The most dangerous viral disease. Types of computer viruses

MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND EDUCATION OF UKRAINE

Human viral diseases

Completed:

10th grade student

Secondary school No. 94

Gladkov Evgeniy

Checked by: Suprun Elena Viktorovna

Kharkov, 2004.

Diseases that are caused by viruses are easily transmitted from sick people to healthy people and spread quickly. Much evidence has accumulated that viruses are the cause of various chronic diseases.

These are smallpox, polio, rabies, viral hepatitis, influenza, AIDS, etc. Many viruses to which humans are sensitive infect animals and vice versa. In addition, some animals are carriers of human viruses without getting sick.

The main groups of viruses that cause diseases in humans are presented in the table:

Vaccination (inoculation, immunization) is the creation of artificial immunity to certain diseases. For this purpose, relatively harmless antigens (protein molecules) are used, which are part of microorganisms that cause diseases. Microorganisms can be viruses, such as measles, or bacteria.

Vaccination is one of the best means to protect children against infectious diseases that caused serious illness before vaccinations were available. Unfounded criticism of vaccination in the press was caused by the desire of journalists to inflate sensations from individual cases of post-vaccination complications. Yes, side effects are common to all medications, including vaccines. But the risk of getting a complication from vaccination is much less than the risk from the consequences of an infectious disease in unvaccinated children.

Vaccines stimulate the immune system to respond as if there were a real infection. The immune system then fights the “infection” and remembers the microorganism that caused it. Moreover, if the microbe enters the body again, it effectively fights it.

There are currently four different types of vaccines available:

biosynthetic vaccines; they contain substances obtained by genetic engineering methods that cause a reaction in the immune system. For example, hepatitis B vaccine, Haemophilus influenzae infection.

Smallpox is one of the oldest diseases. A description of smallpox was found in the Egyptian papyrus of Amenophis 1, compiled 4 thousand years BC. The causative agent of smallpox is a large, complex DNA-containing virus that multiplies in the cytoplasm of cells, where characteristic inclusions are formed. Smallpox is a particularly dangerous infectious disease, characterized by a severe course, fever, and a rash on the skin and mucous membranes, often leaving scars.

The source of infection is a sick person from the beginning of incubation until complete recovery. The virus dissipates with droplets of mucus and saliva during talking, coughing, sneezing, as well as with urine, sputum and crusts that fall off the skin. Infection of healthy people occurs through inhaled air and when using dishes, linen, clothing, household items, contaminated with the patient’s secretions.

Human smallpox has now been eradicated from the world through vaccination with smallpox vaccine.

Polio

Poliomyelitis is a viral disease that affects the gray matter of the central nervous system. The causative agent of polio is a small virus that does not have an outer shell and contains RNA. An effective method of combating this disease is the live polio vaccine. The main habitat of enteroviruses in nature is the human body, or rather the intestines, hence the name. The intestine is the only reservoir of many enteroviruses, from where viruses enter the blood, internal organs, and central nervous system.

POLIOMYELITIS (polios - gray, myelos - spinal cord). The name itself suggests that the virus affects the gray matter of the spinal cord. In paretic forms of polio, the motor innervation, which is responsible for muscle movement, is actually disrupted. Atrophic paralysis occurs, more often of the lower, less often of the upper extremities, depending on which segment of the spinal cord is affected. The disease is very serious and crippling. It has been known for a long time; Hippocrates mentions it. Unfortunately, polio is not uncommon.

The virus was discovered in 1945.

EPIDEMIOLOGY OF POLIOMYELITIS: Incubation period 7-14 days. Poliomyelitis is a highly contagious disease, the source is an asymptomatic sick person, the main route of transmission is fecal-oral. The fecal-oral route of transmission is the main route in countries with highly developed sanitary conditions. In countries with a highly developed sanitary culture, the leading route of transmission is airborne. In the first week of the disease, the virus can settle in the peripharyngeal lymph nodes and can be released into the environment through coughing and sneezing, infecting others

PATHOGENESIS. The pathogen enters through the mouth, often through dirty hands, dishes, and water. In a certain number of cases, the virus penetrates the intestinal barrier, enters the blood, and viremia occurs. In some cases, the virus penetrates the blood-brain barrier and enters the spinal cord, causing damage to the motor innervation. The polio pathogen can cause the following diseases:

aseptic meningitis

asymptomatic forms (inaparental form), when the virus is in the intestines without penetrating into the blood.

