What types of matrices do monitors have? Which is better PLS or IPS? How to choose a good screen - guide

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Liquid crystal displays (IPS, MVA, PVA technologies)

Sergey Yaroshenko

When creating LCD displays, three main technologies are used: TN + film, IPS and MVA. Since TN + film technology was discussed in detail in the previous article, we will focus on its technological competitors.

TN + film technology

Twisted Nematic + film (TN + film). The “film” part in the technology name means an additional layer used to increase the viewing angle (approximately up to 160°). This is the simplest and cheapest technology. It has been around for a long time and is used in most monitors sold in the last few years.

Advantages of TN + film technology:
- low cost;
- minimum pixel response time to control action.

Disadvantages of TN + film technology:
- average contrast;
- problems with accurate color rendering;
- relatively small viewing angles.

IPS technology

In 1995, Hitachi developed In-Plane Switching (IPS) technology to overcome the disadvantages inherent in panels made using TN + film technology. Small viewing angles, very specific colors and unacceptable (at that time) response time pushed Hitachi to develop new IPS technology, which gave good results: decent viewing angles and good color rendition.

In IPS matrices, the crystals do not form a spiral, but rotate together when an electric field is applied. Changing the orientation of the crystals helped achieve one of the main advantages of IPS matrices - viewing angles were increased to 170° horizontally and vertically. If no voltage is applied to the IPS matrix, the liquid crystal molecules do not rotate. The second polarizing filter is always turned perpendicular to the first, and no light passes through it. The black color display is perfect. If the transistor fails, the “broken” pixel for an IPS panel will not be white, as for a TN matrix, but black. When a voltage is applied, the liquid crystal molecules rotate perpendicular to their initial position, parallel to the base, and transmit light.

Modern scientific and technological progress does not stand still and engineers of manufacturing companies are constantly developing new technologies or improving old ones. Initially, matrices did not exist in principle, and the production of televisions (later monitors) was reduced to lamp technologies. But progress cannot be undone. . .

In monitors, manufacturers install matrices made using various technologies; the following types of matrices are used: TN, IPS, VA with various modifications. In the figure below you can see how the picture changes on different screens when viewing the image at an angle. TN matrix

TN+film- the first TFT panels are still produced today as inexpensive screens, with the advantage of low-cost production. The disadvantage is small viewing angles, decreased brightness and contrast when viewed from the side. At first there were TN matrices, then a special film was added to improve color rendering, a kind of filter, and the matrices began to be called TN+film.

Matrices made using IPS technology

IPS Generations Summary (Hitachi)
PLS - Plane to Line Switching (Samsung)
AD-PLS - Advanced PLS (Samsung)
S-IPS - Super IPS (NEC, LG.Display)
E-IPS, AS-IPS - Enhanced and Advanced Super IPS (Hitachi)
H-IPS - Horizontal IPS (LG.Display) e-IPS (LG.Display)
UH-IPS and H2-IPS (LG.Display) S-IPS II (LG.Display)
p-IPS - Performance IPS (NEC)
AH-IPS - Advanced High Performance

IPS (LG.Display) AHVA- Advanced Hyper-Viewing Angle (AU Optronics) IPS - one of the first technologies for the production of TFT screens, was invented in 1996 (Hitachi) as an alternative to TN displays, has wide viewing angles, deeper blacks, good color reproduction, the disadvantage of a long response time , which made them unsuitable for games.

PLS- (Plane-to-Line Switching) Samsung translated the name of the panel as “switching-from-plane-to-line”, it turned out to be complete gobbledygook, the literal translation “By plane to the switching line” also does not make any sense. Most likely, under this slogan they wanted to show that the monitor has a high response time and can switch the picture at the speed of an airplane. PLS is essentially an IPS matrix only manufactured by another company that came up with its own designation and its own production technology. The advantages include:

Response time is 4 miles seconds
- (GTG). GTG is the time required to change the brightness of a pixel from minimum to maximum brightness.
- Wide viewing angles without loss of picture brightness.
- Increased display brightness

AD-PLS- the same PLS panel, but as Samsung says, the production technology has been slightly changed, as many experts say, this is just PR.

S-IPS- improved IPS technology in this direction is being developed by NEC A-SFT, A-AFT, SA-SFT, SA-AFT, as well as LG.Display (S-IPS, e-IPS, H-IPS, p-IPS). Thanks to improvements in technology, response times have been reduced to 5 miles of seconds, making these displays suitable for gaming.

