Is it possible to run Linux from Windows? Running Linux applications on Windows - fantasy or harsh reality

If you are not impressed with the new version of the operating system from Microsoft - Windows 8, or you want something new, then perhaps the only alternative may be the Linux operating system. In our previous articles, we already talked about this and also did a small superficial one. As a logical continuation of this series of manuals and reviews, we will tell you how to install the Linux operating system on your computer or laptop.

In this article we will consider the following questions:

Which version of Linux to install

Today, one of the most popular versions (distributions) of Linux is Linux Ubuntu. It is this Linux distribution that is most often installed on sold laptops, unlike other types of Linux OS. At the moment, Ubuntu is one of the most progressive distributions, but many Linux users express the opinion that Ubuntu has lost its primary philosophy and is no longer as “simple” as it used to be. Yes, this is probably true - the innovations introduced over the last 2-3 years have made Ubuntu a rather resource-intensive system, and it no longer has the simplicity that it had before - that Linux philosophy.

Linux distributions that are more lightweight are Linux-Mint and Linux openSUSE. Both of these distributions are popular among users due to their simplicity, and most importantly, their lack of resource requirements. It is these three distributions that we recommend choosing. Which distribution should you choose? Decide for yourself after trying all these types of operating systems; besides, this can be done even without installation, by launching the OS from the installation disk.

We will build our Linux installation manual on the basis of Linux Ubuntu, due to its great popularity.

Installing Linux

First, let's talk about how to install Linux from a disk.
First of all, we go to the Russian-language Ubuntu website “ubuntu.ru” and download the latest system image from there. Then, from the list of proposed images, select the image that matches the architecture of your computer or laptop. Of course, it is best to install a 64-bit operating system, but if the parameters of your computer do not allow you to do this, then you will have to install a 32-bit OS.

Minimum Linux Ubuntu Computer Requirements
Minimum computer requirements if you want to installUbuntux32:

Processor: 1 GHz;

RAM: 512 MB;

Free space on HDD: 5 GB;

Recommended requirements if you want to installUbuntux64:

Processor: 2 GHz x2;

RAM: 4 GB;

Free space on HDD: 20 GB;

Video adapter: discrete or integrated.

Linux Ubuntu Image
The link to the image should be in the following format: releases.ubuntu.com/13.04/ubuntu-13.04-desktop-amd64.iso.torrent, where 13.04 is the year and month of release of the OS version, “desktop” means that the version is intended for a home PC , and not for the server, and the last parameter “i386” is a 32-bit OS, and “amd64” is a 64-bit OS.

Next, click on the link we need and download the image to your hard drive. Please note that to download the image you must have a torrent client installed; for Windows this is uTorrent. Then we insert a blank DVD disc, preferably R, into the optical drive and burn the image to it. While the image is being written to the disk, start resaving the data.

Resaving data
If you have Windows installed, then dry out all your files from drive “C” in advance, especially the “Downloads” and “Documents” folders, since we will format this partition when installing Linux. Also resave all game saves (although you won’t need them on Linux, but still). Also go to your browser and save all your passwords and site bookmarks if you don’t remember them.

Preparing for installation
Now that everything is saved, insert the installation disk into the drive and restart the computer or laptop. After the reboot, when you restart the computer, go to Bios and set the following parameters in the operating system startup settings: primary boot – “CDROM”, secondary – “Hard Drive”. This is necessary so that the machine does not ignore the installation disk and boots from it, rather than starting to boot the system from the hard drive. Once you have made these settings, save your changes and restart your computer. In order to boot from disk, you may need to confirm this type of boot. After this, after a few seconds, the Ubuntu bootloader window will appear.
Next, you will be presented with instructions for installing Linux in pictures, where we will tell and clearly show how to install Linux correctly.

Linux installation process

When booting from the disk occurs, you will see the following welcome window, where you will be asked to select a language.

Once you have selected your language, select one of the suggested actions: “Try Ubuntu” or “Install Ubuntu”. By selecting “Try Ubuntu” the operating system will boot from the disk, and you can test Ubuntu without installing it - this is very convenient. If you are already familiar with Ubuntu and you like it, then select “Install Ubuntu”.

Since our article is devoted to installing the Ubuntu OS, we will talk directly about its installation, and not testing. So, after choosing the Ubuntu installation option, you will need to make some settings.

First, the installer will check that your machine meets all the required parameters:

Is there free space on your hard drive?