Abortive form (minor disease). The virus enters the blood, but cannot penetrate the blood-brain barrier. Clinically, this disease is manifested by sore throat and catarrh of the upper respiratory tract.

In a small number of children, the virus penetrates the blood-brain barrier and causes damage to the motor neurons of the anterior horns of the spinal cord, the so-called paralytic form. Mortality in the paralytic form is 10% and more than half of children experience permanent paralysis.

IMMUNITY for polio is lifelong, type-specific. The mechanism of immunity is determined by 2 main points:

Humoral general immunity is provided by immunoglobulins of class M and G2 circulating in the blood),

2. Local occurs in the tissue of the intestine and nasopharynx, pharynx, ensuring the stability of these tissues by the presence of secretory immunoglobulins of class A.

COXSACKIE VIRUSES. In the city of Coxsackie (America), in 1948, in a polio clinic, viruses were isolated from sick children that did not react with polyvalent polio serum. The isolated viruses were found to have the ability to cause diseases in newborn suckling mice. The division of Coxsackie viruses into 2 subgroups (A and B) is associated with their ability to infect the tissues of newborn mice differently.

Coxsackie viruses of subgroup A cause flaccid paralysis, and subgroup B cause spastic paralysis. Diseases caused by Coxsackie viruses: aseptic meningitis, sore throat, febrile diseases with rash.

Coxsackie viruses most often cause encephalomyocarditis in newborns.

ECHO VIRUSES. E - enteric, C - cytopathogenetic, O - orpham, H - human. In the process of studying enteroviruses, viruses were discovered that could not be classified as enteroviruses, since, firstly, they did not react with polio polyvalent serum, and secondly, they were not capable of causing diseases in suckling mice, so they could not be classified as Coxsackievirus. At first they were called orphans - orphans. Then ECHO. ECHO viruses cause aseptic meningitis, gastroenteritis in children, and febrile diseases with summer seasonality.

TREATMENT AND PREVENTION OF POLIOMYELITIS. There is no specific treatment for polio. There are no chemotherapy drugs or antibiotics that can help with the paralytic form. Symptomatic, restorative measures are possible.

There are 2 vaccines:

The Salk vaccine, developed in 1956 and called inactivated polio vaccine (IPV). This is a killed vaccine, it provides general humoral immunity, but does not protect the intestines. A person who is vaccinated with this vaccine will not get sick himself, but if a virus settles in that child’s intestines, he can become a carrier of the virus and infect others.

13.03.2011

The time when the first viruses appeared is usually considered to be the early 1970s. It was then that the Creeper program appeared, written by BBN (Bolt Beranek and Newman) employee Bob Thomas. Creeper had the ability to move itself between servers. Once on the computer, it displayed the message “I’M THE CREEPER... CATCH ME IF YOU CAN” (“I’m a Creeper... Catch me if you can”).

Creeper

The time when the first viruses appeared is usually considered to be the early 1970s. It was then that the Creeper program appeared, written by BBN (Bolt Beranek and Newman) employee Bob Thomas. Creeper had the ability to move itself between servers. Once on the computer, it displayed the message “I"M THE CREEPER... CATCH ME IF YOU CAN” (“I’m a Creeper... Catch me if you can”). At its core, this program was not yet a full-fledged computer program the virus. Creeper did not perform any destructive or espionage actions. Later, another BBN employee, Ray Tomlinson, wrote the Reaper program, which also independently moved through the network and, when it detected Creeper, stopped its operation.

Elk Cloner

More similar to a modern virus was the Elk Cloner program, identified in 1982. It spread by infecting the DOS operating system for the Apple II, stored on floppy disks. When an uninfected floppy disk was found, the virus copied itself there. With every 50th download, the virus showed a small comic poem on the screen. Although this virus was not intended to cause harm, it could corrupt the boot code on floppy disks of other systems. The author of this virus is considered to be 15-year-old schoolboy from Pittsburgh Rich Skrenta. Initially, the author's friends and acquaintances, as well as his mathematics teacher, became victims of this computer virus.