S-IPS II- next generation S - IPS panels, reducing energy intensity.

E-IPS, AS-IPS- Enhanced and Advanced Super IPS, development (Hitachi) one of the improvements to IPS technologies increases brightness and reduces response time

H-IPS- Horizontal IPS, (LG.Display) in this type of matrix the pixels are placed horizontally. improved color rendering and contrast. More than half of modern IPS panels have horizontal pixels.

e-IPS- (LG.Display) the next improvement in matrix production is cheaper to produce but has the disadvantage of slightly smaller viewing angles.

UH-IPS and H2-IPS- second generation H-IPS technology, improved matrix, increased panel brightness.

p-IPS- Performance IPS is the same as H-IPS, the marketing name for the matrix from NEC.

AH-IPS- modification of the matrix for high-resolution displays (UHD), analogue of H-IPS.

AHVA- Advanced Hyper-Viewing Angle - this designation was given to the company's displays (AU Optronics), the company was formed from the merger of Acer Display Technology and the screen production division of BenQ Corporation.

PVA matrices - Patterned Vertical Alignment

S-PVA - Super PVA
cPVA
A-PVA - Advanced PVA

SVA PVA The matrices were developed by Samsung and have good contrast, but have a number of disadvantages, the main loss of image contrast when viewed at an angle. In order to periodically update the production line, a new screen model was released after a certain period of time, so there are the following types of VA screens.

S-PVA- Super PVA improved matrix due to changes in production technology.

cPVA- simplified production technology; screen quality is worse than S - PVA

A-PVA- Advanced PVA small absolutely not significant changes.

SVA- another modification.

V.A.- Vertical Alignment

MVA- Multi-Domain Vertical Alignment (Fujitsu)

P-MVA - Premium MVA
S-MVA - Super MVA
AMVA - Advanced MVA

TFT display technology (VA) was developed by Fujitsu in 1996 as an alternative to TN matrices; screens made using this technology had disadvantages in the form of long response times and small viewing angles but had significantly better color characteristics. To overcome the shortcomings, production technology has been improved.

MVA- the next version of the technology in 1998, the difference was that the pixel consisted of several parts, this made it possible to achieve a higher quality image.

P-MVA, S-MVA- improved color rendering and contrast.

AMVA- next generation production, reduced response time, improved color reproduction.

Greetings to all, dear readers of the blog site. This short note will answer the question of which monitor matrix is better, TN or IPS, or maybe *VA? To answer this question you need to know the pros and cons of each type of matrix. And each type of matrix has them, these pros and cons, so you have to ask a leading question - “for what purposes do you need a monitor?”

If you need a monitor for gaming then this is perfect TN matrix, it has the shortest response time (latency), which has a very positive effect on the gaming experience. Another undeniable advantage of such matrices is their low cost; they are the cheapest of all types of matrices and therefore the most common. The disadvantages are very modest viewing angles, at which the image is not yet inverted (fades), mediocre (compared to IPS, *VA) color rendition, low contrast, and the inability to obtain perfectly black color.

If you are a photographer/designer, do video editing, or just like natural colors when working on a computer, then IPS or *VA will be an excellent choice. Monitors with such matrices are much more expensive, but in return you get something that no TN matrix can provide. IPS and matrices of the *VA family (PVA or MVA) are very similar, they all have high viewing angles and decent color rendition, but there are still differences and they are quite significant.

Let's start with the fact that the average IPS has worse response time compared to *VA. Although there are varieties, such as: E-IPS (increased viewing angles, reduced response time to 5 ms), AH-IPS (improved color rendition and reduced minimum permissible pixel size) and many other varieties. Another disadvantage of IPS is the inability to obtain realistic black, just like with TN, the black in them is more like dark gray. But despite all this, monitors with IPS matrices(and their varieties) are suitable for gaming and watching movies.

As for *VA matrices, they are something between TN and IPS, they usually cost less than IPS, but at the same time they boast better response time, greater backlight uniformity on a black background, and black color on *VA is really black. However, not everything is so smooth. Viewing angles on such matrices are worse than in IPS, as is color rendition, but it is far from certain that these differences will be noticeable to the eye, at least not for everyone. As is the case with IPS, *VA also has variations in which some indicators are improved compared to regular *VA. The most popular of them are: MVA (the problem with color display when watching a video at an angle has been resolved) and PVA (pixel response time has been reduced). Monitors with *VA are also great for games and movies.