Is the device (in this case a laptop or netbook) connected to a power source?

Is your device connected to the Internet?

You can also choose to have the installed operating system immediately download the required package of drivers, codecs, etc. To do this, leave a checkmark next to the “Download updates during installation” item. Then click the “Continue” button.

Now we are asked to select the installation type. In the case when you have a new hard drive and there is no data on it, you can select the option: “Erase the disk and install Ubuntu”, but for experienced users we recommend choosing “Other option”.

If the installer detects previously installed operating systems, for example Windows, then the options will be slightly different, the installer will offer to remove the previous operating system and install Ubuntu in its place, but keep in mind that if you select this option, the installer will format the entire hard drive, including disk "D". In this case, we also recommend selecting “Other option” for the installation type. After we have selected this option, we go to the hard disk partition management menu.

If you have a blank and unformatted disk, then you need to create a “New Partition Table”. If there are already partitions, then there is no need to create a new table.

If the hard drive is not formatted, you will see the following.

Select free space and then click on the “+” button.

To create a partition, enter its desired size and the following parameters:

New partition type: Primary;

Use as: Ext4 journaled file system;

Mount point: /.

Then click the “OK” button. Please note that if you install the operating system on a blank HDD, then, unlike Windows, you do not need to divide it into several partitions, since it has a slightly different architecture. Therefore, we make 2 partitions: the main one (OS and files) and the swap partition.

Next, create a swap partition equal to the amount of your RAM. If the amount of RAM is less than 2 GB, then set the size to at least 2 GB, but not more. If the amount of RAM is more than 2 GB, then the size of the paging file should be equal to the amount of RAM. The swap partition is created in the same way as the main partition. Select free space, click the “+” button and enter the following:

Main partition type: Logical;

Location of the new section: The beginning of this space;

Use as: Swap partition.

Confirm the creation of the swap partition by clicking the “Ok” button.
If you have data on drive “D”, then select this partition and click the change button. In the window select:

Use as: NTFS;

Chapter: DO NOT format;

Mount point: /media/“optional name in Latin” (for example: “/media/win”).

Click the “Ok” button. We perform the same operation with other NTFS partitions, of course, giving them different mount point names, for example: “/media/download”, “/media/documents”, etc. (the mount point is entered without quotes).

We double-check all the specified settings and click the “Install Now” button.

After this, preparation for installation begins.

The installer will ask you to select your location on the map, after selecting it, click the “Continue” button.

Then select the keyboard layout.

We recommend choosing the English layout (after installing the system, add Russian in the settings). Then click the “Continue” button.

The next thing the installer will ask us to do is enter user account settings. You will need to enter:

Your name – enter your name (in Latin);

The name of your computer – preferably original (in Latin);

Username - user nickname (in Latin);

Enter your account password and its confirmation;

Select the type of login: automatic or only when entering a password (encryption of personal data).

Let's say a few words about the password. Of course, the more secure the password, the better, but keep in mind that you will need to enter it very often, so come up with an easy input combination and remember it.

If your computer is at home and only you use it, then choose the option to log in automatically, without entering a password. We check the entered information and click “Continue”.

After this, the installer will show you a slide show about the new features and benefits of Ubuntu, we will not dwell on this in detail, since you will have time to familiarize yourself with these slides during the installation process. After viewing the slides, you will see a window where you will be asked to visit the official Ubuntu website if you still have questions regarding the operating system you are installing.

After the installation process is completed, a corresponding window will inform you about this.

Next, click the “Restart” button and the console will appear on the screen. When restarting the computer, we recommend returning the operating system startup parameters: primary boot – “Hard Drive”, secondary – “CDROM”. We recommend that you make just such a startup setting so that the operating system boots faster. We remove the installation disk, save the changes to the startup settings and restart the computer.

Congratulations! Linux Ubuntu is installed on your computer!

Is it worth installing Linux?

Quite a rhetorical question: to install Linux or not. It is impossible to answer this unequivocally, since there are quite a large number of advantages and disadvantages of Linux that affect this answer. Let's look at them.

So, the first advantage of Linux, compared to Windows, is that Linux is a free operating system and this is the main advantage. Thus, you save about $100 by choosing Linux over Windows.