Brain

The first viral epidemic was registered in 1987. It was caused by the Brain virus. It is the first computer virus created for IBM PC-compatible PCs. Its development was based entirely on good intentions. It was released by two brothers who own a software development company. In this way they wanted to punish local pirates who were stealing their software. However, the virus created an entire epidemic, infecting more than 18 thousand computers in the United States alone. It is worth noting that the Brain virus was the first virus to use stealth technology to hide its presence in the system. When trying to read an infected sector, it also “substituted” its uninfected original.

Jerusalem

The next significant event in the history of virus development was the emergence of the Jerusalem virus. This virus was created in 1988 in Israel - hence its main name. The second name of the virus is “Friday the 13th”. It actually only activated on Friday the 13th and deleted absolutely all data from the hard drive. In those days, few people were familiar with computer viruses. Naturally, there were no anti-virus programs at all and user computers were absolutely defenseless against malware. Therefore, such destructive activity of this computer virus caused a huge panic.

Morris worm

Also in 1988, we note the appearance of a virus called the “Morris worm”. It was the most terrible computer virus known at that time. This network worm was one of the first known programs to exploit a buffer overflow. He managed to do the impossible - disable the entire global network. However, it is worth noting that the network was not yet so global. Although the failure did not last long, the losses from it were estimated at $96 million. Its creator was Cornell Computer Science graduate student Robert T. Morris. The case went to court, where Robert Morris faced up to five years in prison and a fine of $250 thousand, however, taking into account mitigating circumstances, the court sentenced him to three years probation, a $10 thousand fine and 400 hours of community service.

Michelangelo ("March6")

It was discovered in 1992. Generated a wave of publications in Western media. This virus was expected to damage information on millions of computers. Although it is greatly overrated, it is still deservedly considered one of the most ruthless computer viruses. Using floppy disks, it penetrated the boot sector of the disk and sat quietly there, not reminding of its existence until March 6th. And on March 6, I successfully erased all data from my hard drive. Companies that produce antivirus software have greatly enriched themselves from this virus. They managed to create mass hysteria and provoke purchases of antivirus software, while only about 10,000 machines were affected by this computer virus.

Chernobyl (CIH)

One of the most famous viruses, which became the most destructive in all previous years. Created in 1998 by a Taiwanese student. This student's initials are in the name of the virus. The virus landed on the user’s computer and remained dormant there until April 26. This computer virus destroyed information on the hard drive and overwrote the Flash BIOS. In some cases, this led to replacing the chip, or even replacing the motherboard. The Chernobyl virus epidemic occurred in 1999. Then more than 300 thousand computers were disabled. The virus also harmed computers around the world in subsequent years.

Melissa

On March 26, 1999, the first world-famous email worm was released. The worm infected MS Word files and sent copies of itself in MS Outlook messages. The virus was spreading at tremendous speed. The amount of damage caused is estimated at more than $100 million.

ILOVEYOU ("Letter of happiness")

Appeared in 2000. A letter was sent to the mail with the subject “I LOVE YOU” to which a file was attached. By downloading the attachment, the user infected his computer. The virus sent an incredible number of letters from the computer of the unlucky user. He also deleted important files on the computer. According to some estimates, it cost PC users around the world more than $10 billion. The ILOVEYOU virus infected 10% of all computers that existed at that time. Agree, these are quite shocking numbers.

Nimda

The name of this computer virus is the word "admin" spelled backwards. This virus appeared in 2001. Once on the computer, the virus immediately assigned itself administrator rights and began its destructive activities. He changed and violated the design of sites, blocked access to hosts, IP addresses, etc. The virus used several different methods to spread. It did this so effectively that within 22 minutes of its launch into the network it became the most common computer virus on the Internet.

Sasser

In 2004, this worm caused a lot of noise. Home computers and small businesses were hit hardest by the virus, although some large companies also experienced serious problems. In the German postal service alone, up to 300 thousand terminals were infected, which is why employees were unable to issue cash to customers. The computers of the investment bank Goldman Sachs, the European Commission, and 19 regional offices of the British Coast Guard also became victims of the worm. In one of the terminals at London's Heathrow Airport, British Airways lost half of all computers at passenger check-in counters, and in the American city of New Orleans, up to 500 hospitals were closed within a few hours. Social and health care facilities in Washington were also affected.