What is important when choosing a monitor? Resolution, screen diagonal, refresh rate, response time? Undoubtedly, but it is also important to decide which matrix is needed, because a number of characteristics that directly influence the choice depend on its type. In some cases, the requirements are the same, for which certain monitors are suitable. In other cases, different characteristics are required, and some screens will definitely have to be excluded from the selection. What types of monitor matrices exist, how they differ, what are their differences - we’ll talk about this.

Modern monitors

Gone are CRT displays made using a vacuum tube (kinescope). They were bulky, heavy, and, naturally, absolutely not suitable for use in mobile technology. They have been replaced by monitors whose screens are made of liquid crystals, hence the name LCD displays, or in foreign words – LCD (Liquid Crystal Displays).

I won’t go into detail about the advantages and disadvantages, they are known, and not so important now, that’s not what we’re talking about today. You need to understand what types of matrices are used in monitors, what is their difference, in which cases it is more reasonable to use one type, and in which – another.

TN (Twisted Nematic)

One of the oldest types of matrices, still relevant and used. Currently, a modified version of it, labeled TN+film, is used. Its popularity is based on two main advantages: speed (low response time and latency) and low price. Indeed, a response time of about 1 ms is par for the course.

Even the shortcomings inherent in this screen manufacturing technology cannot put it to rest. And there are enough minuses. These include small viewing angles, poor color rendering, low contrast, and insufficient black depth. Although, if the screen is located directly in front of the owner’s eyes, then the problem with viewing angles somewhat reduces its severity.

The situation is also worsened by the fact that different matrices from different manufacturers can seriously differ from each other. If expensive gaming laptop models or gaming monitors can have a quite passable screen, then in budget devices the display quality can be very mediocre.

How it works

The screen itself is a “sandwich” of two polarizing filters, between which there are electrodes on transparent substrates on both sides of the screen, two metal plates and, in the middle, a layer of liquid crystals. A light filter is installed on the outside of the screen.

Grooves are applied to the glass plates, and in a mutually perpendicular direction, which sets the initial orientation of the crystals. Thanks to this arrangement of grooves, the liquid crystals are twisted into a spiral, which is where the name of the Twisted Nematic technology comes from.

If there is no voltage on the electrodes, then the crystals arranged in a spiral rotate the plane of polarization of the light so that it passes through the second (external) polarizing filter. If a voltage is applied to the electrons, then, depending on the level of this voltage, the liquid crystals unfold, changing the intensity of the passing light. At a certain voltage, the plane of polarization of the light will not change, and the second filter will completely absorb the light.

The presence of two electrodes improves energy efficiency, and partial rotation of the crystals has a beneficial effect on the performance of the matrix.

Due to the fact that in the absence of voltage the crystals transmit light, when defects occur in the matrix (“broken pixels”) they appear as a luminous white dot. In other technologies, such dots are dark.

You can identify the TN matrix “by eye” by looking at the switched-on screen at an angle. And the larger it (the angle) is, the more faded the colors will become, the less contrast the image will become. In some cases, it is even possible to invert colors.

IPS (In-Plane Switching)

Monitors with such a matrix are now the most common competitors to monitors with a TN screen. Almost all the shortcomings of the latter were overcome, unfortunately, sacrificing the advantages that the previous technology had. Monitors with an IPS matrix are a priori more expensive and have a longer response time. For gaming systems, this may be a significant argument for choosing TN.

But for those who professionally work with images, who need high-quality color rendition, a wide color gamut, monitors with such a matrix are the best choice. In addition, there are no problems with viewing angles, the black color is much more similar to black, and does not look like a certain shade of gray, as often happens on TN screens.

How it works

Between the two polarizing filters there is a layer of control microfilm transistors and a layer of liquid crystals having filters of three primary colors. The crystals are located along the plane of the screen.

The planes of polarization of the filters are perpendicular to each other, therefore, in the absence of voltage, light passing through the first filter and polarized in one plane is blocked by the second filter, producing deep blacks. By the way, this is why, if a “dead pixel” appears on the screen, it looks like a black dot, and not white, as is the case with TN matrices.

