CHANNEL C - KNL I

SEARCH - PSK I

PPRCH - PPRCH I

h) in the RTR ECHO submode the following will be displayed on the radio station indicator:

in CHANNEL C - KNL E mode

SEARCH - PSK E

PPRCH - PPRCH E

k) in the RTR PRM submode the radio station indicator will display: in the CHANNEL C - KNL ¯ mode

SEARCH - PSK ¯

PPRCH - PPRCH ¯

m) in the RTR PRD submode the following will be displayed:

in CHANNEL C - KNL mode

SEARCH - PCK

PPFC - PPFC

m) in the R/MODEM submode the following will be displayed:

in CHANNEL C - KNL M mode

SEARCH - PSK M

PPRCH - PPRCH M

o) in the seventh sign of the indicator, the number of TLC messages in the reception buffer will be displayed in dots. The number of dots corresponds to the number of received TLC messages. After accumulating 22 TLC messages in the receiving buffer of the radio station, the symbol! will be displayed;

n) in the fourth sign of the indicator, the supply voltage will be displayed as dots:

Two bars correspond to 11.45 V or more (emergency mode, the station may fail);

One and a half bars correspond to a fully charged battery (normal operation);

Nothing is displayed - corresponds to a low battery;

If the radio station number is not set, then all signs will have *.

PROCEDURE FOR PREPARING THE RADIO STATION FOR OPERATION

General information about the radio station

Controlling the operating modes of the radio station and changing the parameters of these modes are summarized in three main groups of commands:

a) operating mode control commands;

b) commands for programming parameters of operating modes;

c) direct access commands.

The first two groups of commands are combined into two command menus:

Mode menu. You can enter it using the key ;

Programming menu. You can enter it using the key.

The transition between menu items is carried out by pressing the [NO] or [▼] keys from top to bottom or the [▲] key from bottom to top. When you press the [NO] key, you move to the lower level menu or move to the next menu item. When you press the [END] key, you enter the main mode from the menu of any level.

The third group of commands is called direct access commands. Their designations are printed on the keyboard. To enter the required command, press the key with the corresponding inscription.

Each radio station (subscriber) is assigned a number from 01 to 99. A subscriber assigned the number 00 will only receive broadcast messages. A subscriber assigned a number from 01 to 99 will receive TLF and TLC messages sent to this number, as well as circular messages sent to number 00. The radio station (subscriber) number is entered into the radio station from the keyboard. Entering the radio station number is password protected.

The radio station has the ability to store up to five own TLC messages intended for transmission, and up to twenty two received TLC messages. After twenty-two TLC messages are received in the reception buffer, each new incoming TLC message will replace the oldest one stored in the radio station.

The TLC message intended for transmission contains:

Number of the subscriber to whom this TLC message is intended (recipient subscriber);

From 1 to 100 five-digit digital groups;

Time of entry or last change.

The TLC message received upon reception contains:

Number of the subscriber who sent the message (sending subscriber);

Recipient subscriber number;

Number of received digital groups;

Accepted digital groups;

Time and date of reception.

When receiving a TLC message, the receiving radio station automatically sends a receipt to the sending radio station. Upon receiving it, the sending radio station signals the operator about the successful sending of the TLC message.

A TLC message with subscriber number 00 is intended for everyone (circular TLC message), and it will be received by all radio stations located in the radio visibility zone. A receipt for such a TLC message is not sent by the radio stations that received it. Messages received by the TLC are automatically saved in the EEPROM.

The radio station masks the transmitted voice information if the mask number is not 0 and it is installed. The radio station transmitting and the radio station receiving voice information must have the same mask number and the same data on this mask (key information). Otherwise, the receiving radio will not unmask the speech data correctly and the speech will not be played back. The mask number is entered into the radio station from the keyboard or PC. Masks are entered from a PC.

The radio station provides sound indication in the following cases:

When receiving a TLC message;

When the supply voltage drops below the permissible level;

When ready to transmit speech (by pressing the [TRANSMIT] switch).

The sound indication can be disabled or enabled by the operator. The sound volume and disabling/enabling the sound indication are set from the product’s keyboard.