The main disadvantages of Linux include Linux software. Most of the programs you are familiar with will not work in the new operating system, and therefore you will initially need to look for and select worthy analogues. Speaking of analogues, there are quite a lot of analogues of Windows programs on Linux, some programs are better in some ways, and worse in others, but, nevertheless, they exist and this is an undoubted advantage. Moreover, special versions of programs have been released for the Linux operating system, which are also released for Windows.

Thanks to special emulator programs, whose task is to virtually create a Windows shell, they can install quite a large number of versions of programs from Windows on Linux, for example: Microsoft Office, Adobe Photoshop, Apple iTunes and many other popular Windows programs that will are very necessary for working in Linux. As for programs for Linux, the vast majority of them are free and this is a definite plus.
As for games, the situation here is somewhat worse, since popular Windows games that are installed will not be available on Linux, except for online versions.
For work, Linux is also not the best option, since specialized software is written almost exclusively for Windows.

So, let's summarize briefly. Linux is the best option for a home computer if its purpose is: watching movies, listening to music and visiting Internet resources. In any case, if the thought of installing Linux came to you, then install it with a second system or test it from a disk, without uninstalling Windows, in order to draw a conclusion for yourself: is it worth switching completely to Linux or not.

Linux: A Complete Guide Kolisnichenko Denis Nikolaevich

1.8. First launch of Linux

If you chose graphical mode to log in (or the installer chose it itself without asking you anything), then you will see a graphical screen with a field for entering a name and password. Log in to the system (preferably under the name you set for a regular user; use root only if you don’t already have regular accounts), and you will see the desktop of the window environment you set as the default environment, which looks quite similar to Windows desktop.

How is that possible, you’ve heard that real Linux users work in a command line environment? Now let's find the command line.

You know that a console or terminal (for a personal computer these terms are synonyms) are input/output devices designed for communication between the system and the user, that is, a keyboard and a monitor. In UNIX-like systems, there is the concept of virtual consoles - consoles that take turns physically occupying the same monitor and keyboard. Each of them can open a separate user session, run its own applications, in general, they are almost independent computing systems from each other.

Most Linux distributions support six text-based virtual consoles by default, with a seventh being a graphical one. This is where you are. To switch from it to the first text console, press the key combination Ctrl+Alt+F1 (on the sixth - Ctrl+Alt+F6).

In response to the program invitation login: type root and press<Ввод>. Then enter your password and your text console session is started.

Information about the machine’s network name, OS version, and architecture can be obtained using the uname -a command.

If you don't have a regular user account yet, now is the time to create one. Enter the command

#useradd< имя >

If you were told “command not found,” then it means that on your system this command is called adduser.

#passwd< имя >

You can now log in under a new name on a different virtual console. To switch from a text console to another text console, press the combination Alt+Fn, where n is a number from 1 to 6. You will see the prompt again login:.

Have you registered? Pay attention to the invitation line. On the console where you logged in as root, it ends with a # symbol, and for any regular user - with a $ symbol. Besides this symbol, the prompt usually consists of the user name, system name, and current directory, and can be changed once you know how to do it. In further examples, lines starting with # or will indicate the command being entered, and lines without such a symbol will indicate its messages.

Now see for yourself that Linux is truly a multitasking and multi-user system, that is, unlike Windows, several users can work simultaneously. Ask who is currently working on the system by entering the who command.

You'll see something like:

root tty1<дата и время начала сеанса root>

ivan tty2<дата и время начала сеанса ivan>

root:0<дата и время начала сеанса root>

<на графической консоли>

ttyN is the virtual text console number.

If you're lost and want to know what console you're currently on, run the tty command. If you have forgotten what name you logged into on the current console, enter the whoami command. The w command will show not only the currently running users, but also the tasks they are running.

You can scroll through the screen using the key combinations Shift+PgUp and Shift+PgDn.

To copy text into the command line, use the mouse: dragging the mouse while holding down the left button selects a fragment, clicking the right button pastes it at the current cursor position on any virtual text console.

If you want to work under the name of another user without leaving this console, enter su<имя>. By default, the name is root. This is usually needed to quickly perform some administrative action. Return to work under your name using the exit command.

To switch back to the graphical console, press Alt+F7.

In graphical mode, you can also not only click on icons, but also enter commands. To do this, launch the virtual terminal (Fig. 1.13) - a graphical application in the window of which you can work in command line mode.

Rice. 1.13. Virtual terminal window

The number of virtual terminals, unlike the number of virtual consoles, is not limited by anything, not even by tradition.