To become infected with this worm, all you had to do was connect your computer to the Internet and wait a few minutes. The worm penetrated the computer, scanned the Internet to find other computers with an unpatched hole, and sent them a virus. The virus did not cause any particular harm - it simply restarted the computer. A special FBI cyber agency joined the search for the worm. The main victim, Microsoft Corporation, set a price of $250,000 for the attacker. And it turned out to be... high school student Sven Jaschan from the German city of Rottenburg. According to some observers, the teenager created Sasser not only to become famous, but also out of filial love - to improve the affairs of the small PC service company PC-Help, owned by his mother.

My Doom

This worm was launched in January 2004. At that time, it becomes the fastest worm to spread via email. Each subsequent infected computer sent more spam than the previous one. In addition, he changed the operating system, blocking access to the websites of antivirus companies, the Microsoft website, and news feeds. This virus even attempted a DDOS attack on the Microsoft website. At the same time, the multitude of infected computers sent a huge number of requests from different parts of the world to the Microsoft website. The server directs all its resources to processing these requests and becomes practically inaccessible to ordinary users. Users of the computers from which the attack is carried out may not even be aware that their machine is being used by hackers.

Conficker

First appeared online in 2008. One of the most dangerous computer worms today. This virus attacks operating systems of the Microsoft Windows family. The worm finds Windows vulnerabilities associated with buffer overflows and executes code using a fraudulent RPC request. As of January 2009, the virus infected 12 million computers worldwide. The virus caused such harm that Microsoft promised $250,000 for information about the creators of the virus.

This list, as you yourself understand, is not complete. New viruses come out every day, and there is no guarantee that the next one will not cause another epidemic. Installing a licensed antivirus from a reputable antivirus software manufacturer on a licensed operating system with the latest updates will help keep your computer as secure as possible. In addition, there are certain precautions when working on a computer against infection by computer viruses, which we will discuss in our next articles.

The best selection of antiviruses in Ukraine in the OnlySoft online store of licensed programs:

Viral diseases affect cells that already have abnormalities, which the pathogen takes advantage of. Modern research has proven that this only happens when the immune system is severely weakened and is no longer able to adequately fight the threat.

Features of viral infections

Types of viral diseases

These pathogens are usually distinguished by genetic characteristics:

• DNA – human cold viral diseases, hepatitis B, herpes, papillomatosis, chicken pox, lichen;
• RNA – influenza, hepatitis C, HIV, polio, AIDS.

Viral diseases can also be classified according to the mechanism of their effect on the cell:

• cytopathic - accumulated particles rupture and kill it;
• immune-mediated - the virus integrated into the genome sleeps, and its antigens come to the surface, putting the cell under attack by the immune system, which considers it an aggressor;
• peaceful – the antigen is not produced, the latent state persists for a long time, replication starts when favorable conditions are created;
• degeneration - the cell mutates into a tumor cell.

How is the virus transmitted?

The viral infection spreads:

1. Airborne. Respiratory viral infections are transmitted by drawing in particles of mucus splashed during sneezing.
2. Parenterally. In this case, the disease spreads from mother to child, during medical procedures or sex.
3. Through food. Viral diseases come from water or food. Sometimes they lie dormant for a long time, appearing only under external influence.

Why do viral diseases become epidemics?

Many viruses spread quickly and en masse, which provokes epidemics. The reasons for this are the following:

1. Ease of distribution. Many serious viruses and viral diseases are easily transmitted through droplets of saliva inhaled. In this form, the pathogen can maintain activity for a long time, and therefore is able to find several new carriers.
2. Reproduction rate. After entering the body, the cells are affected one by one, providing the necessary nutrient medium.
3. Difficulty in eliminating. It is not always known how to treat a viral infection, this is due to lack of knowledge, the possibility of mutations and difficulties in diagnosis - at the initial stage it is easy to confuse it with other problems.

Symptoms of a viral infection

The course of viral diseases may differ depending on their type, but there are common points.

