages link to it.

Soon the Backrub system was renamed Google. This name is a reference to the number "googol" - a one followed by a hundred zeros. It symbolizes the desire of the creators to organize all information on the Internet and provide convenient access to it.

In just a couple of years, Google's system attracted the attention of not only the scientific community, but also investors in Silicon Valley. In August 1998, Sun Microsystems co-founder Andy Bechtolsheim wrote Larry and Sergey a check for $100,000. Google Inc. was founded with this money. Young entrepreneurs no longer needed to live in a dorm, and they set up their first office - a garage on the outskirts of Menlo Park, California. The garage belonged to Susan Wojcicki, who is now the CEO of YouTube. The interior of the new office consisted of bulky computers, a ping-pong table and bright blue carpet. The tradition of colorful design of Google offices continues.

Google has always been different from others. The first server was made from Lego parts, and first doodle(1998) informed website visitors that all Google employees were taking the day off to attend the Burning Man festival. With all our extraordinary approach to work, we strictly follow our motto “Don’t be evil” and Google's ten principles. At the turn of the millennium, the company expanded rapidly. Many developers were hired, a team of sales specialists was formed, and even the first corporate pet appeared - a dog named Yoshka. The garage became crowded, so the company moved to a new office in Mountain View. Today it houses Google's headquarters, also known as the Googleplex. We took a non-standard approach to work with us to the new place. And Yoshka.

Today, like 20 years ago, we are looking for better solutions. We have more than 60,000 employees in 50 countries. Our products, including YouTube, Android, Smartbox and Google Search are used by billions of people around the world. Of course, we stopped making servers out of Lego bricks and got a few more dogs, but rest assured, our desire to change the world for the better remains the same.

Google LLC.
Type	Public company
Exchange listing	NASDAQ: GOOG
Base	4 September
Founders	Sergey Brin And Larry Page
Location	USA USA: Mountain View, California
Key figures	Larry Page - founder Sergey Brin - founder Sundar Pichai - CEO
Industry	Internet
Products	see List of Google services and tools
Equity	▲ $92.137 billion (2017)
Turnover	▼ $59.097 billion (2017)
Operating profit	▼ $14.242 billion (2017)
Net profit	▲ $14.842 billion (2017)
Assets	▲ $131.133 billion (2014)
Number of employees	▲ 85,050 (Q1 2018)
Parent company	Alphabet Inc.
Affiliated companies	YouTube, DoubleClick, On2 Technologies, Google Voice, Picnik, Aardvark, AdMob
Website	google.com​(English)
Google on Wikimedia Commons

Google operates more than a million servers in data centers around the world and processes more than one billion search queries and 24 petabytes of user data every day. Google's rapid growth since its founding has led to the emergence of a large number of products that are not directly related to the company's main product - the search engine. Google has online products such as the Gmail email service and the Google+ social network. The company also has desktop products such as the Google Chrome browser, the photo program Picasa and the instant messaging program Hangouts. In addition, Google is developing the Android mobile operating system, used on a large number of smartphones, as well as the Google Chrome OS operating system and Google Glass devices. According to Alexa, Google's main site - google.com - is the most visited site on the Internet, and numerous international Google sites (google.co.in, google.co.uk, etc.) are in the top hundred in terms of traffic, as are Several other Google service sites are YouTube, Blogger and Orkut. In May 2011, the number of unique monthly visitors to Google sites exceeded 1 billion for the first time.

According to BrandZ, Google is the most powerful brand in the world, and according to Brand-Finance, the most valuable brand in the world in 2011. In 2011, Google was recognized as the company with the best reputation in the United States, ahead of Microsoft, Sony and other companies. The dominant position of Google's services in the market has led to criticism of the company over issues of privacy, copyright and censorship.

On April 23, 2018, 118 out of 1002 known IP addresses used by Google services were blocked in Russia. The domains google.com, google.ru, YouTube services, reCAPTCHA and AdSense have become unavailable to users in different parts of Russia.