The light indicator displays all operating modes and their parameters, as well as all actions with the radio station. The time and brightness of the glow are set from the radio keyboard. The indicator automatically turns off to save battery capacity if the operator has not pressed a keyboard key for a period of time exceeding the previously set time. Pressing the key for the first time when the indicator is off will turn the indicator on. The pressed key is ignored. The indicator also turns on when a TLC message is received.

When changing the operating mode or mode parameter, the position of the value being changed is displayed flashing. To change the current position, use the [▼] and [▲] keys. When you press [▼], the position moves to the left. When you press [▲], the position moves to the right.

To enter the frequency 148 MHz you need to dial 148000.

If a frequency is dialed that is not available in this radio station, the message NO FREQUENCY will be displayed. Press the [YES] key. After this, the frequency you entered for change will be displayed.

If the dialed frequency is not a multiple of 25 kHz, the message NOT KR 25 will be displayed. Press the [YES] key. The entered frequency to change will then be displayed.

If the frequency is not fully dialed, the message NOT DIGIT will be displayed. Press the [YES] key. The entered frequency to change will then be displayed.

If you try to enter a channel for which there is no or insufficient data, the message NO FREQ or NO N LOCK will be displayed for the frequency converter mode channel.

When the radio is turned off during reprogramming, changing operating modes and entering TLC messages, all entered data will not be saved.

TO LOCK;

ENTRY D;

PRM PRTR;

PRM TLC;

SAVE FLOOR;

UNLOCKED;

SAVE;

N PTLC NN.

This will lead to complete or partial loss of data and TLC messages.

When one of the messages appears on the indicator: NOT ERASED, REC ERROR, ERROR, the radio station is not fully operational.

The radio station has a built-in real time clock. The clock keeps track of years, months, days, hours, minutes and seconds. When the radio power is turned off for 30 seconds (no more), the set date and time are saved.

During operation, the radio monitors the supply voltage. If the radio station is in the main mode, and the supply voltage has dropped to the lowest permissible value, then the letter B will be displayed in the 7th acquaintance of the indicator, this means that the battery power supply requires replacement or recharging. When operating in other modes, BATTERY will be displayed! When powered from an external source through a power filter, this indicates a malfunction.

In case of violations of the operating algorithms in the radio station, the QS system is automatically restarted, similar to the launch of the QS system when the power is turned on.

After pressing and holding a key for more than 0.5 seconds, the key will fire every 0.1 seconds until released.

Pressing keys not provided for in these instructions is ignored.

The radio station can operate in the following modes:

CHANNEL C - operation of a radio station on one frequency - transmission and reception of digital information when a signal is available. In the CHANNEL C mode, voice communication sessions and the exchange of digital TLC messages are carried out using radio stations. The CHANNEL C mode has 10 channels with numbers from 0 to 9. For each channel number, any one frequency from the operating range of the product, a multiple of 25 kHz, is set;

SEARCH - search for a signal at four frequencies and receive information at the frequency where the signal is found. In the SEARCH mode, voice communication sessions and the exchange of digital TLC messages are carried out using radio stations. The mode has 10 channels with numbers from 0 to 9. For each channel number, four scanning frequencies are set from the operating range of the radio station, multiples of 25 kHz;

Frequency frequency transmission - signal reception with frequency transitions during reception. In the HF mode, voice communication sessions and the exchange of digital TLC messages are carried out using radio stations. The mode has 10 channels with numbers from 0 to 9. For each channel number, the starting frequency, ending frequency, number of the frequency change law and frequencies prohibited for operation are set.

Note: When operating in the CHANNEL, SEARCH, HFPR modes, the radio station can set the following operating submodes:

STATION - reception and transmission of circular and address messages (TLC and voice messages);

MAIL - receiving TLC messages and storing them in EEPROM. After receiving a request for a TLC message addressed to a given radio station, a search is made for TLC messages intended for the requesting subscriber, and if available, they are sent to the addressee. When working in MAIL mode, all phone messages are ignored;

ECHO RTR - reception of all messages (TLF and TLC) and their retransmission (transmission with a time delay) to the subscriber. The maximum TLF message time is no more than 3 minutes 20 seconds. If this time is exceeded, subsequent speech information is ignored;

RTR PRM - receiving messages (TLC and TLF) and issuing them via the RS-252 interface to other products;

RTR PRD - receiving TLC and TLF messages via the RS-232 interface and broadcasting them;

R/MODEM - reception and transmission of digital data, files, commands, alphabetic messages via radio channel and docking according to the RS-232 standard with external equipment;

F and CHANNEL A - reception and transmission of an analog signal at the same frequency. In modes F and CHANNEL A, the radio station conducts simplex voice communication sessions with analog FM signal modulation. CHANNEL A mode has 10 channels numbered from 0 to 9.