1. Fever. Accompanied by a rise in temperature to 38 degrees, only mild forms of ARVI pass without it. If the temperature is higher, this indicates a severe course. It lasts no longer than 2 weeks.
2. Rash. Viral skin diseases are accompanied by these manifestations. They may appear as macules, roseolas, and vesicles. Characteristic of childhood, rashes are less common in adults.
3. Meningitis. Occurs due to enterovirus and is more common in children.
4. Intoxication– loss of appetite, nausea, headache, weakness and lethargy. These signs of a viral disease are caused by toxins released by the pathogen during its activity. The strength of the effect depends on the severity of the disease; it is more difficult for children; adults may not even notice it.
5. Diarrhea. Characteristic of rotaviruses, the stool is watery and does not contain blood.

Human viral diseases - list

It is impossible to name the exact number of viruses - they are constantly changing, adding to the extensive list. Viral diseases, the list of which is presented below, are the most famous.

1. Flu and colds. Their signs are: weakness, fever, sore throat. Antiviral drugs are used, and if bacteria are present, antibiotics are additionally prescribed.
2. Rubella. The eyes, respiratory tract, cervical lymph nodes and skin are affected. It spreads by airborne droplets and is accompanied by high fever and skin rashes.
3. Piggy. The respiratory tract is affected, and in rare cases, the testes are affected in men.
4. Yellow fever. Harmful to the liver and blood vessels.
5. Measles. Dangerous for children, affects the intestines, respiratory tract and skin.
6. . Often occurs against the background of other problems.
7. Polio. Penetrates into the blood through the intestines and breathing; when the brain is damaged, paralysis occurs.
8. Angina. There are several types, characterized by headache, high fever, severe sore throat and chills.
9. Hepatitis. Any variety causes yellowing of the skin, darkening of urine and colorlessness of feces, which indicates a violation of several body functions.
10. Typhus. Rare in the modern world, it affects the circulatory system and can lead to thrombosis.
11. Syphilis. After damage to the genital organs, the pathogen enters the joints and eyes and spreads further. It has no symptoms for a long time, so periodic examinations are important.
12. Encephalitis. The brain is affected, a cure cannot be guaranteed, and the risk of death is high.

The most dangerous viruses in the world for humans

The list of viruses that pose the greatest danger to our body:

1. Hantavirus. The pathogen is transmitted from rodents and causes various fevers, the mortality rate of which ranges from 12 to 36%.
2. Flu. This includes the most dangerous viruses known from the news; different strains can cause a pandemic; severe cases affect the elderly and young children more.
3. Marburg. Discovered in the second half of the 20th century, it is the cause of hemorrhagic fever. Transmitted from animals and infected people.
4. . It causes diarrhea, the treatment is simple, but in underdeveloped countries 450 thousand children die from it every year.
5. Ebola. As of 2015, the mortality rate is 42%, transmitted through contact with the fluids of an infected person. Signs are: a sharp increase in temperature, weakness, muscle and throat pain, rash, diarrhea, vomiting, and possible bleeding.
6. . Mortality is estimated at 50%, characterized by intoxication, rash, fever, and damage to the lymph nodes. Distributed in Asia, Oceania and Africa.
7. Smallpox. Known for a long time, it is dangerous only to people. Characterized by a rash, high fever, vomiting and headache. The last case of infection occurred in 1977.
8. Rabies. Transmitted from warm-blooded animals, it affects the nervous system. Once symptoms appear, treatment success is almost impossible.
9. Lassa. The pathogen is carried by rats and was first discovered in 1969 in Nigeria. The kidneys and nervous system are affected, myocarditis and hemorrhagic syndrome begin. Treatment is difficult, fever claims up to 5 thousand lives annually.
10. HIV. Transmitted through contact with the fluids of an infected person. Without treatment, there is a chance to live 9-11 years; its complexity lies in the constant mutation of strains that kill cells.

Fighting viral diseases

The difficulty of the fight lies in the constant change in known pathogens, making the usual treatment of viral diseases ineffective. This makes it necessary to search for new drugs, but at the present stage of medical development, most measures are developed quickly, before crossing the epidemic threshold. The following approaches have been adopted:

• etiotropic – preventing the reproduction of the pathogen;
• surgical;
• immunomodulatory.