Story

Management

In July 2001, at the invitation of the company's founders, Eric Schmidt took over the positions of Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer of Google.

On April 4, 2011, Larry Page became chief executive officer. Eric Schmidt remains chairman of the board of directors of Google.

As of June 20, 2010, Page, Brin and Eric Schmidt owned approximately 91% of the Class B shares, which collectively provide holders with 68% of the voting power. The triumvirate has a decisive influence in resolving all issues within the competence of shareholders.

In 2015, as a result of the reorganization of Google and the creation of the Alphabet holding company, Sundar Pichai became the CEO of the company.

Shareholders

Corporate culture

In 2013, Google topped Fortune's annual list of the 100 Best Employers in the United States for the fourth time.

Google had a “20 percent” program, under which engineers could spend 20% of their time on projects that were not part of their job responsibilities. However, since 2011, the company has embarked on a path to becoming as efficient as possible and has abandoned this program.

Hiring

When hiring new employees, they are assessed, among other things, for their ability to work in the existing corporate culture, in particular in a flat organizational structure and a rapidly changing environment. The successful candidate must be talented, creative and passionate, ethical, open-minded and able to impress without a business suit.

Millions of resumes submitted online are first processed automatically, identifying those who could potentially be a good fit for the company.

In an effort to attract talent, the company hosts a Google Code Jam tournament among college students. At this tournament, programmers compete in solving problems against the clock. The 15 finalists are invited to Google headquarters for the final round.

In January 2018, former technician James Damore filed a lawsuit accusing Google of discriminating against employees based on skin color and political views. James Damore himself was fired after making allegations of gender inequality.

Project "Oxygen"

Google spent two years conducting a large-scale study called Project Oxygen, the goal of which was to develop its own model of a good leader. As a result, in March 2011, the following most important qualities of a good leader, according to Google, were published:

Services and tools

Charity

In 2004, Google created a non-profit charitable offshoot - Google.org (Google Foundation), with a start-up capital of about $1 billion. The main activities of this organization are to inform society and help solve problems in the areas of climate change, global health and poverty. One of his first projects is work in the field of hybrid and electric vehicles.

In 2007, Google became a sponsor and active participant in several gay pride parades in San Francisco, New York, Dublin and Madrid.

In 2008, Google introduced the “10^100 Project,” in which everyone can propose ideas and then jointly choose the one that will change the world and help as many people as possible. At the start of voting, more than 150 thousand ideas were proposed from people from 170 countries. 16 groups of ideas took part in the voting, from which up to 5 were selected, to help in the implementation of which Google allocated $10 million.

Google and society

Violation of the right to privacy

Google first began having problems with human rights violations in 2005. When creating Google Earth maps, images of the roof of the American White House were used, which poses a threat to the national security of the United States. The American public was deeply outraged that potential terrorists were given a chance to closely examine the White House rooftop defense systems.

The next high-profile scandal associated with Google was a lawsuit against this company by the American Boring family from Pennsylvania. In 2008, the Boring couple accused Google of violating their privacy. Images of a couple's house and swimming pool were used to create global virtual city maps on Google Street View. The Borings immediately filed a lawsuit and demanded $25,000 from Google as compensation for moral damages caused. However, their first claim was not satisfied. However, the litigation continued, and in 2010, the Borings received compensation from the company in the amount of $1. However, Google representatives said: “Unfortunately, absolute privacy does not exist in the modern world, because there are satellite images that take pictures of everything, regardless of the signs “private territory.” However, the company's specialists can remove images from their server if they are asked to do so privately.

The American National Law and Policy Center (NLPC) also spoke out against Google. As evidence of the service's violation of private rights, members of the center provided information about one of the Google executives, collected using the company's services in less than half an hour - images of his house, license plates of cars parked near him, the name of a company engaged in landscaping his territory, and even the name of a security company , whose clients are his neighbors.