To end a session on a virtual terminal or virtual console, enter the command exit (you can also logout on a virtual console) or press the key combination Ctrl+D.

Shutting down one user does not stop the entire system. To turn off the machine, you need to issue the command with superuser rights

# shutdown -h 19:00 [End of working day]

In this case, a few minutes before the specified time, a warning message “End of working day” will be sent to everyone working in the system, after which the system will be stopped correctly. The short form of this command is halt , which stops the system immediately and without warning. You can reboot with the reboot command.

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Is it possible to run Linux from Windows?

The issue is resolved and closed.

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2 (494) 2 11 4 g

In general, I gave you a couple of useful links, read and delve into it.
http://www.pcwork.ru/kak_zapuskat_linux_pod_windows.html
http://rus-linux.net/MyLDP/win-lin/dostup-k-linux-iz-windows.html

1 1

7 (92213) 34 176 787 4 g

How to Run Linux on Windows

How to Run Linux on Windows Linux is known for its stability, protection against spyware and viruses, and as a symbol of inexpensive computer software. If you think that you need to buy a new computer to install and run Linux, then there is good news for you. You can run Linux on your existing computer in parallel with Windows.

Even better, there are three options for running Linux on a Windows computer, depending on the consumer's needs and technical skills.

Option 1: Use a virtualization program or emulation program that allows you to run Linux in a separate window on your Windows desktop.

Running Linux in a Windows Virtual Machine

There are several programs that allow you to run Linux in a "virtual machine" on your Windows desktop. The two most popular emulation programs are Parallels Workstation ($49 after a 15-day free evaluation period) and VMWare Workstation ($189 after a 30-day free evaluation period). If the Windows XP operating system is already installed on your computer and you need to install Linux, Parallels or VMWare will help you install Linux as a “guest” operating system in the virtual machine created by the program.

In any case, installation of emulation programs is user-friendly and takes only a few minutes. After installation, you need to follow the prompts to set up a Linux virtual machine, and then install the version of Linux, which is either downloaded from the Internet or stored on a CD. Both Parallels and VMWare support the most popular versions of Linux: Ubuntu, Red Hat and SuSE.

Running Linux in a separate window on the Windows desktop allows you to compare the two operating systems, you can even exchange files between them or copy text on one system and paste it on another.

Running Linux and Windows with Dual Boot

It is possible to create a dual boot option, in which you can choose which operating system will boot when you start your computer. If you want the best performance from a Linux system, it must run in its native mode, that is, directly on the computer hardware, and not in a virtual machine.

To partition your hard drive to enable dual boot, you can use programs such as Acronis Disk Director, Norton Commander, or use the disk partitioning utility included in the Linux distribution. Typically, the Linux installer will help you split your hard drive into two or more partitions, with Windows installed on one partition and the other partition dedicated to Linux. To help you select the right operating system when you turn on your computer, you also install an operating system boot loader, such as LILO or GRUB.

It should be remembered that dual boot DOES NOT ALLOW two operating systems to run simultaneously, unlike the emulation programs mentioned earlier. In this case, to move from one system to another, you need to boot one system, shut it down, and then boot the other system.

The bootable Live CD option allows you to insert a CD containing a complete Linux system into the drive of a computer running Windows and boot Linux from that disk. This is probably the easiest way for a new Linux user to try out the operating system on a Windows computer. The disadvantage of booting from a Live CD is that it makes the operating system much slower than booting from a hard drive. However, with this option, you can try out the user graphical interface, launch a web browser, play some Linux games and work in office applications.

There are several companies that make bootable Live CDs, including Ubuntu, PCLinuxOS, Knoppix and (excuse me, French) Damn Small Linux. In any case, you need to download a huge file from the Internet, which is the “image” of the Linux installation disk. This image is then burned to a CDROM and used to boot the system. Damn Small Linux (bare-bones Linux) takes up only 50 MB (compared to approximately 700 MB for other versions) and can be booted from either a CD or a Windows desktop image. However, if you want to experience a nicer graphical version of Linux, Ubuntu is a better choice.

Choose the option that best suits your needs and try Linux. Windows installed on your computer will be waiting for your return. Unless, of course, you decide to switch to Linux forever.

Linux software is becoming increasingly popular. It is preferred by many computer users. Compared to other operating systems, Linux has better performance, which has begun to attract many users.