Antibiotics for viral infections

During the course of the disease, the immune system is always suppressed; sometimes it needs to be strengthened to destroy the pathogen. In some cases, for a viral disease, antibiotics are additionally prescribed. This is necessary when a bacterial infection occurs, which can only be killed in this way. In case of a pure viral disease, taking these medications will not bring any benefit and will only worsen the condition.

Prevention of viral diseases

1. Vaccination– effective against a specific pathogen.
2. Strengthening immunity– prevention of viral infections in this way involves hardening, proper nutrition, and support with plant extracts.
3. Precautionary measures– exclusion of contacts with sick people, exclusion of unprotected casual sex.

What types of viruses are there? - this is the question people ask when epidemics and viral diseases are raging around. With the arrival of cold weather, as well as with a lack of vitamins in the body, we increasingly have many anti-infective and antiviral drugs among our pharmacy purchases. The New Year's mood may worsen due to fever and cough. And it happens that the disease completely knocks us off our feet, and we cannot even get up from the couch. It is important for us to know which infections are the most common and what we have to fight against. Let's talk to you about the most common acute respiratory infections and influenza viruses.

Coxsackievirus (Rhinitis)

One of the most unpleasant diseases. A simple way to become infected is to overcool your body, and this is very difficult to notice. Bacteria form in the nasal cavity and begin to multiply and become inflamed. It is enough to breathe in cold air and long-term treatment is guaranteed.

The infectious agent can also be pollen, then the disease can be considered seasonal. Symptoms in this case are nasal discharge (dry, wet and purulent), headache, lacrimation.

In any case, it is important to know what treatment is needed. There is no need to self-medicate; an experienced doctor knows what viruses are, will find the cause of the disease and will prescribe you a specific list of medications. The main thing is not to hesitate with this issue.

Respiratory syncytial viruses (Viral bronchitis)

Every schoolchild will answer what viral bronchitis is. And the main symptoms may be cough, fever, and sputum production. In general terms, bronchitis is inflammation of the lung mucosa . And the disease can last a very long time. The temperature will be around 39, the sputum will acquire a greenish tint, and in difficult cases, with blood clots.

Causes may vary, but it is generally accepted that the main reason is smoking. Many people are also sure that older people suffer from bronchitis more often. Unfortunately, children can also be affected by the disease, and the cause can be not only smoking, but also heredity, as well as the environment.

Respiratory viruses (laryngitis)

This disease is characterized as inflammation of the mucous membrane of the larynx. Pain and dry mouth, cough, fever appear, and can even lead to complete loss of voice. Like the above diseases, it can be acute or chronic.

Reason can be caused by external factors such as alcohol, smoking, ligament strain and much more. An experienced doctor will help you with treatment, because the disease cannot be neglected. Viruses can be very dangerous; a laryngeal abscess can form and be fatal.

Viral sore throat

Another name for sore throat is acute tonsillitis . In this case, the tonsils become inflamed. It is generally accepted that children suffer from sore throat more often, but this can also affect adults. Either one or two tonsils become inflamed.

Treatment is focused on relieving symptoms. But in acute forms it can even go so far as to remove these same tonsils. It also has a chronic form, and in all these cases there is no need to wait for the consequences and self-medicate.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB)

This disease is not a cold, but it does occur. It is caused by the microbacterium tuberculosis. It most often affects the lungs, but can also spread to other tissues: bones, eyes, skin.

It is usually transmitted by airborne droplets, but do not forget that you can also become infected through contact with the patient’s belongings. You feel unwell, have a headache, and have a fever. The most important thing is that chest pain and cough may not appear at the initial stage. Sweating and loss of energy, and most importantly, weight loss.

Detected using a sputum smear, in some cases a negative result does not mean the absence of the disease. You definitely need to do fluorography.

Rhinoviruses (Pharingitis)

The main symptoms of pharyngitis, which is most often caused by rhinoviruses, are dry mouth and a cough with pus. Very often pharyngitis is confused with sore throat. The difference from a sore throat is a dry cough.

Also a very unpleasant symptom is a runny nose and nasal congestion. The consequence is difficulty breathing and lack of proper sleep. The cause of the disease is a variety of bacteria, such as streptococcus, adenoviruses,.