In CHANNEL A mode, the operating frequency data on each channel corresponds to the channel data in CHANNEL C mode.

TEST - checking the components of the radio station that are not automatically tested when it is turned on. In TEST mode, the radio station is tested based on operator commands, while the exchange of TLF and TLC messages is impossible.

Note: When the power is turned on, the radio station starts receiving automatically in all modes except TEST, in accordance with the data stored in the PROM. The radio station can only be switched to TEST mode manually.

Lesson 1. Complex of technical means “PEANUT”. Educational questions: 1. Purpose, technical characteristics of “PEANUT”. 2. Composition of CTS "PEANUT". 3. Purpose of controls. KTS

ABBREVIATIONS USED PROM – reprogrammable read-only memory; PRFC – pseudo-random tuning of the operating frequency; TLC – telecode; VHF – especially high frequencies.

PURPOSE OF RADIO STATIONS The products are transceiver simplex radio stations of the VHF range, providing: - exchange of voice, telecode information and digital data with a PC when working with products R-392-ATsM, R-392 AK 2 M (for R-392 ATSM with R-392 AK 3 M): 1) on a fixed channel; 2) with a search for calling and free channels; 3) with an abrupt change in the operating frequency during a communication session; - exchange of voice information in analog form with other radio stations operating in a given frequency range.

OPERATING RANGES OF PRODUCTS for R-392 AK 1 M 42 -52 MHz for R-392 AK 2 M 148 -174 MHz for R-392 AK 3 M 410 -450 MHz with a frequency grid step of 25 kHz. Type of modulation – narrowband FM.

OPERATING RANGES OF PRODUCTS for R-392 ATs 42 -52 MHz, 148 -174 MHz and 410 - 450 MHz for R-392 ATSM 148 -174 MHz and 410 - 450 MHz for R-392 AK 2 M 148 -174 MHz with grid spacing frequencies – 25 k. Hz. Type of modulation – narrowband FM.

THE PRODUCTS PROVIDE: - storage of control information and TLC messages when the power source is turned off; - input of five messages prepared for TLC transmission with a volume of up to 100 five-digit groups; - storage of 22 received TLCs with a volume of up to 100 five-digit groups (only for R-392 ACM); - transmission and reception of addressless (address-00) TLC messages; - transmission and reception of address (address from 01 to 99) TLC messages; - possibility of independent frequency dialing in “F” mode (one additional fixed channel with analogue FM). - storage of 99 technical closing keys (for R-392 ACM – 1024);

THE PRODUCTS PROVIDE 8) programming: - 10 modes “CHANNEL A (C)” for each range; - 10 “SEARCH” modes for each range; - 10 “PRFC” modes for each range; - 1 technical closing key “MASKA 99” (for R-392 ACM - 2 technical closing keys “MASKA 1” and “MASKA 2” for each range);

THE PRODUCTS PROVIDE - switching off the vocal tract when the carrier frequency of the signal at the receiver input disappears; - digital TLF and TLC communication in any of the “CHANNEL C”, “SEARCH”, “PRFC” modes in the submodes: 1) “STATION”; 2) “ECHO-RTR”; 3) “RTR-PRM”; 4) "RTR-PRD". - TLK communication in any of the “CHANNEL C”, “SEARCH”, “PRFC” modes in the “MAIL” submode;

THE PRODUCTS PROVIDE - simultaneous reception on two frequency ranges in different modes (only for R-392 ACM); - reception on one frequency range and transmission on another in different modes (only for R-392 ACM); - transfer of data (files) using a PC and application software in the “R/MODEM” and “STATION” submodes; - mode of accumulation, transmission and reception of voice messages up to 3 minutes.