You will need

Personal computer, Linux disk

Instructions

Before installing Linux, go to the BIOS. Enable booting from CD-ROM there. You can do this in the “Boot” section. Then check "CD-ROM Drive". To work in the BIOS, use the buttons on the keyboard. Use the “Save & Exit Setup” section to save your settings. Then boot the Linux disk.

To use Linux, you need to run it on your computer. To do this, choose the most suitable distribution for you. At the beginning of installation, specify the language and select the encoding. It is advisable to set the encoding to cp1251, or KOI8-R. You need to select the necessary packages to run Linux. To do this, use the “Custom installation” tab. You will see a whole list of packages that are available for installation on your computer. Choose only what you really need. But you can install everything. Next, you need to split the hard drive into sections that are needed for Linux. Here too you can choose for yourself.

You can choose ext3 as your file system. It is divided into several sections. Format them all and click “Next” at the end. Select a bootloader. Once Linux is completely installed, the computer will reboot. In the BIOS settings, change the settings back to what they were before. Set to boot from your hard drive. Save your changes. To log in, enter the password you created during installation. Then click on "Log In". The “Desktop” will open. Some elements are in English. A window will open in front of you. In it you will enable full support for the Russian language. When Linux connects to the Internet, then you can click on “Run this action now”. But when you turn it on for the first time, it’s better to click “Close” for now. You can start working. When you install the Internet, then you can download programs and translate all the components into Russian.

Instructions

In the Rad Hat Linux operating system, the graphical shell is launched using the xinit command entered into the console under root superuser rights. If you do not know the password for this account, then, alas, you will have to work on the command line. If you have a password, then you can work in full mode, that is, with administrator rights.

In the Ubuntu operating system of the Linux family, you can also activate the graphical shell from the command line. You will again need root privileges to enter the command sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop. Enter commands carefully. In this operating system, almost all actions are performed using commands, so you will have to get used to such actions.

If the shell does not load and the console displays a package error, update the system files. To do this, enter the command sudo apt-get update. After downloading the necessary packages (and this will take a lot of time depending on the Internet speed), launch the graphical interface command sudo gdm start. If you find it difficult to download large amounts of information, install the graphical shell package without additional extensions using the command sudo aptitude install --no-install-recommends ubuntu-desktop or sudo apt-get install xubuntu-desktop.

Modern graphic interface operating systems of the Linux family are very thoughtful and convenient. Each element is customizable to the user’s tastes and wishes. To make such changes in the shell, read the manuals. Each operating system has its own graphics interface, and, as a rule, any operating system has many positive and negative sides.

Linux software is becoming increasingly popular. It is preferred by many computer users. Compared to other operating systems, Linux has better performance, which has begun to attract many users.

You will need

Personal computer, Linux disk

Instructions

Before installation Linux, go to BIOS. Enable booting from CD-ROM there. You can do this in the “Boot” section. Then check "CD-ROM Drive". To work in the BIOS, use the buttons on . Use the “Save & Exit Setup” section to save your settings. Then boot the Linux disk.

To use Linux you need to run it. To do this, choose the most suitable distribution for you. At the beginning of installation, specify the language and select the encoding. It is advisable to set the encoding to cp1251, or KOI8-R. You need to select the necessary packages to run Linux. To do this, use the “Custom installation” tab. You will see a whole list of packages that are available for installation on your computer. Choose only what you really need. But you can install everything. Next, you need to split the hard drive into sections that are Linux. Here too you can choose for yourself.

You can choose ext3 as your file system. It is divided into several sections. Format them all and click “Next” at the end. Select a bootloader. Once Linux is completely installed, the computer will reboot. In the BIOS settings, change the settings back to what they were before. Set to boot from your hard drive. Save your changes. To log in, enter the password you created during installation. Then click on "Log In". The “Desktop” will open. Some elements. A window will open in front of you. In it you will enable full support for the Russian language. When Linux connect to , then you can click on “Run this action now”. But the first time, it’s better to click “Close” for now. You can start working. When you install the Internet, then you can download programs and translate all the components of the language.

Video on the topic

Often the input password to log into the operating system becomes an unnecessary function. How can I turn it off? It won't take you long to remove this customization option.

Instructions

Open your computer's control panel. Find the user account settings menu, there you can change all the login information for the operating system, set or delete a password, change the system user name, add a new one, and so on.

Select the "Change Account" option on the right side of the window. To navigate through the menu, use the left and right arrow buttons and the Backspace key. Click once on the account whose login settings you want to configure.