Influenza virus

Influenza is caused by viruses with complex names, such as H1N1, H1N2 and H3N2. It affects the upper respiratory tract of humans. As with tuberculosis, the source of influenza can be an infected person. Temperature, runny nose, chills, cough, aches in muscles and joints suddenly appear. In rare cases, abdominal pain and loose stools. It usually lasts 7-10 days, complications may become meningitis - inflammation of the lining of the brain.

The main fighter against the disease will be our immunity. But this cannot be done without support. The main thing is peace and abstinence from alcohol and smoking. Antiviral drugs will help. The most important thing is not to let the disease progress.

Prevention of viral infections and colds

To avoid viral diseases you need an integrated approach. Proper hardening will do. It is necessary to teach the body to react correctly to overheating and hypothermia.

///A healthy lifestyle also includes physical activity. If you cannot visit the gym, you should not forget about walks in the fresh air. A very important point - proper and nutritious nutrition . With a lack of vitamins in the body, the immune system is weakened. You need to include fresh vegetables and fruits in your diet. You can buy vitamin complexes at the pharmacy. The main thing is to remember what viruses there are, do not forget about your health, because the principle solve the problem as it arises in this case is not suitable.

Video about types of viruses

In this video, Alexander Pilyagin will talk about the TOP 10 killer viruses, what they are and how best to protect your body:

Everyone has heard about computer viruses, but few people know anything specific about them. This article will correct this and allow you to feel more confident when accessing the global network. You will learn about what viruses are and how to make sure your computer never gets sick with them, as well as how to cure your PC.

Types of computer viruses

There are viruses created for fun that can make the cursor run around your screen or display some vulgar picture on the screen, but none of this does any harm, only annoyance. Another thing is special programs created for the purpose of stealing money, personal information or its complete destruction.

There is an “almost” official classification that will tell you what viruses there are and, for clarity, separates them:

1. By affected objects (script, file, boot, viruses that infect source code).
2. According to the mechanism of infection.
3. By affected operating systems (UNIX, LINUX, WINDOWS, DOS).
4. By technologies used by malware (Polymorphic viruses, rootkits, stealth).
5. According to the language in which the virus was written (low-level, high-level programming languages, scripting languages).
6. For additional malicious functionality (spyware, backdoors, botnets).

This classification allows us to more or less put everything into categories, but it is far from ideal. Today there are a huge number of unknown viruses created every day and their functionality is constantly changing. Therefore, it will not be possible to create an exact division in this area.

Among the huge number of programs that can infect your PC, there are some that almost every Internet user has heard of, such as:

These are the most famous malicious programs (algorithms) that have caused a lot of harm and against which a large number of protection measures have been invented. However, this is not all that exists and is known today! For the sake of completeness, here is a more complete list of known malware:

There are many of them and this is bad... But we remember from school that action causes reaction, and in this case, good people have created means of protection, let's talk about them. True, I first recommend watching this documentary for general development on this topic:

Computer viruses and protection against them

There are many dangers on the Internet, but we are not afraid of them if we do everything meaningfully and wisely. First, the main points:

• Install a good antivirus from a well-known company with auto-updates.
• Use only proven programs from well-known companies (for good money, of course).
• You shouldn’t give everyone your flash drive or portable hard drive.

In most cases, this will last forever. True, additional protective measures will not hurt:

• Use the computer only with user rights if you do not know how to properly operate the computer as an administrator.
• Do not open and, preferably, do not download files from unknown resources.
• Make backup copies of important files in case a virus finds you.

How to cure a virus on your computer

Even if you are not sure about infection, but there are suspicions, then you should not hesitate. First, disconnect your computer from the Internet so that the stolen (if any) data cannot fall into the hands of attackers. Then transfer all important files to external media (flash drive), having first checked the files and the media itself for viruses. After this, run a full scan of your computer for infection using an antivirus program.

After which, even if the scan did not reveal any threats, you should reinstall the operating system and check your computer again for infection. In 99 cases out of 100, this is enough to completely restore the computer.

Conclusion

Computer viruses are an annoying problem that can affect anyone. But you shouldn’t be afraid of this and wait for the day when you have to treat your PC, because, most likely, this day will never come. Follow the basic rules and you won’t have to waste your nerves and time in the future.