THE PRODUCTS PROVIDE - - prompt installation and change of the subscriber's telephone number; prompt installation of economical or non-economical operating modes; quick setting of the transmitter output power level (high, low); quick installation and change of sound volume, brightness and indicator light time; Keypad lock; the ability to autonomously check the product for operation.

THE PRODUCTS PROVIDE: Continuity of operation from a freshly charged battery: - economical mode – 15 hours; - non-economical mode – 6 hours.

OPERATING MODES OF PRODUCTS “CHANNEL C” – search for a signal at one frequency and receive digital information, if a signal is available. The product conducts voice communication sessions and exchanges digital TLC messages. The mode has numbers from 0 to 9. For each number, any one frequency from the operating range of the product is set. “SEARCH” – search for a signal at four frequencies and receive information at the frequency where the signal is found. The product carries out voice communications and exchange of digital TLC messages. The mode has a number from 0 to 9. For each number, any four scanning frequencies from the operating range of the product can be set. “PRFR” – signal reception with frequency transitions during reception. The product conducts voice communication sessions and exchanges digital TLC messages. The mode has numbers from 0 to 9. For each number, the starting frequency, the ending frequency, the number of the frequency change law and the frequencies prohibited for operation are set.

WHEN OPERATING IN THE “CHANNEL”, “SEARCH”, “PRFC” MODES, THE FOLLOWING SUB-MODES OF “STATION” OPERATION CAN BE INSTALLED IN THE PRODUCT – reception and transmission of circular and addressed TLC and voice messages; “MAIL” – receiving TLC messages and storing them in EEPROM. After receiving a TLC request addressed to this product, a search is made for TLC intended for the requesting subscriber and, if available, they are sent to the addressee. In this mode, all TLF messages are ignored. “ECHO RTR” – reception of all TLF and TLC messages and their retransmission (transmission with a time delay) to the subscriber. The maximum TLF message time is at least 3 minutes 20 seconds. If this time is exceeded, subsequent voice information is ignored. “RTR PRM” – reception of TLC and TLF messages and their output via the RS 232 interface to other products. “RTR PRD” – reception of TLC and TLF messages via the RS-232 interface and their broadcasting. “R/MODEM” – reception and transmission of digital data over a radio channel and docking using the RS-232 standard with external equipment.

OPERATING MODES “F” and “CHANNEL A” – reception and transmission of an analog signal at the same frequency. In the “F” and “CHANNEL A” modes, the product conducts simplex voice communication sessions with analog FM signal modulation. The “CHANNEL A” mode has numbers from 0 to 9. In the “CHANNEL A” mode, the operating frequency data corresponds to the data in the “CHANNEL” mode. “CHECKING” – checking the component parts of the product that are not automatically tested when the product is turned on. In the “CHECK” mode, equipment is tested based on operator commands, while the exchange of TLF and TLC messages is impossible.

OPERATING MODES - “ECONOMICAL RECEPTION MODE” - this mode is characterized by the greatest efficiency in using the capacity of the power source and a longer time to establish a connection (up to 1.8 sec.) with the time to establish a connection in a non-economical mode of 0.5 sec. Some types of correspondent radio stations (R-392 ATs, ARK-3) have operating modes: - “MAYAK” - transmitting a beacon signal on one fixed frequency. In the MAYAK mode, the exchange of TLF and TLC messages is impossible; - “BEARING” - receiving a beacon signal on one fixed frequency. In this operating mode, the exchange of TLF and TLC messages is impossible.

TRANSMITTER POWER R-392 ACM Operating mode - low power Supply voltage R-392 AK 2 M battery 7.2 V. 0.5 W. Supply voltage R-392 ACM battery 9.5 V. 12 V. 0.3 W. - medium power - high power 5 W. 2, 3 W. 5 W. 30 W.

THE PRODUCTS ARE POWERED - from a standard battery with a voltage of 7.2 V. (for R-392 ACM - 9.5 V.); - from an external DC source with a voltage of 12 V.; - from an external 24 V DC source when using the ARCMFP unit (only for R-392 ACM). The products provide round-the-clock operation when using an external power source. When the product's supply voltage drops below 8 V (for R-392 AK 2 M - 6 V), a sound and light indication of battery discharge is turned on.