When voltage appears on the control electrodes, the crystals again rotate along the plane of the screen, transmitting light. This leads to one of the disadvantages of the technology - longer response time. This is due precisely to the need to rotate the entire array of crystals, which wastes time. But it provides viewing angles up to 178° and excellent color rendition.

There are also disadvantages to this technology. This is more power consumption, since the location of the electrodes on only one side forced an increase in voltage to ensure rotation of the entire array of crystals. The lamps used are also more powerful than in the case of TN, which further increases energy consumption.

IPS options

The technology does not stand still; improvements are being made to it, which have significantly reduced response time and price. So, there are the following options for IPS matrices:

S-IPS (Super-IPS). Second generation of IPS technology. The screen has a slightly modified pixel structure, improvements have been made to reduce the response time, bringing this parameter closer to the characteristics of TN matrices.
AS-IPS (Advanced Super-IPS). The next improvement to IPS technology. The main goal was to increase the contrast of S-IPS panels and increase their transparency, becoming closer in this parameter to S-PVA.
H-IPS. The structure of the pixels has changed, the density of their placement has increased, which makes it possible to further increase the contrast and make the image more uniform.
H-IPS A-TW (Horizontal IPS with Advanced True Wide Polarizer). Developed by LG. It is based on an H-IPS panel, to which a TW (True White) color filter has been added, which has improved the white color. The use of polarizing film from NEC (Advanced True Wide Polarizer technology) made it possible to get rid of possible glare at large viewing angles (“glow effect”) and, at the same time, increase these angles. This type of matrix is used in professional monitors.
IPS-Pro (IPS-Provectus). Developed by BOE Hydis. The interpixel distance has been reduced, viewing angles and brightness have been increased.
AFFS (Advanced Fringe Field Switching, sometimes called S-IPS Pro).
e-IPS (Enhanced IPS). An increase in light transmission has made it possible to use more economical and cheaper backlight lamps. The response time has decreased, reaching values of 5 ms. Monitors with such matrices usually have a diagonal of up to 24 inches.
P-IPS (Professional IPS). Professional matrices with 30-bit color depth, an increased number of possible subpixel orientations (1024 versus 256 for the others), which improved color rendition.
AH-IPS (Advanced High Performance IPS). Matrices of this type are distinguished by the largest viewing angles, high brightness and contrast, and short response time.
A development from Samsung that makes improvements to the original IPS technology. The company did not disclose details, but it was possible to reduce power consumption and make the response time similar to S-IPS. True, the contrast has deteriorated somewhat, and the uniformity of illumination is not so smooth.

VA (Vertical Alignment)/MVA (Multi-Domain Vertical Alignment)

Technology developed by Fujitsu. In many ways, such screens occupy an intermediate position between TN and IPS options. Thus, viewing angles and color reproduction are better than TN, but worse than IPS. The same goes for response time. At the same time, their cost is lower than that of IPS.

How it works

The principle of operation follows from the name (or the name reflects the principle of operation of this technology). The crystals are located vertically, i.e., perpendicular to the substrate. In the absence of voltage, nothing interferes with the passage of light through the crystals, and a second polarizing filter completely blocks the light and provides deep blacks. This is one of the advantages of technology.

When voltage is applied, the crystals unfold, allowing color to pass through. In the first matrices the viewing angle was very small. This was corrected in a modified version of the technology - MVA, where several crystals were used, located one after another and deflecting synchronously.

VA/MVA options

There are several varieties of this technology, to the development of which different companies have had a hand:

PVA (Patterned Vertical Alignment). Samsung presented its version of the technology. Details have not been disclosed, but PVA has slightly better contrast and is slightly less expensive. In general, the options are very close and often no distinction is made between them, indicating MVA/PVA.
S-PVA (Super PVA). Joint development of Sony and Samsung. Improved viewing angles.
S-MVA (Super MVA). Developed by Chi Mei Optoelectronics/Innolux. In addition to increasing viewing angles, contrast has been improved.
A-MVA (Advanced MVA). Further development of S-MVA from AU Optronics. Managed to reduce response time.

This option of matrices is the optimal compromise between cheap, but with a lot of shortcomings, TN, and higher quality, but more expensive IPS. Perhaps the only drawback of MVA is the lack of color rendering as the viewing angle increases, especially in midtones. In everyday use this is almost unnoticeable, but professionals who work with images may have doubts about such matrices.

OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode)

A technology that is significantly different from those used today. The cost of matrices, especially large diagonals, and the complexity of production have so far prevented the widespread use of this technology in the production of monitors. Those models that exist are expensive and rare.

How it works

The technology is based on the use of carbon organic materials. When energized, they emit a certain color, and when not energized, they are completely inactive. This allows, firstly, to completely get rid of the backlight, and secondly, to provide an ideal depth of black color. After all, nothing glows or is filtered, therefore there can be no complaints about the black color.

OLED screens provide high brightness and contrast values, excellent viewing angles without distortion. Energy efficiency at a high level. The response speed is inaccessible even to TN matrices.

Still, a number of shortcomings are currently holding back the use of such screens. This includes a short operating time (screens are prone to “burn-in” - an effect that was inherent in plasma panels), a complex production process with a fairly large number of defects, which increases the cost of such matrices.

QD (Quantum Dots)

Another promising technology based on the use of quantum dots. At the moment, there are few monitors made using this technology, and they are not cheap. The technology makes it possible to overcome almost all the disadvantages inherent in all other versions of matrices used in displays. The only drawback is that the black depth does not reach the level of OLED screens.

How it works

The technology is based on the use of nanocrystals ranging in size from 2 to 10 nanometers. The difference in size is not accidental, because this is where the whole trick lies. When voltage is applied to them, they begin to emit light, with a certain wavelength (i.e., a certain color), which depends on the size of these crystals. The color also depends on the material from which the nanocrystals are made:

Red color – size 10 nm, alloy of cadmium, zinc and selenium.
Green color - size 6 nm, alloy of cadmium and selenium.
Blue color – size 3 nm, a compound of zinc and sulfur.

Blue LEDs are used as illumination, and quantum dots responsible for green and red colors are applied to the substrate, and these dots themselves are not ordered in any way. They are just mixed together. The blue light from the LED hitting them causes them to glow at a specific wavelength, forming a color.

This technology allows you to do without installing light filters, since the desired color has already been obtained in advance. This improves brightness and contrast, since it is possible to get rid of one of the layers that make up the screen.

Unlike OLED, black depth is slightly lower. The cost of such screens is still high.

Comparison of matrices made using different technologies

The table contains a brief comparison of the described types of matrices, from which it can be clear where certain types of screens are strong and where they fall short.

Matrix type	TN	IPS	MVA/PVA	OLED	QD
Response time	Low	Average	Average	Very low	Average
Viewing Angles	Small	Good	Average	Excellent	Excellent
Color rendition	On the low	good	Good, slightly worse than IPS	Excellent	Excellent
Contrast	Average	good	good	Excellent	Excellent
Black depth	Low	Good-excellent	Excellent	Excellent	Slightly worse than OLED
Price	Low	Medium-high	Average	High	High

Conclusion. Types of monitor matrices - which ones to choose?

Not spoiled for choice, in most cases either TN or IPS screens are used. With the rare exception of any expensive, high-status devices, which use more expensive types of matrices.

Unless you can choose between average-quality displays “for every day” and higher quality ones, which are suitable for the office and will allow you to edit photos.

Users of regular monitors can choose whatever their heart desires and their finances allow. To save money, when it comes to games or office work, a monitor with a TN screen will do just fine.

A universal solution is a monitor with an IPS matrix, or, alternatively, MVA. Wide viewing angles, black color that looks more like real black, and excellent color rendition are guaranteed. The only question is cost and longer response time than TN. However, gaming monitors on such matrices perform excellently, and if the goal is to save money at all costs, then it’s definitely worth considering this option.

Well, professionals in general, in fact, have no alternatives. The choice is between just IPS and again IPS, but with some addition - IPS-Pro, H-IPS, etc.

Promising options are still poorly represented on the market, but if you really want to have something special, then why not?

Similar to a television, based on a huge cathode ray tube. There was nothing to please such a unit. A bulky, heavy electrical energy destroyer. It's no wonder that with the advent of thin monitors, users all over the planet breathed a sigh of relief.

But here, too, everything turned out to be not so simple. Each thin device was strikingly different from each other in color rendering, price, and viewing angles.

Matrix. Its features and characteristics

Which matrix is better for a monitor is an extremely controversial issue. First of all, it’s worth clarifying what it is.