Due to the large number of claims against the company, Eric Schmidt stated in 2009: “If you don’t want anyone to find out unnecessary information about you, then first of all, don’t do anything reprehensible. […] In fact, search engines, including Google, retain this information for a period of time. We are all subject to the authorities of the United States, so it is possible that we may have to disclose information to government officials.

In 2010, a new scandal involving Google received great public attention. It became known that while working on the Street View service, the company scanned the IP addresses and passwords of citizens. While filming the streets and squares of different cities from special vehicles equipped with video cameras, Google specialists also scanned the signal of wireless Wi-Fi networks. As a result, the company received passwords and other confidential information necessary to log into the email of individuals and legal entities. Google representatives agreed that they made a big mistake, thus violating the right to privacy, and apologized. However, they stated that they were not aware of the problem until the German authorities approached them with complaints in this regard. Google experts assured that the private information received was not used in the search engine.

In the summer of 2013, thanks to former American intelligence officer Edward Snowden, it became known that the American government was paying Google, Yahoo, Microsoft and Facebook millions of dollars for disclosing information about Internet users (as part of the PRISM program). The costs, according to the documents, were covered by a division of the National Security Agency known as the Special Sources Division. In response, Google's chief lawyer, David Drummond, published an open letter on the company's blog addressed to the US Attorney General and the Director of the FBI, in which he asked for permission to publish detailed information about government requests, including requests based on the Surveillance Act, in a regular transparency report. over the activities of foreign intelligence services (FISA). According to Drummond, responses to these requests did not provide the US government with direct access to user data.

Currently, Google is seriously criticized for human rights violations associated with the implementation of the Google Glass project. Wearing Google glasses is already prohibited in American movie theaters, casinos and strip clubs. Their owners fear that visitors wearing such glasses will record what is happening on video. In addition, the decision to ban glasses may soon be made by American banks and park directorates. Google representatives have not yet commented on this situation.

On August 5, 2014, Google informed US law enforcement agencies that one of the users of its subsidiary mail service Gmail had stored pornographic photographs of children, after which the user was arrested.

Participation in the affairs of foreign countries

Some Google experts took part in the events of the Arab Spring, advocating for democratic values ​​and the protection of human rights. Thus, Google's marketing director for the Middle East and North Africa, Wail Ghonim, advocated the overthrow of the Hosni Mubarak regime in Egypt during the unrest in the country in 2011. He created a page on the social network Facebook, where he condemned the violence against Egyptian citizens by the ruling government and coordinated the actions of the demonstrators. Ghonim described the Egyptian protest movement as a "Facebook revolution" and noted that the Internet played an extremely important role in it.

In addition, shortly after the events of the Arab Spring, Google representatives announced that they were working to facilitate access to the company's information and products in the Middle East and North Africa. In this regard, the American company's goal is to provide access to even more of its products in Arabic. In 2011, the company launched an Arabic version of Google Voice and Google+ and featured two museums located in Qatar (the Museum of Islamic Art and the Mathaf Arab Museum of Contemporary Art) in the +Art Project, and in 2012 invited the President of Tunisia to speak via the Google+ Hangout On video broadcasting service. Air. Google also has serious complaints against the Chinese leadership in connection with attempts to limit the access of Chinese citizens to information on the Internet.

To google

Due to the popularity of the search engine, a neologism appeared in the English language to google or to Google(analogue in Russian computer slang - google), used to refer to searching for information on the Internet using Google. It is with this definition that the verb is included in the most authoritative dictionaries of the English language -

Even 20 years ago it was still difficult to imagine that computers would become so firmly entrenched in the everyday life of every person.

Work, relax, communicate - all this can be done using a device with Internet access. And being on the World Wide Web and not knowing what Google is is the same as living in Paris and missing the Eiffel Tower.

Advanced search technologies and a huge number of useful services have made this company the true king of the Internet.