CURRENT CONSUMPTED BY PRODUCTS CURRENT CONSUMPTED BY PRODUCT R-392 AK 2 M: Low power transmission mode High power transmission mode - 0.75 A; - 1.4 A. CURRENT CONSUMPTED BY THE R-392 ACM PRODUCT: When powered by a standard power supply of 9.5 V: - low power transmission mode – 0.9 A; - transmission mode at medium power – 2.6 A; - When powered by external 12V power supply: low power transmission mode - 0.9A; high power transmission mode – 9.0 A.

TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS The R-392 ACM product can be placed on mobile or stationary objects. It is allowed to install products under the following climatic conditions: - ambient temperature from - 30° to + 40°C; - relative ambient humidity up to 98% at a temperature of +35°C. The weight of the R-392 ACM radio station is 2.2 kg.

OPERATING FEATURES Opening and repairing products is PROHIBITED! The following rules must be observed: - when working with the product, it is prohibited to turn on the product for transmission when the antenna is disconnected. - shorting the contacts of the battery power supply is prohibited.

PRODUCT R-392 AK 2 M CONSISTS OF 1. ARK-RK working kit: - ARK-P transceiver device; - monocrystalline antenna; - antenna ARA-N-01; - power supply unit ARK-BP; - operator headset; - special packaging ARK-US; - ARK-S bag.

PRODUCT R-392 AK 2 M CONSISTS OF 2. Set of replacement parts and accessories: - ARK-FP power filter; - ARA-P antenna; - operator headset; - tourniquet VAZH 352; v - ARK-CH case; - charger ARZU-1.

CONTROLS ARK CONNECTOR FOR ANTENNA CONNECTION ON/OFF BUTTON SINGLE LINE DISPLAY (INDICATOR) 00010 00 MODE TIME 1 2 TLC 3 No. ABN PROG 4 5 6 F ShP BLK 8 9 7 POWER CONTROL BUTTONS COMPARTMENT FOR CONNECTION POWER SUPPLY (BATTERY OR POWER FILTER FROM AN EXTERNAL SOURCE WITH VOLTAGE FROM 8 TO 16 V) 0 END YES N L NO CONNECTOR FOR CONNECTING OPERATOR’S HEADSETS, PC, OTHER RADIO STATION

ARC CONTROLS BUTTON 1 SELECTION OF OPERATING MODE BUTTON 2 SETTINGS BUTTON YES CURRENT TIME CONFIRMATION 00010 00 MODE TIME 1 2 TLC 3 No. ABN PROG 4 BUTTON 4 PROGRAMMING AND SELECTION OF PROGRAM MODES BUTTON KA 7 TRANSITION TO OPEN COMMUNICATION CHANNEL MODE 5 6 F ShP BLK 8 9 BUTTON 5 SETTINGS BACKLIGHT BRIGHTNESS AND VOLUME BUTTON 6 SELECTING SUBSCRIBER NUMBER BUTTON 9 KEYBOARD LOCK 7 POWER 0 END YES N L NO BUTTON 03 TURN ON SELECTING POWER TRANSMISSION MODE, EDITING PRODUCTS, OUTPUT, INPUT T LC INFORMATION, COMMAND, PROBING BUTTON BUTTON NO 8 ARROW- UP MODE, DOWN LEVEL SETTING ARROW BUTTON REJECT AND END THRESHOLD PREVIOUS CONDITION OF SQUEEZER OPERATION EXIT TO MAIN MENU RETURN TO SELECT ITEMS MODE

Airborne special forces equipment

Even the first leader of the self-proclaimed Ichkeria, Dzhokhar Dudayev, declared the soldiers of the 45th separate reconnaissance regiment of the Airborne Forces his personal enemies - they dealt so successfully with the Chechen separatists. Since then, Russian “gray wolves” (this animal is depicted on the unit’s emblem) have repeatedly driven “wolves” into the mountains, tracked them there and destroyed them. However, the successful completion of combat missions often depends not only on the personal skills of the special forces soldiers who are regularly sent to the Chechen Republic... Officers of the 45th special forces unit told the VPK correspondent about how they are equipped, armed, and their equipment today.