In appearance, it is a glass plate, inside of which there are liquid crystals that change color. The simplest products respond only to changes in electrical signals passing through them. More complex models independently adjust color and brightness. And the most modern examples are also additionally illuminated, creating the highest possible contrast.

Response

The answer to the question “which matrix is better for a monitor” is impossible without mentioning a term such as “response”. This property is characterized by how smoothly the frames on the screen will change due to voltage changes. Measured in milliseconds (ms).

What type of monitor matrix is best for gaming? Of course, with good image response. But if you figure out which type of monitor matrix is better for everyday life? With a response of 10 ms or less. What about the gaming type of monitor matrix? Which is better? prefer a response of less than 5 ms.

Update frequency

The refresh rate will tell you a lot about which matrix is better for a gamer's monitor. The picture in the virtual world changes very quickly. Only the highest quality screens can refresh at rates greater than 120Hz.

Viewing angle

Which matrix is better for a monitor in general? Of course, the one with good viewing angles. What are they? In order to understand what we are talking about, it is recommended to look at the monitor from the side. For an ideal product, the picture will be visible from everywhere. A cheap unit will not be able to please you with such convenience. The picture is faded, blurry and unclear. Which monitor matrix is better for the eyes? Of course, the one where you can view the image from any angle. In addition, when working with such a monitor, your eyes get much less tired.

TN+film (Twisted Nematic + film)

For a long time, such a matrix was considered the best for a monitor. Simple and cheap, it is still built into millions of devices every year. What made this technology especially popular was its price. It is thanks to affordability that users are ready to forgive the matrix for its disadvantages, of which there are many. Viewing angles are extremely poor. You need to sit exclusively in front of the monitor to see the full picture. Some manufacturers use a special film to increase viewing angles, but this helps little.

The human eye is a unique mechanism capable of seeing more than sixteen million different shades. With a matrix of this type, it will not be possible to realize this property given by nature, no matter how hard you try. Colors are usually dull, faded, dull, faded, unnatural. But for an undemanding user this is not a critical problem.

There are very few complaints about contrast changes. The main users are office workers. Working with text on monitors requires special concentration. Text with low contrast is far from being the best assistant; it tires your eyes very quickly. Graphics specialists dislike such matrices even more. This monitor is only good for watching movies and playing some games.

The only thing that can please the matrices of this type is the fast response of black and white shades. But in today's world of color this is a weak advantage.

Almost every budget laptop in the world is sold with a TN matrix.

IPS

Numerous user complaints have prompted manufacturers to explore a new “monitor matrix type” technology that is better and more productive than its predecessors.

The latest development is called IPS (In-Plane Switching). This type of matrix was produced by Hitachi. What is its significant difference from TN? First of all, it is color rendering. No matter how much users love their huge cathode ray tube monitors, they convey shades very accurately. And now the opportunity to enjoy bright and rich colors has arisen again.

Viewing angles have also increased significantly compared to its predecessors.

The disadvantages of the technology are the color change from black to purple when viewed from the side. Also, the first models had a relatively low response time - 60 ms. There were many complaints about the low contrast. Blacks appeared grey, making typing difficult and nearly impossible to work with in applications that required fine-grained design.

However, manufacturers were aware of the shortcomings and after some time the world saw S-IPS (Super IPS) technology, in which many of the shortcomings were eliminated. First of all, the new product pleased gamers. The response time has decreased by almost five times, to 16 ms. This value is excellent for solving the vast majority of everyday tasks.

The main manufacturers of IPS matrices are Hitachi, LG, Phillips, NEC.

MVA (PVA) matrices

A little later, a new matrix was presented to the world, which took into account the numerous wishes of both gamers and office workers - MVA.

The only drawback of such monitors was the distortion of some shades. But opponents of the TN matrix noted color rendering as quite tolerable and suitable for most tasks.

Of course, not everything immediately became smooth and ideal. The first models were quite slow, even compared to their TN predecessors. Sometimes, when changing frames quickly, the user could notice a picture that did not change for several moments. This problem was solved somewhat later, when accelerated matrices of this type entered the market.

But such monitors are fine with contrast and viewing angles. Black is black, and details are visible even in their smallest variations. It is not surprising that professional designers choose MVA.

There is another type of matrix of this type. Its name is PVA. It was developed by the Korean corporation Samsung. PVA is much faster and has more contrast.

Working on such a matrix is a pleasure, so it has taken its rightful place in the niche for professionals.