Who do you need to be to conquer the world? For some, this will require an army of well-trained soldiers, and for others, beauty. But nowadays more and more people are gaining recognition and respect for their intelligence.

Many biographies of famous personalities contain descriptions of ordinary guys who started creating in their own garage. All they had initially were brains with bright ideas.

The history of Google began with precisely these young people who were ready to work hard to bring their plans to life:

The path from zero to billions

There is a deep domestic trace in the formation and development of Google. The talented mathematician Sergei Brin, who emigrated to the United States at the age of five, was at the very beginning of the company and still manages it today:

To understand the amazing transformation from “nothing” to a giant at the forefront of modern technology, it is necessary to note the most important stages in the development of Google.

• 1995 Sergey Brin volunteered to give a tour of Stanford University to students, one of whom was Larry Page. The student and the “tour guide” immediately began to argue about everything in the world, which became the basis for further strong friendship and the same cooperation;
• 1996 Development of a search system, the operation of which was based on PageRank technology, the essence of which is the ranking of sites depending on the link juice obtained using backlinks. This technology was a real revolution, since previously the main criterion for search engines was the number of keywords on a resource page;
• 1997 Google has found its name. It’s simply impossible to imagine how much information there is on the World Wide Web, so Sergey and Larry decided to choose as the name the number that is closest to “ it's impossible to imagine how much" A googol is a hundred zeros added to one. The spelling of the word was slightly corrected for euphony;
• August 1998. The only question Andy Bechtolsteim (one of the founders of Sun) was: " In whose name should the check be written??. One hundred thousand dollars went to the account of the not yet born Google Inc;
• September 1998. The company moves to its first office - a garage. There are already 3 employees on staff.
• February 1999. The company already has 8 people and rents an office in Palo Alto.
• September 1999. Moving to our own building located in Mountain View.
• year 2000. Google signs an agreement with Yahoo, becoming the main provider of information search services and the largest search engine in the world.
• year 2001. The company expanded its influence in South America. The search engine's index includes 3 billion documents.
• 2002 A new office opens in Sydney.
• 2003 Google buys Pyra Labs, whose best-known technology was Blogger.
• 2004 The main office is moving to a new building, the number of employees has increased to 800 people. Google goes public for the first time, offering its shares on NASDAQ. Larry Page and Sergey Brin become billionaires.

Subsequently, things went better and better for Google, and today it is no longer possible to imagine using the Internet without the popular services that the company has developed.

Services we can't live without

Throughout its existence, Google wasted no time. The company has developed a huge number of useful services, the most popular of which should at least be listed:

• Google+ is a social network launched in 2011. A distinctive feature is the Google Circles system:

• Google Docs is a service that allows you to create text documents, tables and presentations. Data can be saved in cloud storage;
• Google Drive is a virtual drive on which you can store up to 15 GB of your own information and access it from anywhere in the world:

• AdSense – contextual advertising that is automatically placed according to the topic of the page;
• Analytics is a tool for developers and SEO optimizers. Provides detailed statistics on the operation of a web resource:

• Gmail – email;
• Maps – geographic maps with which you can easily calculate the route to your destination:

• News – news generated from the headlines of the most popular publications in the world. The composition of categories is displayed according to user preferences;
• Play – game application store;
• Picasa is a service that allows you to work with images.

Your personal browser

One of the company's outstanding achievements was the creation of the Google Chrome browser, which immediately proved competitive in a market where, it would seem, there could be no rivalry:

In September 2008, the company announced the release of its own web browser, which came as a big surprise, because before that Google had in every possible way denied such a possibility, citing inexpediency.

The beta version was released only for Windows, but by December, thanks to the hard work of the developers, the browser occupied one percent of the market, which is a colossal result in such a short time.

Until 2013, Chrome was based on WebKit technology, but subsequently switched to the innovative Blink engine.

In 2009, Chrome became the regular browser of 9% of users, and a year later - already 15%. Today, about 40 percent of people with Internet access prefer Google Chrome.