Just like 30 years ago, the main weapon of the special forces remains the Kalashnikov assault rifle.
Photo by Arkady Chiryatnikov

Outfit

The paratroopers recall that when American peacekeepers in Bosnia, at one of their meetings with Russian colleagues, first picked up our army boots, their amazement knew no bounds: “How do you walk in these?” Indeed, the so-called domestic “crocodiles” weigh on average 1.5 kg, and even more when wet. The US shoes with comfortable lacing turned out to be incomparably lighter, and the laces were so strong that they could not be compared with ours, which tend to tear after a week of walking in the field.

Several years have passed since that memorable meeting for both sides, but the quality of Russian military boots has not improved at all. Most of the soldiers of the 45th regiment, by the way, have soles of their “crocodiles” that are not glued, but lined with nails. Although superior officers are well aware that if, God forbid, a scout steps on a mine, these very nails, flying out of the sole under the influence of a blast wave, aggravate injuries and injuries. By and large, paratroopers, of course, dream of special boots for sappers from the Marter Horner company (USA) - according to rumors, their thick and durable sole with a lead plate inside absorbs the explosive blow and prevents limbs from being torn off - but one such pair is worth about 250 dollars. In general, what can we talk about if Russian conscripts, for example, receive only foot wraps throughout their entire service life and only one pair of cotton socks upon transfer to the reserve. However, wearing socks is much more convenient, so the soldiers either have to buy them themselves or wait for their parents to send them.

Using our own money or funds from patrons-sponsors, the regiment purchases replacement linen and uniforms. After all, the camouflages that our industry produces become unusable after only three months of a soldier’s stay in Chechnya, where the frequency of combat missions is every three days. Meanwhile, the established period for wearing a set of summer uniforms for a conscript soldier is six months, and a winter uniform is a year. So commanders constantly have to somehow get out of it, otherwise their subordinates will simply have nothing to wear to go into battle. At one time, however, the rear guards in Chechnya were guided by the order of the commander of the OGV(S) in the North Caucasus, which stated that the old uniform should be replaced with a new one every 3 months, but for some reason the quartermaster began to “forget” about this order since the summer 2001

In addition, according to paratrooper officers, the fabric of camouflages does not “breathe” at all, so soldiers on hot days, to put it mildly, experience considerable discomfort. To some, such a claim may seem excessive, but for paratroopers this is not a whim at all. For example, if a reconnaissance officer suddenly suffers heatstroke, the completion of a combat mission will be in jeopardy. The “gray wolves” are also dissatisfied with the mountain suit model developed back in Soviet times. But even the regiment is chronically short of them. It’s good that the sponsors helped out a little more, they gave us 12 grey-brown, rocky-colored modern “slides” with rubberized straps and non-sagging pockets. But what are 12 mountain suits for a reconnaissance regiment?

Sponsorship gifts

Fortunately, almost all of the regiment's personnel are provided with winter uniforms, in particular light, warm and waterproof padding polyester jackets. However, this necessary piece of clothing also has its drawbacks: the jacket zipper has only one lock, which, firstly, breaks quickly, and secondly, it is too noisy to unfasten and fasten. Therefore, when carrying out combat missions, scouts wear these jackets only in parking lots, using them for overnight stays, but almost never button them up.

Once during the winter season, all military personnel are issued five-fingered woolen gloves and warmer three-fingered standard army mittens. But since during intense combat work the gloves wear out very quickly, and it is impossible to quickly pull the trigger in mittens, ordinary soldiers in reconnaissance often walk around with bare hands.

As for modern uniforms and equipment, only personnel who go on business trips to Chechnya have it - that is, roughly speaking, one battalion of the regiment. Moreover, everything was purchased not with funds from the Ministry of Defense, but with the money of officers and individuals who previously either served in this airborne regiment or in some other special forces units. Although these things, intended for the broad “consumer masses,” have their drawbacks.

For example, previously the guys had to take the RD-90 with them on missions, which could only hold a raincoat, packed food for one day, one mine and a first aid kit, provided that all this was packed correctly. The sponsors bought much more spacious universal backpacks, each of which can accommodate at least: dry rations for three days, a mine with a detonation line, a supply of ammunition, medicines, a supply of water, batteries for communication, a radio station, and a rain poncho. Plus - large valves, thanks to which this entire supply can be quickly taken out and put away in the dark. But for greater convenience, it lacks an anatomical “back” and the shoulder girths are not properly thought out: when moving, the backpack constantly rubs the back, and the fabric, due to the lack of ventilation, absorbs human sweat. As a result, after just over a year, the backpack gradually becomes damp and rots: after all, a scout does not always have the opportunity to dry it under normal conditions.

Everyone goes to Chechnya, as a rule, with polyurethane mats (so that they can lie on bare ground), also purchased with sponsorship money, since the Russian Defense Ministry does not deal with such “trifles” at all. But these mats absorb water and do not protect against cold and dampness, which is why paratroopers take out fabric-covered rubber pads from RD-90 (they protect their backs from chafing). But the latter are also short-lived - they quickly break.

Means of communication

The regiment has radio stations R-159, R-392, R-853, "Peanut" and "Crossbow". The newest of them - "Crossbow" - is used almost only in stationary conditions: the frequency setting buttons break down very quickly. The Peanut radio station, which is relatively small in size and weight, is most suitable for fast communication, from which you can send a message both by digital dialing and by voice. However, the Peanut has a shorter range, and the fragile antenna usually breaks very quickly. Therefore, scouts on missions constantly have to carry with them a backup P-159, which, despite all its bulkiness and heaviness, provides reliable communications in closed mode. The officers again recalled how the Americans, during joint exercises in Bosnia, set up their satellite satellites faster than ours. One consolation is that in the event of satellite failure, our R-159Ms would be more reliable.

Each group operating in the mountains has several portable radio stations operating in open mode - the commander and senior reconnaissance officers. Of course, if every soldier received such a radio station, the unit would be more manageable. But the most important thing is different. Firstly, almost all headset connections will break sooner or later. Secondly, it is impossible to conduct radio conversations without making unnecessary movements, which is simply vital for a scout in a different situation. For example, in order to say something, you need to move your hand to the chest area where the switch is located. The microphone is as unmaskingly brilliant as that of the heroes in the series “Special Forces”. And finally, I would like military portable radios to have a wider frequency range to be able to listen to the enemy. After all, until now, militants in Chechnya usually use “Icome” stations with a frequency range of 100 MHz and higher (in our country - up to 100 MHz).

Armament

The intelligence officers confidently declare that all the domestic weapons they have to use are tested and reliable, mainly 7.62 mm, since bullets of this caliber in mountainous and wooded areas do not change their flight path. Another thing is bad: the regiment does not have a sufficient number of silent "Vintorez" (special sniper rifles - VSS), ACC (special sniper assault rifle), which are light, easy to carry and operate, and are also simply necessary for head patrols. In addition, many VSSs have long fired 400, 600, and even 800 rounds - all this is recorded in the forms, but due to the fact that there is no replacement for them, the special forces are again going to Chechnya with these seemingly rifles suitable only for decommissioning.

Some officers also believe that it is high time for domestic gunsmiths to learn how to make silenced PM pistols for special forces, since the stopping effect of 9-mm Makarov bullets is much stronger than the 7.62-mm silent PSS. Well, the “minus” of the HP-2 scout knife is that it needs to be sharpened periodically.

Of the optical sights, the regiment uses almost everything that is currently in service in the Russian army. Thus, the regiment recently received night sights 1PN93-1 (for AKMS and VSS), 1PN93-3 (for SVD and PKM). They are small-sized, lightweight, but in the rain they definitely need to be covered with something, wrapped with electrical tape, adhesive tape. In addition, military personnel themselves have to make soft covers for the optics (to prevent them from rattling) and cover them with oilcloth and fabric on top (to prevent glare and unmask). Typically, within three days of work, scouts say, three out of five sights fail. And after returning to base, it takes at least eight hours to bring the optics into working condition (it needs to be dried in the sun in summer, near the stove in winter).

Night sights 1PN51 and 1PN58 are more waterproof and reliable, but there are few of them, they are old (some have almost become unusable). In addition, it is now very difficult to get batteries for them.

There are enough 1PN50 night binoculars in the regiment, but the same problems exist here: they are not waterproof, very heavy, and the necessary batteries are in short supply. Meanwhile, the paratroopers found foreign binoculars from the militants, which are lighter than ours, they have rubberized joints (which means they are more reliable and are not afraid of moisture), and they have rangefinders and compasses.

I would like for reconnaissance officers to have autonomous mobile radar and thermal imaging surveillance systems. But, not wanting to sit idly by, waiting for the moment until they entered the troops, the paratroopers began to buy with their own money conventional hearing aids for people with partial or complete loss of hearing, circular and directional, and have already managed to try their working qualities. “We have already had cases when, with the help of hearing aids, we detected the movements of “spirits” at a considerable distance,” the special forces assured me, “and then the group worked well on them:”

I had the opportunity to visit an elite regiment of the Russian army. And if there are so many problems here, then what can we say about ordinary combat units. Do special forces need a lot? Yes. It cannot be otherwise: the combat missions entrusted to them are too important.

Show source

1. Purpose, performance characteristics

Type: transceiver, wearable

Simplex

VHF band

Designed for the exchange of voice and telecode information (binary coding system for five-digit groups)

· on a fixed channel (frequency)

· with the search for calling and free channels, drawing up a communication program (frequencies) in this equipment, each channel - an official - the frequency number is driven in (day main, day reserve, night), automatic scanning occurs - search for free channels.

· with an abrupt change in frequency over time. Channels are driven in 10 frequencies randomly according to a certain value.

In all modes, information is exchanged in analog mode with other workstations

To determine the direction of radiation of the beacon in the azimuth plane

Work in both beacon mode and BEARING mode

The main mode of operation is either bearing or beacon on the same frequency

• ARK-1 42-52 MHz
• ARK-2 148-174 MHz
• ARK-3 410-450 MHz
• grid step 25 kHz
• signal type: frequency modulation
• Communication range up to 10-20 km for organizing communications within a reconnaissance group
• OPERATING MODES

CHANNEL C (digital) search for a call signal, prm and prd signal on the same frequency (provided speech, TLG)

CHANNEL A (F) (analog) at a fixed frequency

SEARCHING for calling and free channels, searching for a calling signal on 4 frequencies and receiving information on a free frequency. Providing delivery of voice messages in digital mode (TLG)

FPFC (pseudo-adjustment of operating frequency) search for a call signal, prm and prd by jumping frequencies (speech, TLC)

BEARING of the beacon signal on one fixed frequency (speech and TLC is impossible)

MAYAK transmission of a beacon signal on one fixed frequency (speech and TLC is impossible)

CHECK checking non-tested parts

SUB-MODES:

STATION prm circular. and address. TLC messages

MAIL for all TLC messages, their storage, etc. upon request. to the addressee

ECHORTR prm TLC messages with their subsequent relay

R/MODEM prm and prd digital messages via standard connector

TLC messages input and storage no more than 5, volume up to 100 five-digit groups

MASK storage of 99 technical keys. closure (spectrum inversion) prototype of classified equipment. communications

POWER: 1. Rated voltage 9.5V

Operating time from one power source 6 hours, economy mode 15 hours

The composition of the radio station ARK-1.

1. ARK-1 working kit:

Transceiver device ARK1-P;

Monocrystalline antenna;

Antenna ARA-N-01;

Power supply unit ARK-BP;

Operator headset;

Bag ARK-S.

2. Set of replacement parts and accessories:

Power filter ARK-FP;

Operator headset;

Case ARK-CH;

Charger ARZU-1.

3. Spare parts kit-O.

4. List of operational documents.

The composition of the radio station ARC.

The radio station consists of the following main functional and structurally complete units:

1. Transceiver device ARTsM-P.

2. Power supply ARC-BP.

3. Voice remote control.

4. Car antenna.

5. Magnetic holder.

6. ARZPU-1 device.

7. Antenna ARA-DM.

8. ARCM-FP block.

9. Operator headset.

10. Frame ARCM-RAM.

11. ZIP-G kit.

12. Spare parts kit-O.